初中英语语法填空浅析课件.pptx

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1、语法填空题,考查：在语篇中考查学生对语法知识的理解、掌握以及运用的能力。即：1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法的能力。内容：真实的语境中,语 法,句法,词法,章法,惯用法,语法填空题,体裁：记叙文为主篇幅:约 11行，150-200字左右分值：10分（10空）。（首句不设空）题型：1）纯空格题（非提示类，3个）：冠词、介词、关联词（并列句和从句）、代词、副词（again/still/also/yet）；2）提示词题（7个,一定要变化）：动词（时态和语态、非谓语）、形容词副词比较级、词性转化等；*不限填一个单词如 have been done（do），1分。,St

2、rategy,Strategy,（派生词）,Strategy,温馨提示：1.重视语境，扎实语法。掌握14个基本语法项目 P94-95：动词（时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语）、连词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、比较级最高级等；2.落实词汇 P72-93（不规则动词）3.机械 变形 综合（词-句-篇）4.改编课文与拓展阅读材料等,语法填空解题技巧指导一，解题步骤：,1，快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；,2，上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；,3，通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。,（1）.如

3、果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do,doing还是done的形式。,二，解题思路：,1.有提示词 这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。,例题：.For example,I _(order)a digital camera online the other day and saved about$50.When I die,I _(gi

4、ve)everything to you.On their return,the father asked his son _(explain)what he had learnt.They are animals _(live)in the sea.He likes reading books _(write)by Lu Xun.,（2）.如果需要填入名词，我们则需要根据我们的积累，加上正确的词缀，并判断是否有单复数的变化。通常情况下，作主语，及物动词或介词的宾语，形容词或物主代词之后，冠词+（形容词）后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。,例题：,1.What is the _(different

5、)between the two words.2.The _(win)of the competition are to be announced next week.3.Look up the _(mean)of the word in a dictionary.4._(congratulate)!You have done so well in the game.,构词法：（这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇，请务必熟记于心）动词变名词加ment，如：treatment,improvement,development,agreement,advertisement,achievem

6、ent,punishment,excitement.加ion，如：invention,action,collection,attraction,suggestion,discussion去e加ion，如：education,operation,communication,graduation,congratulation去e加ation，如：preparation,invitation,imagination,examination,改de为sion，如：decision,conclusion加ing，如：training,meaning,building,meeting,feeling,gr

7、eeting加or，如：actor,director,visitor加er，如：player,reader,owner,leader,speaker,farmer,waiter,reporter,dancer加ress，如：waitress,actress加ist，如：scientist，artist，tourist,2.形容词变名词加ness，如：illness,sickness,kindness,sadness,happiness加y/ty，如：difficulty,safety加er/r，如：foreigner,stranger改t为ce，如：difference,silence,imp

8、ortance,patience,confidence加th或去e加th，如：warmth,truth,（3）.如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。,例题：1.His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm).2.His car reached a speed of forty miles an hour-much _(fast)than any other cars.3.Just be _(p

9、atience).4.The teachers are very _(friend)and the classrooms are _(amaze).5.-Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?-Not at all.I cant have a _(bad)one.,构词法：（这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇，请务必熟记于心）动词或名词变形容词：,形容词变副词的后缀：,形容词变副词的后缀：,Some time ago,a friend of mine,who worked in a part of the city I didnt

10、know very 1_(good),invited me to call on him.It took me hours to get there and I took 2_(greatly)trouble to find a proper spot to park my car.As I was already three-quarters of an hour late,I parked my car 3_(quick).,At noon,just I was leaving my friends office,it 4_(sudden)struck me that I had no i

11、dea where I had parked my car.I could hardly go up to a policeman and tell him that I had lost a small green car somewhere!Walking down street 5_ street,I examined each car 6_(close)and was very happy to see a small green car just behind an old car.But How 7_(disappoint)I was to discover that though

12、 the car was 8_(exact)like my own,it belonged to someone else!Feeling quite 9_(tire)now,I went off for lunch.Some time 10_(late),I left the restaurant and walked down the street.Turning the corner,I nearly jumped for joy:my car was right in front of me,and there was no problem this time.,2.无提示词 无提示词

13、的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。,（1）.名词前面一般用冠词，形容词性物主代词或介词等。,.A young man,on his trip,saw a spring of clear water._ water was sweet.Besides,shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience.The young man went home _ a happy heart.Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for _ great works.,（2）.缺主语

14、或宾语，一般填代词。常考的代词包括：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词。做题时，先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思，从而确定用哪一种代词，再通过平时积累的语法知识，来判断代词的准确使用。,.Here are two bags.The blue _ is mine.Suddenly the wall moved-_ was made of trees.New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster.,例题：.Each winner gets a gold medal,a diploma(证书)_

15、 an amount of money.He was very tired from doing this for a whole day,_ he felt very happy.Which do you prefer,folk music _ pop music?,（3）.若两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,but,or等。,（4）.若两个句子之间没有分号或是句号；若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面，或一个句子位于逗号之后，则应该填连词，多为从属连词that,who,which,if,unless,though,because,when,until等。,例题：1._

16、 he is a newcomer,he has few friends around them.2.Tom didnt go to bed _his mother came back from school.3.Dont give up,_youll never achieve your goals.4.You will succeed in the end _you give up halfway.,5._ I like the food in that restaurant,I wont visit it today.Id like to try a different one.6.We havent decided _ we are going to put our new furniture.7.I cannot forget the time _I stayed in the countryside with those farmers.8.He said the girl was too fat,_made the girl very angry.,