现代大学英语精读第二版课件.ppt

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1、The Rite of Spring,Unit 3,Questions/Activities,Check-on Preview,Objectives,The Rite of Spring,Warming up,Unit 3,Warming up,Questions/Activities,Will you be a good gardener?A quick quiz!1.Where is the best location to plant tall or climbing plants?A.North side of the garden B.East side of the garden

2、C.South side of the gardenD.West side of the garden2.Tomato plants that are“determinate”are more bushy plants,and tomato plants that are indeterminate are more viny plants TrueFalse3.Potatoes are in what family?A.Carrot Family(Umbelliferae)B.Tomato Family(Solanaceae)C.Pea Family(Leguminosae)D.Mornin

3、g Glory Family(Convolvulaceae)4.What is the best level of soil ph for MOST plants?A.3.5-5.5 B.5.5-7.5C.8.0-9.0D.2.5-3.5,Warming up,Questions/Activities,Will you be a good gardener?A quick quiz!5.Pine needle mulch lowers the ph level of soil while peat moss raises the ph level.TrueFalse6.When a plant

4、 has beautiful lush foliage,but almost no fruit,the plant has an overdose of:(Ans:One 8-letter word)7.Tomato leaves that are purple and thin is a pretty good sign that they are lacking Potassium.TrueFalse8.Potato plants want lots of organic matter in the soil for the potatoes to grow better.TrueFals

5、e,Warming up,Questions/Activities,Now Check Your Answer!1.North side of the garden.When the tall plants are planted on the north side,they dont block the sun from other smaller plants and also keep down the north winds.2.True.If you dont want to stake,you will want determinate.If not,go with indeter

6、minate.3.Tomato Family(Solanaceae).Eggplant,Tomato,Tomatillo,Potato,and Pepper are all in the tomato family.4.5.5-7.5.Most plants require ph levels of 6-7,but a few can tolerate 5.5 like corn,carrots,and potatoes.Others can grow well in soil ph of 7.5 like cabbage and cauliflower.,Warming up,Questio

7、ns/Activities,Now Check Your Answer!5.False.Pine needle mulch and peat moss are good for alkaline soils because they lower the ph level.6.Nitrogen.Nitrogen will help produce lush foliage,but too much will make the plant concentrate on the leaves instead of the fruit.7.False.They lack phosphorus when

8、 the plants look like that.8.False.Too much organic matter will cause scabbing on the potatoes.,Check-on Preview,Warming up,See the Preview Quiz on P67-70.,Objectives,Know something about the authorUnderstand the genre of essayLearn how to interpret and appreciate literary essay,Warming up,Backgroun

9、d,Genre,Author,The Rite of Spring,Unit 3,Background,His Life,Arthur Miller 1915-2005,A Harlem-born Polish-Jewish boyMajored in journalism at University of MichiganWrote first play in 1936Received BA in English in 1938,Background,His Career,First successful play:All My Sons,1946 Huge success:Death of

10、 a Salesman,1949The Crucible,1953About Salem Witchhunt in 1692HUAC(House Un-American Activities Committee),anti-communist McCarthyism Attended a HUAC hearing in 1956,refusing to give names;sentenced to a$500 fine or thirty days in prison,blacklisted,and disallowed a US passportConviction overturned

11、in 1958Return to theatrical success:The Price,1968Experimental drama in 1970s,unsuccessful Kept writing until 2004,Background,His Influence,One of the greatest dramatists of the twentieth centuryPolitically engaged,commercially successful,social playsNumourous awards and honors:Three Tony Awards,Pul

12、itzer Prize for Death of the Salesman in 19491965,Elected the first American president of International Pen1993,awarded theNational Medal of Arts2001,selected for theJefferson Lecture,the U.S governments highest honor for achievement in thehumanities,Background,Death of a Salesman 1949;1984 movie st

13、arring Dustin Hoffman),The Crucible,1953,1996 movie starring Daniel Day-Lewis,His Works,Background,His Marriage,Mary Slattery,college sweetheart,1940 Marilyn Monroe,1956 Brief affair in 1951 Accompanied Miller to his 1956 trialMade The Misfits with Miller as the scriptwriterDivorced in 1961 Inge Mor

14、ath,1962Son Daniel born with Down Syndrome;institutionalized at Millers insistenceSon-in-law,English actor Daniel Day-Lewis,Background,Genre,Essay,A short piece of prose often written from the authors personal point of view Vague definition,great variety:literary,political,academic,journalistic,argu

15、mentative,expository,etc.Aldous Huxley:a literary device for saying almost everything about almost anythingPersonal and the autobiographical:these use fragments of reflective autobiography to look at the world through the keyhole of anecdote and description.Objective and factual:in these essays,the

16、authors do not speak directly of themselves,but turn their attention outward to some literary or scientific or political theme.Abstract-universal:these essays make the best.of all the three worlds in which it is possible for the essay to exist.,Background,Genre,Literary Essay,Types of essayFormal he

17、 has been called on to join in the making of meaning,Background,Genre,Literary Essay,Famous essayist Michel de Montaigne,first to use the term in Essais,1580 Francis Bacon,“Of Studies”William Hazlitt Charles Lamb Ralph Waldo Emerson,Text Analysis,Theme,“The Rite of Spring”rite:a solemn ceremony or a

18、ct;a set of fixed words or acts The Rite of Spring by Stranvinsky:a sacred pagan ritual where the wise elders are seated in a circle and are observing the dance before death of the girl whom they are offering as a sacrifice to the god of Spring in order to gain his benevolence What does“The Rite of

19、spring”refer to in this text?How is gardening a rite?Does gardening carry any symbolic meaning?Is gardening a celebration of spring?,The Rite of Spring,Unit 3,Text Analysis,Text Analysis,Theme,How do you understand the title“The Rite of Spring”?What about the timing of writing?Does it carry any sign

20、ificance?Does the author enjoy gardening?Find textual evidence.What does the author say about gardening?What is the authors attitude towards gardening?,Text Analysis,Structure,I.Gardening as a celebration of the coming spring(1-2).II.Why gardening?(3-10)Gardening involves conflict and choice-making.

21、Gardening teaches you about nature.Gardening is neurotic and moral.Gardening helps character building.III.Gardening enables people to stay hopeful for the future.(11-12),Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part I:Main Idea,What do you know about the facts of the authors gardening?Why did they keep the g

22、arden?What do you make of the comparison between root crops and hot dogs?Why cant he resist the temptation to plant despite the seeming unwillingness?Why“inevitably”?What do you think is the tone of para.1?What do you think of the last few descriptive sentences in para.2?,Text Analysis,Detailed Anal

23、ysis,Part I:Sentence Paraphrase,.,There is a human instinct at work here,a kind of back-breaking make-believe that has no reality.(para.1)Back-breaking:physically hard and tiring Make-believe:believing in things that you want to believe because they are easy or exciting,but are not real At work:(lit

24、.)to be having an effect,usually an obvious or bad effectParaphrasing:Perhaps gardening is human nature.We like to exert ourselves year after year working in the garden,believing this years harvest will be better,just like we can always revive hope after repeated failures.,Text Analysis,Detailed Ana

25、lysis,Part I:Sentence Paraphrase,As it is,though,I cannot deny that when April comes I find myself going out to lean on the fence and look at that miserable plot of land,resolving with all my rational powers not to plant it again.(para.2)Analyze the grammatical structure of the sentence.,Text Analys

26、is,Detailed Analysis,Part I:Sentence Paraphrase,And the sun means business(para.2)Mean business:(infml)to want very much to achieve something,even if other people disagree with you;be serious about sth.you have to doParaphrasing:The sun shines more brightly and its getting warmer.,Text Analysis,Deta

27、iled Analysis,Part I:Words&Expressions,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part I:Exercise,1.A bunch of _/_/_/_/2._/_/_/_ ones way 3.尽管意识形态上仍有不同，近年来两国间的合作不断加强。4.他这次似乎是认真的，还制定了一个详细的五年计划。5.一个难民小心地、慢慢地从铁丝网的下面钻了过去。,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part I:Keys to Exercise,1.A bunch of people/flowers/vegetable

28、s/fruits/keys,etc.2.work/make/shoulder/inch/bow/beg,etc.ones way 3.尽管意识形态上仍有不同，近年来两国间的合作不断加强。Despite the ideological differences at work,the two countries have strengthened their cooperation in recent years.4.他这次似乎是认真的，还制定了一个详细的五年计划。He seems to mean business this time;he has even made a detailed fiv

29、e-year plan.5.一个难民小心地、慢慢地从铁丝网的下面钻了过去。A refugee carefully wormed his/her way through under the wire fence.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Main Idea,What does the author mean by saying that“conflict”sends him back to garden?Whats the difference between black plastic and hay mulch?Why does suc

30、h difference matter?What does this say about gardening?Why does the author use fertilizers sparingly?Why does he say“Im not sure”?How do you understand his claim that gardening is“neurotic”and“moral”?Do you agree?What do you make of the parent-children metaphor in para.6?What do you think of the mot

31、her-in-law story?Why such a story?,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Main Idea,Why does the author say“I garden because I must”?How do you understand“A garden is an extension of oneself”?Where did gardening get Adam?What does this indicate?What is the general tone in this part?Does Arthur Mill

32、er love gardening or not?,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Sentence Paraphrase,Im not sure why I do this beyond the saving in fertilizer and my unwillingness to aid the weeds.(para.5)Beyond:except(in negative sentences)Eg.He has no idea of the current situation beyond what little he is told.P

33、araphrase:I dont know why I only use very little fertilizer;maybe I dont want to spend too much on fertilizer,or maybe I dont want the weeds to thrive on fertilizer.But certainly there are more reasons.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Sentence Paraphrase,.,She is an outspoken,truthful woman,

34、or she was until she learned better.(para.8)Learn better:learn that it is not wise or moral to do sth.Cf.know better(than to do sth.):to be wise or moral enough not to do sth.Paraphrasing:She used to be a woman who spoke her mind and who was always straightforward in her speech,but now she has learn

35、ed from experiences that it is not wise to do so.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Sentence Paraphrase,In some pocket of the mind there might even be the tendency to change this vision into a personal assurance that all this healthy growth,this orderliness and thrusting life must somehow refl

36、ect movements in ones own spirit.(para.9)Paraphrasing:In some small corner of the mind,I am even inclined to believe that such beautiful view of the garden can be transformed into a spiritual certainty;I feel certain that just like this well-organized and arranged garden and the life and vitality of

37、 everything growing in it,my spirit is equally active as well as in order.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Sentence Paraphrase,.,A garden in an extension of oneself or selves and so it has to be an arena where striving does not cease,but continues by other means.(para.10)Paraphrasing:A garde

38、n is like your second self,or a projection of yourself in nature;whatever you do in real life continues in your garden.So a garden must be a state where your effort for achievements never stops,but carries on in different ways.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Words&Expressions,.,Text Analysi

39、s,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Exercise,All that _ is not gold.The grass _ in the early morning dew.Shakespeares literary legacy is _ compare.She dyed her hair a very unusual _ of red.任何适用于本地学生的校规也适用于留学生。在朝鲜发射导弹问题上有多方力量参与。他们是最好的朋友，却在利益面前像死敌一样互相攻击。,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Exercise,All th

40、at glitters is not gold.The grass glistened in the early morning dew.Shakespeares literary legacy is beyond compare.She dyed her hair a very unusual shade of red.All school rules for local students also go for overseas students.Many forces came into play on the issue of North Koreas missile launch.T

41、hey were best friends,but turned upon each other like deadly foes for profit.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part III:Main Idea,According to the author,why is gardener a proper occupation for the father of mankind?What do you think?Do you agree that mankind is a creature of self-delusion?Why do you

42、 think Arthur Miller say this?What does“self-delusion”actually mean here?,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part III:Sentence Paraphrase,Only the gardener is capable of reviving so much hope that this year,regardless of drought,flood,typhoon,or his own stupidity,this year he is going to do it right!(p

43、ara.11)Paraphrasing:Only the gardener can become hopeful after repeated failures and believe that this year he is going to have a good harvest,even though there might be disasters like drought,flood,typhoon,and even though he himself is foolish.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part III:Sentence Para

44、phrase,Leave it to God to have picked the proper occupation for the only creature capable of such self-delusion.(para.11)Leave it to sb.to do sth.:to allow someone to make a choice or decision about something,or to make someone responsible for something Paraphrasing:God has done His job properly and

45、 chosen the right occupation for mankind,because only man can“deceive”themselves willingly,only man can regain hope after repeated failures,believing in new and better possibilities.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part III:Words&Expressions,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part III:Exercise,管理层决定把这个

46、合同交给约翰去谈，因为他们知道他绝不会打没有准备的战。The management decided to leave it to John to negotiate for the contract,as they knew he would never leave it to chance.,The Rite of Spring,Unit 3,Reinforcement,Retelling,Discussion,Reinforcement,Discussion,Summarize what Miller says about gardening.Compare what he says wi

47、th the metaphors of gardening in“Mandelas Garden”.What are the differences and similarities?Have you ever had any experience in gardening?What do you think of gardening?Do you think what Miller says still holds in the contemporary world?Now what do you think of Millers attitude towards gardening?Wha

48、t do you think of the way he expresses himself?,Reinforcement,Discussion,Definition:the surface meaning and the underlying meaning of what is said are not the sameIrony consists in stating the contrary of what is meantTypes of irony Verbal ironyis a disparity of expression and intention Dramatic iro

49、nyis a disparity of awareness between actor and observer Situational ironyis the disparity of intention and result,Irony,Reinforcement,Discussion,Can you find where the irony is in“The Rite of Spring”?Title Time of writing Verbal irony,Irony,Reinforcement,Further Reading,“Of Gardens”,by Francis Bacon,