2020雅思阅读速读技巧.doc

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1、2020雅思阅读速读技巧 很多考鸭把雅思阅读题作为自己提高雅思总分的稻草，然而，奈何*太长，题量巨大，1个小时的时间根本不够，下面就和大家分享雅思阅读速读技巧，来欣赏一下吧。雅思阅读速读技巧想要提高阅读速度，首先要知道*中明显或者不明显的“逻辑信号”，它们在英语中又是如何表达的：雅思阅读速读技巧1：因果关系，看果在*当中，“因为”引导的内容，往往是一段陈述或铺垫，“所以”引导的内容，才是结论和总结。所以速览时，我们可以暂且把“原因”的部分略过，先看“结果”的部分，从而减省把握*重点的时间。引出“原因”的常用表达：because, because of, as a result of, resu

2、lt of, due to, thanks to, owing to, since, for, grateful for等，如：“Since employees have different needs, what acts as a reinforcement for one may not for another.”(剑桥雅思真题6, Test 3, Reading Passage 2)“Since”所在的前半句是原因，关键看后半句的结果(结论)。引出“结果”的常用表达：so, therefore, hence, thus, result in, lead to, consequently

3、, as a result等，如：“Such findings suggest that one persons equity is anothers inequity, so an ideal should probably weigh different inputs and outcomes according to employee group.”(剑桥雅思真题6, Test 3, Reading Passage 2) ：重点看“so”所在的后半句;“Speech is often unclear and ambiguous. Where possible, therefore, th

4、e recording has to be supplemented by the observers written comments on the non-verbal behaviours of the participants, and about the context in general.”(剑桥雅思真题4, Test 3, Reading Passage 3)：重点看“therefore”所在的第二句。雅思阅读速读技巧2：转折关系，看但是!“让步”的内容再豪华，都敌不过一个“但是”。这个道理很显浅，就不多作解释了。而快速浏览*时，我们就可以暂且只看“转折”部分的内容。反之，遇到

5、“让步”的内容，我们则可暂时忽略不看。(1)常见表“转折”的说法常见表“转折”的说法还有：but，however，nevertheless，yet，nonetheless等，如：“Down the centuries, thousands of wells were constructed throughout northwestern India, but the majority have now fallen into disuse”(剑桥雅思真题10, Test 1, Reading Passage 1) ：无论前面说了什么，也改变不了“the majority (of wells)”

6、被弃用的现实。重点显然在转折词“but”之后。(2)引导“让步”的常用说法引导“让步”的常用说法有：whereas，although，though，while，whereas，despite，in spite of，for all等，如：“Where as most exercises are designed to build up strength or endurance, plyometrics focuses on increasing power the rate at which an athlete can expend energy.”(剑桥雅思真题4, Test 4, Re

7、ading Passage 1) “whereas”所在的半句为让步状语从句，重点看另一个半句(转折的内容)。雅思阅读速读技巧3：递进关系，看后句所谓递进，即前后保持一致意见的情况下，后者在态度和语气上更进一步。故，读懂后者，即可得知前者。速览*时，重点先读递进后面的内容。常见表达“递进”的说法有：furthermore，moreover，not onlybut also，in addition等，如：“The psychiatrists felt that most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts and they further anticip

8、ated that only four per cent would go up to 300 volts. Furthermore, they thought that only a lunatic fringe of about one in 1,000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts. ”(剑桥雅思真题5, Test 1, Reading Passage 2) 即便不读前面的句子，光靠“Furthermore”后面递进的内容也可知，精神病学家预测：会执行高伏电击的人是少之又少的。雅思阅读速读技巧4：关注承上启下，找关键句承上： 以“代词

9、”或“所以”为开头的段落首句，一般都是承接或总结上一段话的内容。借助这样的句子，可以得知上一段话的内容重点。如：“代词”开头：“These research findings are exciting. There is growing evidence in New Zealand that”(剑桥雅思真题5, Test 3, Reading Passage 1) 这是文中最后一段的开头。从首句的代词“These”可知，首句是对上一段内容的承接，并可知上一段讲述的是一些“exciting research findings”。“所以”开头：“Thus ageing and death sho

10、uld not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism possesses many mechanisms for repair. It is not, in principle, necessary for a biological system”(剑桥雅思真题8, Test 3, Reading Passage 3) 从段落首句的“Thus”可知，首句是对上一段内容的承接，而并非本段内容的重点。启下：“问句”和“量词+复数词”通常是引出下文，通过它们能了解所在段落或紧随其后的段落的内容重点。如：“问句”： “What were

11、 the actual results? (借此问句可知本段的重点是“actual results”)Well, over 60 per cent of the teacher-subjects continued to obey Milgram up to the 450-volt limit in repetitions of the experiment in other countries, the percentage of obedient teacher-subjects was even higher, reaching 85 per cent in one country.

12、How can we possibly account for this vast discrepancy between what calm, rational, knowledgeable people predict in the comfort of their study and what pressured, flustered, but cooperative teachers actually do in the laboratory of real life?(最后的问句揭示，后面段落的重点内容是解释“this vast discrepancy”的原因)” (剑桥雅思真题5,

13、 Test 1, Reading Passage 2)“量词+复数词”：“Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and four factors seem to cause this disjunction between perception and reality.”(剑桥雅思真题5, Test 1, Reading Passage 3) “four factors”告诉我们，接下来的段落中，重点应该是关于这四种因素的描

14、述。雅思阅读速读技巧5：重视“what”句“what”经常用作表目的或具总结性的句子的开头，因此，遇到what开头的句子要多看两眼，如：“If the subject was still reluctant to proceed, Milgram said that it was important for the sake of the experiment that the procedure be followed through to the end. His final argument was you have no other choice. You must go on. Wh

15、at Milgram was trying to discover was the number of teacher-subjects who would be willing to administer the highest levels of shock, even in the face of strong personal and moral revulsion against the rules and conditions of the experiment.”(剑桥雅思真题5, Test 1, Reading Passage 2) 原文中，此段很长，但全部都只是属于一次实验过

16、程的描述。最后才以“what”为开头的句子，总结性地道出了实验的目的，使得此句成为全段重点。雅思阅读速读技巧6：不看：换句话说“换句话说、也就是说”意味着后面的内容与前面一致或是对前面的解释，因此只用看前面的内容即可。常见的表达有：that is (to say)，i.e.，namely，put another way，in other words等。如：“The state has no obligation to provide a health-care system itself, but to ensure that such a system is provided. Put an

17、other way, basic health-care is now recognized as a public good, rather than a private good that one is expected to buy for oneself.”(剑桥雅思真题4, Test 4, Reading Passage 3) 略掉“Put another way”后面的内容，只看前面。雅思阅读速读技巧7：不看：论据内容为了论证观点，*中经常会大量出现各式各样的论据，但它们并不是*的重点。故概览*时，论据可以先忽略不看。而常见的“论据”形式有：含“举例”的句子：for example

18、 / instance，e.g.，such as，like等;含“数据”的句子：百分比(%，percentage)，描述统计结果的数字;引用名人/专家言论(直接/间接引语)的句子：特别是“引号()”中的内容;以some，a few，others等表达“某些”的单词为开头的句子。雅思阅读速读技巧8：排除标点符号的干扰冒号(“：”) / 一个破折号(“-”) ，引出解释，看前面。如：“冒号”：“In 1890 he proposed that evolution was irreversible: that an organism is unable to return, even partial

19、ly, to a previous stage already realized in the ranks of its ancestors.”(剑桥雅思真题10, Test 4, Reading Passage 3)“一个破折号”：“.plyometrics focuses on increasing power the rate at which an athlete can expend energy.”(剑桥雅思真题4, Test 4, Reading Passage 1)两个破折号 / 括号：信息插入或解释，不用看。如：“两个破折号”：“For the so-called power

20、 events that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump times and distances have improved ten to twenty per cent.”(剑桥雅思真题4, Test 4, Reading Passage 1)“括号”：“This is not to say that infants recognize the reflection as their own image (a later d

21、evelopment).”(剑桥雅思真题9, Test 4, Reading Passage 2)看到这里，烤鸭们是否有点感觉了呢?现在，我们就以一个完整的段落，来演示一下这些信号词是如何帮助大家节省阅读时间的吧：(剑桥雅思真题4, Test 4, Reading Passage 1)：Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how

22、 fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space. For the so-called power events - that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump - times and distances have improved

23、 ten to twenty per cent(数据). In the endurance events(具体到某类运动，类似“某些”的用法) the results have been more dramatic. At the 1908 Olympics. John Hayes of the U.S. team ran a marathon in a time of 2:55:18(数据). In 1999, Moroccos Khalid Khannouchi set a new world record of 2:05:42(数据), almost thirty per cent(数据

24、) faster. (虽然段落原本有点长，但借助各类小信号，我们能快速地把文段删减一大半，最终只剩下第一句话，那么自然，阅览的时间也就跟着缩了一大半。)有了这些信号，我们就能更快速地掌握各段落大意，了解*结构，不仅读*快了，找答案时也能更有目的性，能避免在与题目不相干的段落里浪费时间，答题准确率自然也会有所提升。那么，这些信号，今天你掌握了吗?友情提示：“信号”虽然能很大程度上协助阅读，但语言本身是灵活的，任何“信号”都只是一个参考方向，并非时刻万能。最重要的，还是要大家多练多积累，提升自身综合理解能力。雅思阅读材料：好莱坞市整治小广告有新招Cheap signs scattered on l

25、awns and along the corners of busy intersections are hard to miss.To city officials,the signs are costly litter that requires city workers to pick them up.那些散落在草地上和繁忙路口的廉价小广告让人很难错过。对于城市官员来说，这些小广告都是“价值不菲”的垃圾，因为需要清洁工去把它们捡起来。Putting them up is deemed a crime as well,albeit a relatively minor offense th

26、at carries a fine of up to $250 in Hollywood,Fla.在美国佛罗里达州的好莱坞市，贴小广告是犯法的，虽然罪行较轻，但罚款可达250美元。While stopping for a red light a few months ago, Hollywood Mayor Peter Bober studied the ghastly signs and came to a realization that would help him stop them from spreading:The criminals had left their calling

27、 cards in the form of business phone numbers.几个月前，该市的市长彼得鲍勃在一次等红灯时，看到这些难看的小广告，突然想出一招防止它们扩散的方法，因为他看到罪犯们把电话号码留在小广告上。These people want us to call them, so lets call them so often util it makes their heads spin,said Bober, who bought a $300 software program in March that robocalls the businesses.The num

28、ber of the calls has gone up as high as 20 calls per program, made to 90 businesses per day.鲍勃说：“这些人想让我们给他们打电话，那我们就使劲打，打到他们头昏眼花。”他今年3月花了300美元买了一套软件，给这些人自动拨打电话。这套软件可以每天给90多个发帖者每人拨打20次电话。In 20XX, Bober held a citywide contest, offering $500 in non-public funds to whoever collected the most signs.The s

29、igns disappeared overnight, with the winning resident collecting nearly 500 of them.Yet over time,the city was again plagued by signs cluttering the sights.在20XX年，鲍勃举行了一次全市范围的竞赛，收捡小广告最多者奖励500美元。一夜之间，街上的小广告全不见了，获奖的市民收捡了大约500副小广告。但不久之后，小广告又遍布全城。For two whole years,I was asking myself what to do,the ma

30、yor said. The robocalls,which leave pre-recorded messages,have been so successful that city officials say certain areas have seen a 90 percent reduction in signs .“过去两年我一直在考虑到底该怎么做，”鲍勃说。这些播放预录信息的机器拨号非常成功，一些地方小广告减少率达90%。雅思阅读材料：男人女人都爱听的7句话One of the intriguing things about a relationship is figuring o

31、ut the exact words that will woo him, wow her, and win his heart. Here are some suggestions for the men and women in your life.恋爱比较有意思的就是，琢磨出对方爱听的甜言蜜语，然后赢得TA的爱恋。以下就为您列出男人女人都爱听的7句甜言蜜语。1. “Yes.”“好的。”And we are not talking about the obvious “yes.” Men want love too, and emotional intimacy, and the secu

32、rity that comes with committed partnership. And it all begins with a positive response from the woman he wants. “Yes, I noticed you too.” “Yes, here is my phone number.” “Yes, Id love to meet you for dinner.” Both men and women love someone who is willing to try new things, go to new places, and hav

33、e a “yes” attitude in general.此处我们说的可不只是简单的同意“好的”哦。男人也渴望被爱，需要亲密感情，以及伴侣关系带来的安全感。只要心爱的女人给予肯定的回应，对他说：“对，我也注意到你了哦”;“给，这是我的电话号码”或 “嗯，非常乐意跟您共进晚餐”，他就会得到满足。一般，男人女人都爱跟态度积极、勇于尝试新事物新地方的人交往。2. “Id rather be with you ”“我更愿意跟你待在一起”. than do whatever it is thats keeping you apart at the moment. Lets face it, these

34、 days, life moves at a crazy pace. The demands of work, family, friendsand even mundane tasks like grocery shoppingcan consume every spare minute. Its easy to let optional items, like time together, slip to the bottom of the “to do” list. But even when unavoidable things get in the way, your partner

35、 likes to hear that they are also important to you.此刻我更愿意跟你待在一起，不想去做X.X事情。不得不承认，现代社会生活节奏太快。工作家庭朋友甚至买菜这种日常琐事都能填满所有空余时间。于是，约会这种可做可不做的事情很容易靠边儿站。其实，就算手上有非做不可的事情，让另一半知道你牵挂着他/她也很受用。3. “Are you free Saturday night?”“周六晚上有空吗?”Date nights are importanteven if you have been together for years. A man also like

36、s to be pursued as much as he likes to pursue, so dont be afraid to ask him out once in a while, ladies. Dont ever stop carving out that quality time for each other.哪怕你俩已相处多年，约会之夜也还是很重要。男人喜欢追女人，也享受被女人追求。所以，女人不妨偶尔主动约男人出去，共度二人甜蜜时光。4. “Theres something you do that I find adorable.”“我发现有时你很可爱。”When you

37、noticeand lovesomething about your partner that isnt obvious to world, it tells them youre interested enough in them to pay attention to the small things. It also confirms the intimate nature of your relationship. Be aware of the cute, charming things they do that you find irresistible. Then tell th

38、em what you admire!如果你发现TA有别人看不到的可爱之处，说明你真的非常非常在乎TA所以才会关注这些细微末节。这也表示你俩关系真的亲密无间。留心他/她令你无法抗拒的可爱迷人之处，并将你的喜爱说出来吧!5. “That looks good on you.”“你看上去帅呆了/美极了。”This is not a revelation, but how many of us forget to acknowledge our loved ones when they are looking good? It is well understood that women apprec

39、iate positive feedback about their appearancebut so do men. He wants to look good and often works hard to get there. How nice to be told sometimes that its working.这句美言众人皆知。可现实中又有多少人真正做到呢?人们都知道女人喜欢别人赞美她的容貌其实男人也是啊。男人也希望自己看上去又帅又酷，并为此不遗余力。有时夸赞这么一句受用哦。6. “You know what? You are right.”“哎，还是你说得对啊。”The ab

40、ility to admit when we are wrong, and give credit to your partner when they are right, is BIG! Its not easy to put our egos aside, but its important to be able to do so, because a relationship is not about winning.承认自己的错误而对方是正确的，这是很了不起的事情!放下自我绝非易事，可这么做却很重要。要知道，恋爱并不是谁赢谁输的问题。7. “I really like your fri

41、ends (or kids or family members).”“我很喜欢你的朋友/小孩/家人。”Most women are communal creatures, and relationships are very important to them. So it means a lot when you say something wonderful about the people she loves. Tell her you think her dad is wise, or one of her kids is especially talented, or her close friend is fun to be with. By complimenting the people closest to your partner, youre affirming them as well.多数女人是群居动物，特看重人际关系。如果你喜欢她身边的人，夸她老爸睿智、孩子聪明、朋友风趣，她会很开心。爱屋及乌，夸她身边的人也让她很有面子呢。