人教版初中英语被动语态课件.ppt

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1、Passive Voice 被动语态羊祜学校孟琪,1,(一)语 态 分 类,英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：be+及物动词的过去分词构成。,2,一.何时使用被动语态,1.不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要,Paper is made from wood.,He was

2、wounded in the fight.,2.需要强调动作的承受者时,Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.,He was awarded first prize in that contest.,3,3.为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语 态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。,The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.,Electricity is used to

3、run machines.,4,Discusion:the active voice 主动语态&the passive voice被动语态,什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？3.主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？,5,什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？,主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态,We study English at school.English is studied by us at school.,我们用木头做家具。那只老鼠被猫抓住了 相机是用来照相的。,Discusion 1:the active voi

4、ce 主动语态&the passive voice被动语态,主动语态,被动语态,被动语态,6,p.t.,Discusion 2:the active voice 主动语态&the passive voice被动语态,7,We call the doctor.People dont play football here.The truck was cleaned yesterday.,Decide if these sentences are active or passive.,Mr Chen teaches us English.The classroom was cleaned.,acti

5、ve,active,passive,active,passive,8,Exercise：,1.The key _for locking the classroom door.A.uses B.is used C.is using D.use2.A new school _over there two years ago.A.built B.was built C.build D.builds3.The lost child _ on October 7,1998.A.was found B.is found C.found D.find4.A talk on Chinese history_i

6、n the school hall yesterday.A.is given B.give C.was given D.gave,B,B,A,C,9,by many students.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,10,主动语态变被动语态的方法,by the teacher.,3.The teacher often asks him question

7、s.,He,is asked,questions,11,1.主动语态中的宾语转换为被动语态中的主语,2.主动语态中的动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词,3.主动语态中的主语如果需要放在by后面,4.其他成分 保持不变,主动变被动解题步骤,Thomas Edison invented the light bulb in 1897.,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison in 1897,主语,谓语,by+动作实施者,状语,12,They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homew

8、ork in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,13,1.They make shoes in that factory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Sh

9、oes are made(by them)in that factory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,14,2.They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought(by them)last term.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,15,3Amy can take good care of Gina,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,16,4.They will

10、 finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词,17,5.Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词,18,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：S+h

11、ave/has+been+过去分词,19,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词,20,1.They play basketball in their school.(改为被动语态)Basketball_ _in their school by them.,is played,2.The naughty boy broke the window.The window _ _ by the

12、naughty boy.3.People speak English all over the world.English _ _ by people all over the world.,Exercise：,was broken,is spoken,21,Exercise：translate the following sentences,这些照片是上星期拍的。这本书是鲁迅写的。史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。长江也叫扬子江。,These photos were taken last week.,This book was written by Lu Xun.,The Smiths were

13、invited to the party.,The Changjiang River is also called theYangteze River.,22,Summary：,什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？3.主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？,23,被动语态:我们知道,被动语态是由be+done(动词的过去分词)构成的被动语态构成比较,24,1.I washed my clothes once a day.,My clothes was washed(by me)once a day.,I was washed my clothes

14、once a day.,X,2.They took Jim to the hospital.,3.Tom closed the shop just now.,They was took Jim to the hospital.,Jim was taken to the hospital by them.,The shop closed Tom just now.,The shop was closed(by Tom)just now.,X,X,25,2 含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。,（1）将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。,They call her XiaoLi.She is called Xi

15、aoLi.,（2)make,let,have,hear,watch,see,feel,notice.H 既动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不 加to,变为被动,必须加to.,My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.,I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young.,26,I heard her move about in her room upstairslast night.,She was heard to move about in he

16、r roomuptairs last night.,Did you see Jack take away the magazine?,Was Jack seen to take away the magazine?,3.情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+be+p.p.构成,They can not find him.,He can not be found.,You must pay me for this.,I must be paid for this.,27,4.有些动词用主动形式表被动含义.,The goods sells well.The door cant open.,5.有些词如w

17、ant,need,require和 be worth后面 v-ing形式 为主动，意义为被动。,The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.,The book is worth reading.,6.主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使 用形式替代 词it.,We know that Britain is an island country.,Its known that Britain is an island country.,28,7.据说类动词：,say,consider,think,report,know,believe,suggest,unders

18、tand,hope,etc.,如：It is said that There is said to be Sth./Sb.is said to,29,8.主动形式表被动,感官动词：sound,taste,smell,fell,look,seem等主语是物时；,一些vi主动形式表被动含义,open,close,shut,read,write,translate,wash,clean,lock,sell,wear,cut,cook,eat,weigh,drink,pay,draw,etc.,30,不定式to blame,to let（出租）作表语时，主动形式表被动含义 You are to blame.The house is to let.,表（sth）需要的need,want,require等后的动名词用 主动形式表被动含义,The house needs/wants/require repairing,31,be worth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义,The book is worth reading.,32,Thank you,33,