大学英语四六级长难句分析(蒋春容)ppt课件.pptx

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1、大学英语四六级长难句分析,蒋春容,词汇要求,1.题干中的关键词有50%能在原文中找到，还有一小部分是同义词替换。（定位原文）08.1 65 refine the story-correct the story2.定位原文后，不一定能直接找到答案，很多时候是同义替换。A背高频词汇（复用单词 一词多义一词多性）B。加强同义替换意识 同义替换的重要性:1.找出答案位置需要同义替换意识 2.得出正确答案需要同义替换意识,Example:,The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs,such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mar

2、t Stores Inc.,has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worthQ.it seems that the controversy over the values of MBA degrees has been fueled by _.Controversy-debate fueled-inspired,2.Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged _.原文：,people

3、were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy.Answer:to give up their former way of life,四六级真题长难句分析,一、基本的长难句 1.断开 2.简化二、特殊结构的长难句 1.分裂结构 2.嵌套结构 3.平行结构,But this is a real-life argument before a Supreme Court that has a well-earned reputation for looking out for the

4、 interests of large corporations.,(CET-6,201312 仔细阅读2),1.断开：连接词断开，结束于标点,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,(CET-6,201312 仔细阅读2),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于标点,But this is a real-life argument before a Supreme Court that has a well-earnedreputation for looking out for the interests of large corporations.,(CET-4

5、,201412 仔细阅读1),If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children,it cant really achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up.,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于标点,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于标点,If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children,it cant rea

6、lly achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up.,(CET-4,201412 仔细阅读1),More than half of all recent graduates are unemployed or in jobs that do not require a degree,and the amount of student-loan debt carried by households has increased more thanfive times since 19

7、99.,(CET-4,201312 长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于标点,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于标点,More than half of all recent graduates areunemployed or in jobs that do not require a degree,and the amount of student-loan debtcarried by households has increased more than five times since 1999.,(CET-4,

8、201312 长篇阅读),Imagine the number of teaching jobs that might be eliminated if this could be done for math,economics,chemistry,and so on.(CET-6,201406长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于下一个连接词前,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于下一个连接词前,Imagine the number of teaching jobs that might be eliminated if

9、this could be done for math,economics,chemistry,and so on.(CET-6,201406长篇阅读),Although it has been nearly 30 years since the firs commercial mobile-phone network was launched,advertisers have yet to figure out how to get their messages out to mobile-phone users in a big way.,(CET-4,201312 选词填空),四六级真题

10、长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于下一个连接词前,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于下一个连接词前,Although it has been nearly 30 years since the first commercial mobile-phone network was launched,advertisers have yet to figure out how to get their messages out to mobile-phone users in a big way.(CET-4,201312 选词填空),Those

11、 who stay on for an additional two yearscan earn a masters degree that qualifies them as nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists.,(CET-4,201312 选词填空),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于第二个谓语动词前,Those who stay on for an additional two years can earn a masters degree that qualifies them as nur

12、se practitioners or clinical nurse specialists.,(CET-4,201312 选词填空),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于第二个谓语动词前,People who score on personality tests as more sympathetic cry more than those who are more rigid or have more self-control.(CET-4,201406 长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于第二个谓语动词前,Peopl

13、e who score on personality tests as more sympathetic cry more than those who are more rigid or have more self-control.(CET-4,201406 长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于第二个谓语动词前,Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce,American women who choose to be employed are far more likely t

14、o work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.,(CET-6,201406长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于第二个谓语动词前,Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce,American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs

15、 as managers orprofessionals.,(CET-6,201406长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句,1.断开：连接词断开，结束于第二个谓语动词前,This is the best movie I have seen.This is the best movie I have seen.This is the best movie I have seen.,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句1.断开：分析主谓,主 谓,主 谓,The present he gave me was very amazing.,主 谓,主 谓,Some scientists ma

16、intain that the changes weare seeing fall within the range of random variation,(CET-4,201406 选词填空),基本结构的长难句1.断开：分析主谓,Some scientists maintain that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random variation,(CET-4,201406 选词填空),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句1.断开：分析主谓,主 谓,主 谓,(CET-6,201312 仔细阅读1),1.断开：分析主

17、谓,When these students encounter a newproblem of the same type on a test,theyre able to transfer the knowledge theyv gathered more effectively than those who were the passive recipients of someoneelses expertise.,(CET-6,201312 仔细阅读1),When these students encounter a new problem of the same type on a t

18、est,theyre able to transfer the knowledge theyve gatheredmore effectively than those Who were the passive recipients of someone elses expertise.,四六级真题长难句分析,一、基本的长难句 1.断开 2.简化,修饰成分有：形容词、副词 介词短语 非谓语动词（doing/done/to do)冠词、数词非限定性定语从句,2.简化：去修饰 留核心,Over the past few months it has been working hard,with th

19、e help of media consultants,to play down its cosy reputation in favour of something more academic and serious.(CET-6,201412仔细阅读2),2.简化：去修饰 留核心,Over the past few months it has been working hard,with the help of media consultants,to play down its cosy reputation in favour of something more academic an

20、d serious.(CET-6,201412仔细阅读2),2.简化：去修饰 留核心,Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned oneshandwritten on vellum,which comes from Sheepskin.(CET-4,201406 长篇阅读),2.简化：去修饰 留核心,Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically re

21、duced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum,which comes from Sheepskin.(CET-4,201406 长篇阅读),2.简化：去修饰 留核心,A generation ago,female faces were rare and,even today,visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will see a full corridor of exhibi

22、ts honoring the many distinguished physicists who made history here,virtually all of them white males.,(CET-4,201312 选词填空),2.简化：去修饰 留核心,A generation ago,female faces were rare and,even today,visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will see a full corridor of exhibits honoring the ma

23、ny distinguished physicists who made history here,virtually all of them white males.,(CET-4,201312 选词填空),2.简化：去修饰 留核心,The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions

24、 in quicker,more visible,and much more damaging ways.,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：断开+简化,The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker,more visible,and much more

25、damaging ways.,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：断开+简化,四六级真题长难句分析,二、特殊结构的长难句 1.分裂结构 2.嵌套结构 3.平行结构,There is growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenueas well as the cultural,academic and economic benefit international students bringis being put at risk.(CET-4,201312 仔细阅读2),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：分裂结构,There i

26、s growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenueas well as the cultural,academic and economic benefit internationalstudents bringis being put at risk.(CET-4,201312 仔细阅读2),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：分裂结构,Among the governments most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their c

27、hildren.(CET-6,201312 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：嵌套结构,Among the governments most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children.(CET-6,201312 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：嵌套结构,A survey of 439 medical technicians found that 55 percent of technicians who monitor bypass mach

28、ines acknowledged that they had talked on cellphones during heart surgery.(CET-4,201406 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：嵌套结构,A survey of 439 medical technicians found that 55 percent of technicians who monitor bypass machines acknowledged that they had talked on cellphones during heart surgery.(CET-4,2014

29、06 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：嵌套结构,定语从句,宾语从句,The English,the Germans,the Dutch and the French were investing in Britains former colony.,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：平行结构,Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society,become innovative leaders,and benefit

30、 from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.(CET-4,201406 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：平行结构,Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can1 participate effectively in our democratic society,2 become innovative leaders,3 and benefit from the

31、 spiritual enrichment thatthe reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.,(CET-4,201406 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：平行结构,Several hours after a meal,peoples hunger levels were predicted not by how much theyd eaten but rather by how much food theyd seenin front of them,(CET-4,201312 仔细阅

32、读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：平行结构,基本结构的长难句：平行结构,Several hours after a meal,peoples hunger levels were predicted1.not by how much theyd eaten2.but rather by how much food theyd seen in front of them(CET-4,201312 仔细阅读1),But brains are the superior choice when you want information to change,in interesting an

33、d useful ways:to connect up with other facts and ideas,to acquire successive layers of meaning,to steep for a while in your accumulated knowledge and experience.(CET-6,201406仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：平行结构,But brains are the superior choice when you want information to change,in interesting and usefu

34、l ways:1.to connect up with other facts and ideas,2.to acquire successive layers of meaning,3.to steep for a while in your accumulated knowledge and experience.,四六级真题长难句分析基本结构的长难句：平行结构,Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based ed

35、ucation that has taught them to write well,think critically,research creatively and communicate easily.(CET-4,201406 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析长难句综合运用,Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that hastaught them to write well,t

36、hink critically,research creatively and communicate easily.(CET-4,201406 仔细阅读1),四六级真题长难句分析长难句综合运用,Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based educationthat has taught them to1.write well,2.think critically,3.research creatively4.an

37、d communicate easily.,长难句综合运用,Cole and Fredrickson found that people who are happy but have little to no sense of meaning in their lives have the same gene expression patterns as people who are responding to and enduring chronic adversity.(CET-6,201412长篇阅读),长难句综合运用,Cole and Fredrickson found that pe

38、ople who are happy but have little to no sense of meaning in their lives have the same gene expression patterns as people who are responding to and enduring chronic adversity.(CET-6,201412长篇阅读),四六级真题长难句分析长难句综合运用,长难句常涉及的类型,1.双重否定句 负负得正，把两个表示否定的结构都去掉。No,not,hardly,seldom,never little,few,small 应注意的词根词

39、缀 de-/dis-/un-/in-There are probably no questions(that)we can think up that cant be answered,sooner or later,including even the matter of consciousness.Answer:Man can find solutions sooner or later to whatever questions concerning nature he can think up.,长难句常涉及的类型,2.分词做状语类（主干，现在分词、过去分词）Eg.1 Motivate

40、d in part by Christian compassion for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement,Chancellor Bismarck created the worlds first workers compensation law in 1884.Motivated by-Chancellor（总理 大臣）BismarkQ:The worlds first compensation law w

41、as introduced by Bismark _Answer:out of religious and political considerations.,解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。,长难句常涉及的类型,3.定语从句类规律：找真正的谓语动词时，如果定语从句修饰主语，找第二个可以做谓语的动词，第一个是属于定语从句的谓语动词。Tips.先括出定语从句部分，跳出从句，抓住主干再解题。,长难句常涉及的类型,4.倒装句类类型 1）only/not only/nor/neither在句首2）介词短语在句首 较难Example:A

42、long with them goes social mobility,ambition to rise in the urban world,a main factor in bringing down the births in Europe in the 19th century.找主语 along with-prep them-objective form so,social mobility 后面两个同位语Tips:分析词性找出谓语与主语，将主语调至谓语之前再理解文章。,长难句涉及的类型,5.强调句型 It isthat 应对方法：多训练，熟悉句式，把读到过的四级文章中的所有的看不懂的长难句全部总结起来，摘抄到一个本子上面，翻译。当翻译到100句的时候，会发现长难句不过那么五六种。当看到101句的时候，你会马上给它归类。,