动名词的用法ppt课件.ppt
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1、,WELCOME!,Module One,语法点的讲练,动名词,Grammar,3,什么是非谓 语动词啊?,“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!,那不是谓语是什么呢?,。,谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。e.g.He works.He takes care of the baby.He will go to Shanghai.He didnt go to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.You are students.You look smart.,单谓语或动词短语,情态动词/助动词+v.,系动词+表语,概念:
2、,非谓语动词:,是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分.,一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下,其它动词需用非谓语动词形式,使用条件:,Eg:She got off the bus,left her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus,but leaving her handbag on her seat.,leaving,left,非谓语动词,动名词,分词,现在分词,过去分词,动词不定式,动名词的定义,它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing,动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、
3、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。,动名词的时态和语态的基本形式:(以write为例),注意:动名词的否定形式是:not writing/not having written,V-ing形式的构成方式:,1.在一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加词尾 ing。eg.go going;do doing;ask asking;read-reading study studying;carry carrying;fly flying;worry worrying;2.在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后,去掉e,再加-ing。e coming live living dance dancing mak
4、e making 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词,而末尾只有一个辅音字母时,将这个辅音字母双写(x除外),然后再加 ing.sit sitting;run running;begin beginning;forget forgetting 4.在少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词后:须将ie 变作y,再加-ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明)eg.die dying;tie tying lie lying,动名词能在句中充当什么成分?,动名词的基本用法,用作主语所表动作比较抽象,或者泛指习惯性的动作。Playing with fire is dangerous.(泛指)/To
5、 play with fire in this room is very fangerous.(表具体一次动作)Climbing mountains is really fun.注意:动名词做主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。1)It is no use/good/useless+doing2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。Its no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收)There is no joking about the
6、matter.It is fun playing with children.和孩子们一起玩真好。,2.用作宾语,1)作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动有:advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,appreciate,dislike,finish,imagine,include,keep,keep on,mind,miss,delay,practise,resist,suggest,.give up,cannot help depend on,think about,set about,succee
7、d in,worry about,burst out,insist on,cant stand,be used to,get used to,devoteto,look forward to,pay attention to,get down to等。如:1.Thebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrates.2.It is better for you to practise speaking English every day.I found it pleasant walking along the seashore.在海滩上走真是乐事。,为了便于记忆
8、,特归纳如下:,后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜:,避免,错过,(少)延期建议,完成,(多)练习喜欢,想象,禁不住承认,否定,(又)妒忌逃避,冒险,(多)原谅忍受,保持,(不)介意,avoid,miss,postpone/put off,suggest,finish,practice,enjoy,imagine,cant help,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mind,2)作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall
9、 we have a rest or get down to _(do)our work?我们休息呢还是开始干活?Despite they lack money,his parents sent him to a good university.He was late again because of _(get)up late.Lock the doors and windows before go out.What/How about the two of us_(play)games?,doing,lacking,getting,going,playing,注意:to 在下列短语中是介词
10、,常跟动名词作宾语。be/get used to look forward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself to lead to contribute to object to(反对)turn to see to stick toEg:1.Lets get down to preparing for the exam.2.Most of us know we should cut down on fat,but knowing such things isnt of much help when it comes to shop a
11、nd eat.,shopping,eating,动名词用在下列词组后作宾语:give up,cant help,feel like,be worth,be busy,set about,put off,think of,insist on等 1.She cant help crying at the sad sight.试比较:I am so busy and I cant help clean the room now.2.Do you feel like having a break?试比较:I would like to have a cup of tea now.既可接动名词又可接不定
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