初中讲一般过去时ppt课件.ppt

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1、一般过去时态,什么是一般过去时？,动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。,行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。,I _ 12 years old this year.,我去年11岁.,I _ 11 years old last year.,He _ in Beijing now.,他昨天在上海。,He _ in Shanghai yesterday.,他现在在北京。,Please look at the sentences,我今年12岁.,am,was,is,was,They _ in China today.,他们今天在中国。,They _ in Japan

2、yesterday.,他们昨天在日本。,are,were,am/is,was,are,were,每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。,I _ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.,昨天，早餐我吃面条。,I _ noodles for breakfast yesterday morning.,他每天都吃水果。,He _ fruit every day.,昨天他吃了3个苹果。,He _ 3 apples yesterday.,have/has,had,have,has,had,had,I get up at 6:30 every morning.I _ up

3、at 9:00 last Sunday.,He plays football every afternoon.He _ basketball yesterday afternoon.,He does his homework every evening.He _ some reading last night.,动词原形、第三人称单数,动词过去式,got,played,did,They dont watch TV in the evening.They _ TV last night.,She doesnt play basketball after school.She _ basketba

4、ll after school yesterday.,Do you go to school on foot every day?_ you _ to school on foot yesterday.,Does he go to school by bus every day?_ he _to school by bus yesterday?,dont/doesnt,do/does,didnt,did,didnt watch,didnt play,Did,Did,go,go,谓语构成,1.动词 be2.动词 have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式,was,were,ha

5、d,did,一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外),I went to school yesterday.They went to school yesterday.,一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成,规则变化1.一般加ed,2.以e结尾加d,3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.,work,worked,change,changed,prefer,preferred,stop,stopped,4.以辅音字母加y 结尾的词,先改 y为 i,再加ed,study,studied,5.不规则变化.(见不规则动词表P102

6、),规则动词过去式-ed的发音,1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/,work/w3:k/,ed,t/,2.在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/,play/pleI/,live/lIv/,ed,d/,ed,d/,3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/,visit/vIzIt/,ed,Id/,finished enjoyedshoutedmoved,helped wantedcalled needed,/t/,/d/,/Id/,/d/,/d/,/t/,/Id/,/Id/,1 一般过去时的构成 一般过去时是用动词的过去式来表示。His words fe

7、tched a laugh from all present.他的话使在场的人都笑了。I did not sleep well last night.我昨晚没睡好。Did you direct the tourist to the hotel?你告诉这位游客去旅馆的路了吗？,1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态 He suddenly fell ill yesterday.昨天他突然生病了。The engine stopped because the fuel was used up.发动机因燃料用光而停机了。注意：在一般过去时的句子中，通常都要有表示过去的时间状语。,用法,【误】I

8、 visited the Palace Museum.（在没有上下文的情况下，应避免这样说）【正】I visited the Palace Museum last year.去年我参观过故宫博物院。【正】I have visited the Palace Museum.,2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作和存在的状态,常与often，always等表示频度的时间状语连用：,I often got up very early at that time.,I wrote home once a week at college.我上大学时每周给家里写一封信。He was already in the

9、habit of reading widely in his boyhood.他童年时就养成了广泛阅读的习惯。,提示：表示过去的习惯性动作，除了用过去式外，还可以用used to或would来表示。She used to study late into the night when she was in Senior Three.她上高三时经常学习到深夜。He would sit for hours doing nothing.过去他常常一坐几个钟头什么事也不做。,3.表示已故人所做的事情。,Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life.雷锋同志做了一

10、生的好事。,4.表示过去连续所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。,Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning,dressed,had breakfast,and went to work.,She entered the room,picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully.她走进房间，拿起一本杂志，认真地翻阅了起来。The students got up early in the morning,did morning

11、 exercises and then read English aloud in the open air.学生们很早起床，做早操，然后在室外朗读英语。,一般过去时的特殊用法：a.在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态 Its time we went.是我们该走的时候了。I wish I were twenty years younger.但愿我年轻20岁。I would rather you didnt do anything for the time being.我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。b.在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气。I wondered if you could

12、 give me a hand.我想请你帮个忙。Might I come and see you tonight?我想今晚来看你，好吗？,1.与ago 连用：a momenttwo minutesthree hoursfive daysone weeksix monthsfour years,ago,用于一般过去时的时间状语,last,timenightweekmonthtermMonday,yesterday,morningafternoonevening,the day before yesterday,2.与last 连用,3.与yesterday 连用：,4.与one 连用：,one,

13、morningevening dayMonday afternoon,5.与that 连用：,that,morningwinterdayyear,just nowin the old daysin those daysin 1980the other dayonce upon a time,6.其他时间状语：,行为动词一般过去时的否定式,一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词did not(didnt).,主语+didnt+动词原形,I _ them the news.,I _(tell)them the news yesterday.,didnt tell,told,行为动词一般过去时的疑

14、问式,一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词did,Did+主语+动词原形？,They _(finish)their work at four.一般疑问句:,_ they _ their work at four?Yes,they _.No,they _.,finished,Did,finish,did,didnt,T,注意,1.外加助动词did后,动词须返回原形。,Did he went to school yesterday?Did he go to school yesterday?,F,2.简略回答用助动词did/didnt代替行为动词。,Did he find the boy yest

15、erday?Yes,he did.No,he did not(didnt).,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的特殊疑问式,疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？,They finished their work at four.,A,B,对划线部分提问A:B:,What did they do at four?,When did they finish their work?,一般现在时和一般过去时的比较：一般现在时要和现在时间相联系，而一般过去时和说话的“现在”不相联系。His father is a film director.他父亲是电影导演。（他现在还是）His father was

16、 a film director.他父亲曾是电影导演。（他现在不是）How do you like the novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样？（还在看小说）How did you like the novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样？（已看完小说）,1.look2.live3.stop 4.hope5.trip 6.call 7.eat 8.want 9.Say10.See11.put,12.read13.take14.buy 15.Sing16.Hear17.Make18.Find19.break20.Think,21.fall 22.write,写出下列动词的过去式,1.look2.live

17、3.stop 4.hope5.trip 6.call 7.eat 8.want 9.Say10.see,11.put12.read13.take14.buy 15.Sing16.Hear17.Make18.Find19.break20.think,looked,lived,stopped,hoped,tripped,ate,wanted,said,saw,put,read,took,called,bought,sang,heard,made,found,broke,thought,The answers:,21.fall 22.write,fell,wrote,Exercises,1.I _

18、the number down on a piece of paper a moment ago.A.write B.writed C.wrote D.writing2.Everything _ ready before Father came.A.were B.was C.is D.are,3.He always _me last term.A.helped B.helps C.helping D.help,_ you _(remember)to buy the oranges?2.Who _(invent)the computer.3.We _(go)to the cinema last

19、night.The film _(be)very good.4.What time _ you _(get)to school this morning?5.Jim _(do)a lot yesterday.He _(go)shopping and _(cook)supper.,用动词的适当时态填空,6.He usually _(get)up at 6 in the morning.Look!He _(get)up now.But yesterday he _(get)up very late,so he _(go)to school late.He _(be)late for school.

20、,1.Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2.He found some meat in the fridge.(变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3.She stayed there for a week.(对划线部分提问)_ _ _ she _ there?4.There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup?,didnt do,Did,find any,How long did,stay,Was,any,