初中被动语态ppt课件(定稿).ppt

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1、被 动 语 态,寿春中学,How to describe the pictures,The river was seriously polluted.,Some trees were cut down.,语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。,英语语态,被动语态的构成,由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。,water,watered watered,

2、use,used used,study,studied studied,stop,stopped stopped,do,did done,ride,rode ridden,For example,find,found found,make,made made,build,built built,sweep,swept swept,take,took taken,buy,bought bought,have,had had,sing,sang sung,tell,told told,give,gave given,英语的谓语动词有两种语态,We speak English.,主语,谓语,宾语,E

3、nglish is spoken by us.,主语,谓语,宾语,宾变主,主变宾,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp,主动语态,被动语态,主变被解题步骤:,1.找宾语-即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2.判断宾语的单复数-即be动词的单复数.,arewere,3.判断动词的时态-即be动词的时态.,4.修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5.修改原句的主语-即by+主语/宾语.,by them.,1.一般现在时am/is/are+done,We clean the classroom every day.Th

4、e classroom is cleaned by us every day.,She waters the flowers every day.,The flowers,What does she do every day?,every day.,are watered,by her,They do their homework after school.,Their homework is done by them after school.,He plays basketball every week.,Basketball is played by him every week.,My

5、 mother sweeps the floor every day.,The floor is swept by my mother every day.,I bought a computer last term,A computer was bought(by me)last term.,2.一般过去时was/were+done,He put on a coat.A coat was put on by him.,Jim rode the motorbike to his factory yesterday.,The motorbike was ridden to his factory

6、 yesterday.,They had an evening party last week.,An evening party was had last week.,The Great Wall was built by Chinese people many years ago.,Chinese people built the Great Wall many years ago.,The students planted many trees yesterday.,Many trees were planted by the students yesterday.,3.现在进行时:am

7、/is/are+being+V(p.p)Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now.,I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.,4.过去进行时：was/were+being+v(p.p),5.一般将来时 shall/will/be going to+be done,He is going to write a let

8、ter to his mother.A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.,send to,hospital,right now,a talk,give,soon,They will be sent to the hospital right now.,A talk will be given soon.,I _(not invite)to tomorrows wedding.,wont be invited,will not be done 否定结构,Dogs will not be allowed to enter you

9、r classroom.,allow,smoking,stadium,allow,Smoking will not be allowed in the stadium.,6.现在完成时has/have+been done,Jim has finished the work.The work has been finished by Jim.,7.含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should等情态动词+be+done,I can find him.He can be found by me.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some be

10、autiful songs can be sung by them.,He can carry the basket.,The basket can be carried by him.,Ann can take good care of the cats,The cats can be taken good care of by Ann.,We should clean the classroom every day.,The classroom should be cleaned by us every day.,Our students mustnt smoke cigarettes.,

11、Cigarettes mustnt be smoked by our students.,小结：各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should等+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+done,Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given

12、in the brackets.,The bridge(build)last year.The Olympic Games(hold)every four years.The problem(discuss)at the meeting now.His new book(publish)next month.The classroom(not clean)yet.,was built,are held,is being discussed,will be published,has not been cleaned,Homework:,Read text-1,6.The machine(rep

13、air)at this time yesterday.7.She said the report(type)by Li Mei for two weeks.8.Miss Li said the book(give)to the students the next morning.9.By the end of next term two thousand English words(learn).10.He said the project.(finish)by 2010.,was being repaired,had been typed,would be given,will have b

14、een learned,would have been finished,Goodbye,Thank you!,被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。(动词后的介词不可省）e.g.The students listen to the teacher carefully in class.被动句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.e.g.They look after the new students in the school.被动句：The new st

15、udents are looked after by them in the school.,2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”。（即：主动省to，被动加上to。）e.g.They make us do all the work.被动句：We are made to do all the work by them.e.g.We often hear her sing songs.被动句：She is often heard to sing songs by us.e.g.I saw him walk to school.被动句：H

16、e was seen to walk to school by me.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（常考词有：make,see,hear,feel,watch,notice 等。),3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有:give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell 常见加for的动词有:make,buy draw,e.g.He gives me a f

17、lower everyday.被动1：I am given a flower by him everyday.被动2：A flower is given to me by him everyday.e.g.My mother bought me a computer.被动1：I was bought a computer by my mother.被动2：A computer was bought for me by my mother.,4.系动词没有被动形式，主动形式表被动意义。常见的有taste（尝起来），sound（听起来），feel（摸起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）

18、等.例如：1)The apple tastes good.2)The song sounds gentle.,5.有些动词如:sell（卖），wash（洗），write(写）等与副词well（好），easily（容易地）等连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动。例如：1)The coat washes easily.2)The books sell well,Homework:1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy ten books

19、 tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.,Exercises:1.If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have toB are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2.The fifth gener

20、ation computers,_and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed C.are being developed D.will have been developed3.-_ the sports meet might be put off-Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told,A,C,A,4.I need one more stamp before my collection _.A.has completed B

21、.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 5.Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 6.The new bridge _ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.wou

22、ld be designed7.When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had been broken,D,C,B,C,8.Great changes _ in the city,and a lot of factories _.A.have been taken place;have been set up B.have taken place;have been set upC.have taken place;have set

23、 up D.were taken place;were set up9.That suit _ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed D.cost10.-Look!Everything here is under construction.-Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 11.-Do you like the cloth?-Yes,it _ very soft.A.i

24、s feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt,B,D,A,C,12.It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13.I have no more letters _，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed14.Take care!Dont drop the ink on your shirt,for it _ easily.A.wont wash out B.wont be wa

25、shed out C.isnt washed out D.isnt washing out15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go out,B,C,A,D,16.The computers on the table _ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to17.-What do you thin

26、k of the book?-Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read18.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch 19.This page needed _ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 20._ many times,the

27、boy still didnt know how to do it.A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,Tom broke the window.The window was broken by Tom.,Tom broke the windows.The windows were broken by Tom.,He broke the windows.The windows were broken by him.,Fill in the blanks with the proper form o

28、f the words given in the brackets.,The bridge(build)last year.The Olympic Games(hold)every four years.The problem(discuss)at the meeting now.His new book(publish)next month.The classroom(not clean)yet.,was built,are held,is being discussed,will be published,has not been cleaned,Read text-1,6.The mac

29、hine(repair)at this time yesterday.7.She said the report(type)by Li Mei for two weeks.8.Miss Li said the book(give)to the students the next morning.9.By the end of next term two thousand English words(learn).10.He said the project.(finish)by 2010.,was being repaired,had been typed,would be given,wil

30、l have been learned,would have been finished,被动语态,The Passive Voice,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,His brother washes face every day.,主,谓,宾,Face,is washed,(by,his brother),every day.,1.一般现在时的被动语态：,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes are m

31、ade(by them)in that factory.结构：am/is/are+过去分词,Exercises:1)They play football on Sunday.2)Lucy does the homework in the evening.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yester

32、day.,3.一般过去时：was/were+V.(p.p),Exercises:They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finishe

33、d(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：will+be+过去分词,4.一般将来时：,Exercises:We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.,A sports meeting will be had(by us)next week.,Some photos will be taken(by children)in the schoolyard tomorrow.,5含有情态动词的：情态动词+be+过去分词Amy can

34、take good care of Gina,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.,1)He can take care of the baby.2)Lucy may draw the pictures.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,Exercises:,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时:have/has+been+V.(p.p

35、),8.现在完成时：,1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,练习：1.Many people speak English.2.They made computers in the U.S.A.

36、3.People used knives for cutting things.4.People used metal for making machines.5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.6.They speak English in Canada.,7.They write business letters in English.8.They grow rice in South China.9.They plant many trees in North China.10.Lu Xun wrote this book.11.The

37、workers built some bridges.12.We can use the box as a table.13.We should clean the classroom everyday,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.2.The mother looked after the baby in the room.3.We took care of the things.4.They gave us some work.5.The boy made them laugh all the time.6.M

38、y mother buys me a bike.,下列时态的被动语态构成 1.Lucy is watering the trees.2.The boy was mending his bike.3.We have finished our compositions.,看一看 想一想,The Passive Voice,made by LiQin,She waters the flowers every day.,The flowers,What does she do every day?,every day.,are watered,by her,They do their homework

39、 after school.,Their homework is done by them after school.,He plays basketball every week.,Basketball is played by him every week.,My mother sweeps the floor every day.,The floor is swept by my mother every day.,jacket,The jacket is used for keeping warm.,The jacket is made in Guangzhou.,Guangzhou,

40、keeping warm,Zhengzhou,knives,cutting things,summary,英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.,一般现在时(simple present)：S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词(done),一般过去时(simple past)：S+was/were+过去分词(done),2.I bought a computer last term,A computer was bought(by me)last term.,The light

41、 was invented by Thomas Edison.,invent,Thomas Edison invented the light.,Jim rode the motorbike to his factory yesterday.,The motorbike was ridden to his factory yesterday.,They had an evening party last week.,An evening party was had last week.,The Great Wall was built by Chinese people many years

42、ago.,Chinese people built the Great Wall many years ago.,The students planted many trees yesterday.,Many trees were planted by the students yesterday.,Ask and answer,waterevery dayat homemy grandma,A:When are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered every day.,A:Where are the flowers watered?B:

43、The flowers are watered at home.,A:Who are the flowers watered by?B:The flowers are watered by my grandma.,A:Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day?B:yes,they are.,sweepon weekendsin the kitchenmy mother,When where who,doafter schoolin the classroomthe children,buildlong long agoin

44、BeijingChinese people,buylast weekin NingboMary,1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,七嘴八舌,3.I found the ticket on the floor.

45、_ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,3.We found the ticket on the floor.,5.Last year we built a library in ourschool.A library _ _ in our school last year.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now compute

46、rs _ _ _ to help them.,was built,can be,used,7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamp

47、s.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bik

48、e _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,Have a try,1.The emperor invented tea by accident.2.Many Chinese can speak English.3.They dont wash their clothes every day.4.The boy broke the door of the class.,T

49、ea was invented by the emperor by accident.,English can be spoken by many Chinese.,Their clothes arent washed by them every day.,The door of the class was broken by the boy.,5.We didnt solve the problem.6.Did Mary finish the work?7.His mother shouldnt allow him to wear earrings.8.Should we water the

50、 trees every day?9.We must stop people walking on the grass.,The problem wasnt solved by us.,Was the work finished by Mary?,He shouldnt be allowed to wear earrings by his mother.,Should the trees be watered by us every day?,People must be stopped walking on the grass.,Fill in the blanks:Paper(invent