初中英语宾语从句完全攻略ppt课件.ppt

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1、语法专项复习,Object Clause宾语从句,1.I know him.（简单句）,2.I know who he is.(复合句),_ _ _,主语 谓语 宾语,_ _ _ _ _,主语 谓语 关联词 从句主语 从句谓语,主句 宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I know him.（代词作宾语）I know(that)Mr Li teaches English.(句子作宾语）包含宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句,二、宾语从句三要素,连 接 词,时 态,语 序,（一）连接词

2、,1.陈述句：that2.一般疑问句：whether/if3.特殊疑问句：连接代词who whom whose what which 连接副词when why where how。,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,e.g.I donnt hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无

3、论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时,*当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定或否定），连词由that引导，在句中不作成分，无意义。口语或非正式文体中可省略。,宾语从句中不能省略that的情况：1）主从句有插入语时：It says here,on this sign,that you cant talk loudly.,2）若出现两个及以上宾语从句且有并列连词时：My uncle said(that)he would come and that he would also bring his daughter.,3）当有it 作形式宾语用that 引导时：He finally found it dif

4、ficult that he should finish the work by himself.,由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Ask him _.（他是否能来）2.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,whether(if)he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,*当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if 引导（口语中常用if），在句中意为“是否”，有意义，不能省略。,If 与whether 的区别,I dont know

5、_ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided.,与or not 连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与to do 不定式连用只能用whether,引导主从或表从只能用whether,当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词what,whom whose,which,what及连接副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,when well have a meeti

6、ng,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句：,*Please tell us how soon you will be ready.*Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday?*Would you tell us how long the meeting will last?*I dont k

7、now how far it is to the cinema.,注意：这里could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去。从句时态视情况而定。,（二）语序：陈述句语序,1.She wants to know if there is a bank near here.2.He asked what they are doing.,即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分)1.Is there a bank near here?She wants to know.2.What Are they doing?He asked.,（三）时态(时态一致性）1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从 句的时态根据具体

8、情况来确定，可以是_时态。I dont think(that)you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr.Smith moved here?,任 何,过去,2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.She said that

9、 she was doing exercises at 8:00Tom said he had eaten lunch just now.,3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,定义、定理，公理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用 _ 时态。例如：The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.Mr.Hu have told us that A friend in need is a friend indeed.,一般现在,四、否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,su

10、ppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(1)I dont think he will come with you.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(2)I dont believe he has finished the work,_?(3)He knew why Jim wasnt at school,_?解析：例2，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾 语从句的主语充当。例3，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语 由主句的主语充当。,has he,didnt he,五、复合句：（连接词+

11、宾语从句）,简单句：（连接词+to do sth）,*I dont know what I should do next.*she didnt decide which one she could choose.*Can you tell me how I can get to the station?*He doesnt know when he will leave.,I dont know what to do next.,She didnt decide which one to choose.,Can you tell me how to get to the station?,He

12、 doesnt know when to leave.,六、直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,陈述句变为引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.He said,“You are younger than I”.2.He says,“Tom is a good student”.,He said that I was younger than him.,He says that Tom is a good student.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,e.g.She said,“Do you often come here to read new

13、spaper?”“Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked.,She asked if(whether)I often came here to read newspaper.,He asked if(whether)they would go visit the Great Wall.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,e.g.1.He asked,“Where do you live?”2.“How can we get to the post-office?”he asked.,He asked where I lived.,He a

14、sked how they could get to the post-office.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语 从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.,注 意：,Do you know _?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she

15、 lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will do,C,B,巩固练习：,I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。,3.The young man asked _ its summer of winter.A.either B.that C.weather D.whether4.We dont know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which5.The teacher

16、 asks us _ Jim can come back soon.A.that B.if C.when D.what time6.Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A.if B.where C.whether D.that7.I wonder _ he is crying now.A.that B.why C.how D.when,D,A,B,C,B,9Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not find _?wh

17、at Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was Lily,C,8.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives here,C,10 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,A.took B.take C.takes D.will take,11 Linda said

18、the moon_ round the earth.,A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled,A,C,12.Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.which,A,13.Could you tell me _?,A.when will they leave Beijing,B.when would they leave Beijing,C.when they will leave Beijing,D.when d

19、id they leave Beijing,C,II.改错：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.,_,Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.,2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.,_,Father told me the sun always rises in the east.,3.He doesnt know that when she can come back.,_,He doesnt know when sh

20、e can come back.,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.I hear he _(return)it already.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)

21、The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)I think you _ about the relay race now.(talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be),will be,goes,were playing,has returned,had been,travels,are talking,were,were doing,10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Miss Wang t

22、old me that the earth _(move)round the earth.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)13.Ling Feng told me he _ to several times.(be)14.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,has taken,has been,rises,did,将下列句子合

23、并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you say at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Does she like to make friends with us?He asks.4.He is doing my homework.He said.5.He will come back.Tom said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will sayat the meeting?,

24、He asked if she likes to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,6.Is he doing his homework?Jim asked.7.When will he come back?Tom asked.8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late?Would you tell me?10.Where is To

25、m?They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,宾 语 从 句 小 结,一.结构1.当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+that+主语+谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+if(whether)+主语+谓语部分3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语部分二主从时态关系 主句 从句一般现在时 一般过去时 3.(特殊):任何时态(客观、自然现象)三.语序：陈述语序,时态不变,时态相应变化,一般现在时,Goodbye!,