浅析生物涂料的开发与应用.docx
《浅析生物涂料的开发与应用.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《浅析生物涂料的开发与应用.docx(46页珍藏版)》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、本科毕业论文浅析生物涂料的开发与应用BIOPAINTS OF DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION 39生物涂料的开发与应用 摘要 在21世纪,国内涂料工业正处于一个技术进步的重要时期。环保法规的强化,推动了涂料产品结构的调整:传统溶剂型涂料逐渐减少,高性能、低污染涂料快速增长;限制重金属颜料在涂料中的应用,促进了低毒性颜料的开发;环保法规的加强,迫使世界各大涂料公司纷纷致力于节能低污染的水性涂料、粉未涂料、高固体分涂料和辐射固化涂料的开发应用。水性涂料和辐射固化涂料等方向发展。 填料是涂料的重要组成部分,是漆膜的重要成膜物质。它不仅给涂料提供了人们所需要的装修色彩,遮盖被涂
2、底层,而且还能改善漆膜的性能,提高漆膜的机械强度和防腐性能,减少漆膜的透气性和透水性,有的还表现出特殊的性能,在涂料的功能化中起到重要作用。同时由于使用体质颜料,还可以节省一些功能过剩的着色颜料,保证涂料的质量,减低涂料的成本。近几年来,材料科学和生物技术的交叉领域的研究越来越受到重视, 而其中的三大研究分枝天然生物材料、生物医用材料、仿生材料倍受人们注目。天然生物材料经过亿万年的进化, 形成了特殊的结构, 具有优异的性能。天然生物材料几乎都是复合材料, 不同材质、不同结构、不同功能的复合使得天然生物材料的特性远远超过单一常规材料,美国、英国、日本等许多国家和我国的一些单位相继投入专门力量进行
3、生物材料的研究。贝壳中含有大量结晶无机物和天然高分子,无机物如碳酸钙和磷酸钙,天然高分子如蛋白质和多糖,将上述天然地无机物连接起来.由于贝壳中的无机相和有机相的特征尺寸在亚微米至纳米级,是一种天然的有机/无机杂化材料,保证了贝壳具有很高的硬度,同时又具有很好的韧性,通常情况填料与聚合物相容性比较差,通过改性可以提高贝壳微粉对涂料有机物的相容性,可以提高涂料的综合性能。1碳酸钙是一种重要的填料,能水解成氢氧化钙,具有化学活性,在底漆中可以降低漆膜的起泡和开裂现象;提高漆膜的附着力,提高漆的防霉能力2。本实验以天然碳酸钙与贝壳粉总量做为不变值,变动天然碳酸钙与贝壳粉的比值,加入一定量的苯丙乳液、助
4、剂、着色颜料和体质颜料、水,通过一定得工艺制的综合性能提高的生物涂料。通过对性能检测比较,从而确定最佳天然碳酸钙与贝壳粉添加量。 通过不同比列的碳酸钙和贝壳粉做为填料添加到苯丙乳液的建筑涂料中,在对粘度、比重、固含量、耐碱性等性能的测定中得出,当贝壳粉添加量为1.2%1.5%时,这种生物涂料的综合性能比没有加贝壳粉的涂料性能有了很大的改善。关键词:生物涂料,贝壳粉,综合性能,最佳值BIOPAINTS OF DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONABSTRACTIn the 21st century, the domestic paint industry is going th
5、rough a important period of technological progress. The strengthening environmental regulations has promoted the adjustment of paint product structure:traditional solvent-based paint has gradually reduced; high performance, low-pollution paint is experiencing rapid growth; limited usage of heavy met
6、al pigments in the coatings has promoted the development of low-toxic paint; the strengthening environmental regulations has forced the worlds paint companies to apply and develop energy-saving low-pollution water coatings, powder coatings, high solid coatings and radiation curable coating. This com
7、panies have developed water coatings and radiation curable coatings as their directions.Filler is an important component of paint, and also is an important film coating material of paint. It not only meets peoples needs of providing the decoration colors, being covered by coating the bottom, but als
8、o improves the performance of the paint film, the films mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, and reduces the films permeability and water permeability. And some of fillers show particular functions, which plays an important role in functional coating. At the same time, as a result of the us
9、e of extender pigment, it can also save some excess coloring pigment, ensure the quality of paint, and reduce the cost of paint. In recent years, the research on the cross field between material science and biotechnology has gained much attention, in which the three branches-natural biological mater
10、ials, bio-medical materials, bio-mimetic materials are the main focus. Natural biological materials, after hundreds of millions of years evolution, have formed a special structure, with excellent performance. Almost all the natural biological materials are compound materials. The composition of diff
11、erent materials, different structures and different functions makes the characteristics of natural biological materials far superior to a single conventional material. Some bureaus in the United States, Britain, Japan, our country and many other countries have devoted special efforts to researching
12、on biological materials in succession. Shell contains a large number of crystalline inorganic substances and natural polymers, inorganic substances like calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate, natural polymers like proteins and polysaccharides, so shell connects the above-mentioned natural inorgani
13、c substances. As the size of inorganic phase and organic phase in shell changes from the sub-micron to nanometer, it is a natural organic / inorganic hybrid materials which ensures that the shell has a high degree of hardness, while at the same time has good toughness. Usually, filler has a relative
14、ly poor compatibility with polymer, but through modification, compatibility can be improved between shell powder and the organic coating, and the overall performance of coating can be improved too.Calcium carbonate is an important filler, which can be hydrolyzed into hydrated lime with chemical acti
15、vity. In the primer coating,it can reduce the phenomenon of bubbling and cracking improve adhesion of paint film, and improve the ability to efficacy of antimicrobial ,In this paper ,keeping the total amount of natural calcium carbonate and shell powder is the same, but changing the ratio of natural
16、 calcium carbonate to shell powder, this experiment is added a certain amount of styrene-acrylic emulsion, accessory ingredient, coloring pigment, extender pigment and water to improve the overall performance of the biological coating through certain process conditions. After the comparison of perfo
17、rmance testing, this experiment can determine the best amount of natural calcium carbonate and shell powder. After analysing different ratioes of calcium carbonate to shell powder as a filler added to the styrene-acrylic emulsion, and testing the performance in the viscosity, specific gravity, solid
18、 content ,alkali resistance and so on, it comes to the conclusion that when its adding shell powder is 1.2% -1.5%, the integrated performance of biological coating has a greater improvement than that of the coating without shell powder.KEYWORDS:biopaints,shell power,integrated function,the best amou
19、nt目录摘要I摘要(英文)III绪论11涂料及贝壳分发展概述11.1涂料发展趋势述11.2贝壳污染及贝壳应用研究的现状21.2.1贝壳引起的环境问题21.2.2贝壳应用的现状31.2.2.1贝壳在传统工业中的应用31.2.2.2贝壳类新型钙基脱硫剂研究与应用31.2.2.3贝壳在建筑领域的应用41.3本文研究的目的和内容41.3.1研究的目的41.3.2研究的内容52贝壳粉破碎及碳酸钙改性方法621贝壳的结构及成份62.2贝壳的研究概况及发展趋势62.3贝壳粉的破碎工艺82.3.1贝壳粉破碎设备82.3.2 贝壳粉的细化过程82.4碳酸钙的性质82.5碳酸钙改性的方法92.5.1碳酸钙表面处理
20、92.5.2纳米碳酸钙颗粒的表面改性93生物涂料的组成103.1 生物涂料的配方103.2 生物涂料的组成103.2.1 主要成膜物质103.2.1.1醋酸乙烯酯共聚乳液113.2.1.2 苯乙烯丙烯酸酯共聚乳液113.2.1.3 全丙乳液113.2.1.4 硅丙乳液113.2.2 次要的成膜物质123.2.3 辅助成膜物质133.2.3.1 溶剂和水133.2.4 助剂144涂料的制作的工艺及成膜机理154.1涂料的制作过程154.1.2配制初始涂料164.1.3 乳胶漆成品的配制164.1.4乳胶膝的生产工艺流程174.2 乳胶漆的成膜机理174.3乳胶漆的成膜条件184.4乳胶漆的成膜驱
21、动力195性能测试及确定最佳比205.1 粘度(Pa.s)的测定205.2 固含量的测定245.3 细度的测定265.4 耐碱性的测定285.5 比重的测定305.6 遮盖力的测定315.7 硬度的测定34结论36参考文献37谢辞39绪论材料是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础。材料与人类的出现和进化有着密切的联系,因而材料的的名字已被认为是人类文明的一种标志。人类经历了石器时代、青铜器时代、铁器时代,今天,正跨进先进材料的新时代。天然材料与人造材料已经成为人们生活中不可分开的重要组成部分,以致于人们常常认为它们的存在是理所当然的事情,人们的周围到处是材料,材料不仅仅存在现实生活中,而且也扎根于人们
22、的文化和思想领域。材料已与食物、居住空间、能源和信息并列一起组成人类的基本资源。材料作为经济发展的基础与先导,为社会带来了巨大的物质财富,推动了人类文明的进程。然而从资源、能源和环境的角度分析,材料的提取、生产、使用和废弃过程又是一个不断消耗和破坏人类赖以生存的空间的过程。以1997年世界涂料总产量约2200万吨为例。产量分布见表1-1。 表1-1 1997年世界涂料产量分布国家或地区 产量(万t) 比例西欧 620.8 28.2北美 610.5 27.7亚大地区 609.2 27.2拉美 130.0 5.9东欧 109.0 5.0中东 54.5 2.5其它地区 66.0 3.0合计 2200
23、 100.0资料来源:林宣益.乳胶漆M.化学工业出版社2004由此可以清楚地看出涂料对破坏生态平衡和环境要负多大责任。因此,涂料走可持续发展道路己成为世人的共识,通过利用废弃的贝壳和碳酸钙混合做为涂料的填料,使涂料成为一种可再生材料,同时为缓解废弃的贝壳污染提供一条新的解决途径。1涂料及贝壳分发展概述1.1涂料发展趋势述涂料有着悠久的历史,从利用动物油脂和树上分泌的树脂等为成膜物质,发展成为主要以石化产品合成的高分子聚合物为成膜物质,人们进行了长期的摸索。涂料的生产和使用也从一种世代相传的技艺发展成为涉及多学科的现代化的涂料工业。传统的溶剂型涂料中溶剂含量常在40%以上,有的涂料如硝基漆在施工
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 浅析 生物 涂料 开发 应用
链接地址:https://www.31ppt.com/p-2092378.html