水动力计算软件AQWA 培训ppt课件.ppt
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1、25th 29th september 2006,AQWA TRAINING COURSE,目录,培训内容:AQWA程序分析能力理论背景模拟技术modelling techniques分析过程分析数据的准备结果的输出内容和解释实例,客户,Regulatory BodiesABS(US),Lloyds Register(UK)OperatorsBP,US Navy,NavionEngineering CompaniesJohn Brown Hydrocarbons,Kellog Brown and RootArup Energy,Friede and GoldmanMitsubishi Heav
2、y Industries,Kawasaki Heavy IndustriesPI Rauma,IntecWorley Engineering,IHC Gusto,SBM,客户,Consultants:Armstrong TechnologyJP KennyJJ McMullenMoffatt&NicholNoble DentonHan PadronAtkinsAMOGD2MAtlantiaMoss MaritimeInocean,AQWA 程序介绍,AQWA的程序结构和分析能力AQWA LINE-3-D diffraction eigen mode and dynamic stability
3、analysisAQWA FER-Spectral analysis of structure motion(wave frequency or/and drift frequency)and mooring tension in irregular waves,AQWA 程序介绍,AQWA NAUT-Time domain program for wave frequency structure motion and mooring tension analyses in regular wavesAQWA DRIFT-Time domain program for drift freque
4、ncy and wave frequency structure motion and mooring tension analysis in irregular wavesAQWA Graphical Supervisor(AGS)-AQWA pre and post processor;on-line analysisAQWA WAVE-Interface between hydrodynamic program and FE program to transfer wave loads from AQWA LINE to a FE model for structural strengt
5、h analysis,AQWA 程序介绍,LINE,LIBRIUM,FER,NAUT,DRIFT,WAVE,ASAS(FE model),General Relations between Programs,Typical AQWA Model(1)-Moored Tanker,Typical AQWA Model(2)-Semi Sub,AQWA Result(1)-Force&Response Curves,AQWA Result(2)-Pressure Contour,AQWA Result(3)-Shear Force&Bending Moment,AQWA LINE 介绍,AQWA-
6、LINE 是3D衍射和辐射分析程序通过大量的板格来描述结构在每个板格中心有源点(a source),程序会求解受到如下边界条件时源点的强度:没有水流穿过船体没有水流穿过海底板格为自由面这样就可以在任意点计算出压力和速度,AQWA LINE理论,AQWA LINE的3D线性波理论假设流体无旋,不可压小波(small wave elevation)速度势能控制方程体的边界条件,AQWA LINE理论,自由表面运动条件 线性化之后自由表面动力条件,AQWA LINE理论,线性化之后组合自由表面条件 海底边界条件,AQWA LINE理论,辐射条件辐射条件是一种物理状态,使波不会在错误的方向上传递,如水
7、穿透船体,从而避免数上的不确定性。数值方法势能项的线性叠加 式中:下标I是入射波,d是衍射波,j=1,2,6 是6个自由度的辐射波,x是单位波幅下结构的运动.,AQWA LINE理论,对于有限水深d,入射波的势能为式中k是波数,定义为:使用脉冲源分布(pulsating source distribution)求解衍射和辐射波势能,AQWA LINE理论,式中:是辐射体强度(source strength);S 是入水结构面;(x,y,z)为流域中域点的坐标;(,)是S上源点坐标;G 为格林函数,是求解Laplace方程的基础,并且满足所有边界条件(除了体边界条件).G 可以表达为:,AQWA
8、 LINE理论,式中pv 表示积分的principal value;J0 是Bessel函数的第一项,AQWA LINE理论,在每个板格结构表面上的源强度(source strength)假设为常数,通过体边界条件求解积分方程计算:对于衍射势能,在结构表面由于入射势能产生的法向速度会变为零,而所减少的法向速度会转化为结构运动.,AQWA LINE理论,压力和第一阶波浪力的计算 一旦计算了源点强度和势能,从线性化的Bernoulli方程中可以计算每个板格的水动力压力:第一阶波浪力是通过在体表面上进行积分得到的,二阶平均漂浮力计算远场求解(Far field solution)(动量守恒方法,只用
9、于水平力)):式中 SR 是在流场结构周围的垂直圆柱边界其半径为R,是SR的流体体积,The mean force is the time average of the above expression and the first order term becomes zero.The pressure includes the non-linear term in the Bernoulli equation and therefore will not disappear.,AQWA LINE理论,AQWA LINE理论,近场求解(压力对于六个自由度进行积分方法):式中 WL 为水线位置;
10、r 是相关波表面(relative wave surface elevation);S0 水下结构表面;X 结构表面的运动;MS 结构的质量;R是结构的旋转矩阵;是结构中心加速度.,AQWA LINE理论,Quadratic Transfer Function(QTF)Components at both difference and sum frequenciesEach with real and imaginary parts,AQWA LINE理论,In which,AQWA LINE理论,运动方程 结构在波浪中的响应X是通过计算下面方程得到:式中 Ms 是结构质量,Ma 是附加质量,
11、C 是阻尼,K 流体刚度,F 是波浪力(包括衍射和辐射力).,AQWA波概述,波的类型:1)小波即线性波(Airy Waves)a=A cos(-t+kx)(:为频率,弧度/秒;k:波数)在以下模块都有:AQWA LINE,LIBRIUM,FER,DRIFT,NAUT 2)2阶波(Stokes 2nd Order Waves)a=A cos(-t+kx)+0.5 k A cos2(-t+kx)AQWA NAUT模块缺省值用2阶波,AQWA波概述,波的类型(续):3)流量函数波(只用于深水和Morison单元)a)载波表面压力为零;或者b)在波表面不运动。,AQWA波概述,波浪形式:1)规则波用
12、于AQWA LINE,NAUT(缺省)2)不规则波通过定义波谱确定,用于AQWA LIBRIUM,FER,DRIFT.不规则波也可以在NAUT中定义(with an IRRE card in the JOB deck).,AQWA波概述,波浪形式(续):在AQWA中的波谱类型:a.P-M spectrumb.JONSWAP spectrumc.User defined spectrumd.Gaussian spectrum for Cross Swell不规则波可以是一下形式:a.长波;或b.短波,也就是 a spread sea(只用于 AQWA LIBRIUM and FER),结构上的波
13、力,对于衍射结构(通过板单元来模拟)-入射波力(Froude-Krylov force):静止波压力产生(from the pressure in the undisturbed waves).-衍射力:由于固定结构干扰入射波产生.-辐射力:由于结构摆动产生的波产生.-平均漂浮力(net force due to high order effect),结构上的波力,对于Morison结构(用Morison单元模拟,eg TUBEs)-Morison 力(包括阻力,drag)是用Morison方程计算的。.,Morison 力,Morison力的计算方程对于细长圆柱单元,例如管道单元,单元上单位
14、长度的水动力可以用Morison方程计算:式中Ca 和 Cd是附加质量和单元的阻力(drag)系数;;是每单位长度单元的体积,D是单元的直径.,结构上的波力,AQWA 的总体坐标系,定向特性:原点在静水线上Z轴的正方向是垂直向上X轴的正方向是右舷Y轴的正方向是根据右手法则,z,0,z,y,x,W.L.,AQWA 的总体坐标系,AQWA的总体坐标系是固定的参考轴,而与东、南、西、北等方向无关,AQWA的方向,AQWA中定义的波、风和水流方向是作为船体的行进方向.在定义的波浪(或水流、风)之间有角度时,角度是与X正方向逆时针转为正.中的方向是安度输入输出.,X axis,Wave directio
15、n(or current,wind),positive angle,AQWA坐标系的方向,对于非对称结构,输入的方向的角度必须在范围内-180 度到+180度内;对于X方向对称的结构,角度范围在0度到180度之间;对于X、Y方向对称结构,角度范围在0度到90度之间.,y,x,v,q,相位角,In AQWA LINE,the phase angle()of a parameter defines the time difference(dt)from the time when wave crest is at the CoG of the structure to the time when
16、the parameter reaches its peak value.(dt=*T/360,where T is the wave period).正的相位角表示滞后于波.,AQWA 的文件名,每个AQWA文件有三个部分:文件前缀(两个字母)-表示程序类型alLINEabLIBRIUMafFERadDRIFTanNAUT运行的文件(最多六个字母),AQWA 的文件名,文件扩展名(三个字母)文件扩展名说明文件类型(eg,.dat)例如:altest.dat,输入数据(.dat)文件,This is an ASCII text file containing all the input dat
17、a necessary for the Stages of Analysis about to be executed.The data is in fixed format and must be entered using a text editor.An editor which allows 80 columns of data to be displayed,and which indicates the column number of the current cursor position,is highly recommended.Note:A graphical user i
18、nterface,which allows interactive data input in a user-friendly environment,is currently under development.,列表文件(.lis),This is an ASCII text file containing all the output data(in text form)from the Stages of Analysis which have just been executed.It can be examined using a text editor.,重启动文件(.res),
19、This is a binary file,which is written by all the AQWA programs,and which contains a summary of the data associated with all the Stages of Analysis which have so far been executed.Examples:If Stages 1 to 4 have been executed,the restart file will contain:-model definition-hydrodynamic database-main
20、analysis parameters,水动力文件(.hyd),This is a binary file which is created by AQWA-LINE at the end of the diffraction/radiation analysis(Stage 3).It contains the hydrodynamic database produced by the AQWA-LINE run.At the end of Stage 3,the contents of the restart and hydrodynamics files are:restart file
21、(RES)hydrodynamics file(HYD)model definition hydrodynamic databasehydrodynamic database,水动力文件(.hyd),The hydrodynamics file is therefore a sub-set of the restart file.The other programs do not create a hydrodynamics file,but they can read and use this file(only when ALDB option is on,or a FILE card w
22、ith*.HYD file name in deck 6).,定位文件Position(.pos and.eqp),Both are binary files.eqp file:Created by AQWA LIBRIUM which stores the equilibrium positions of a system of structures.This file can be read in by FER,DRIFT and NAUT as the start position for the analysis(an option RDEP is required).pos file
23、:Created during a time domain analysis by DRIFT or NAUT in which the positions,velocities,etc of a system of structures are stored for every time step.,AGS 显示文件(.plt),This is a binary file,which is created during a main analysis(Stage 5)and contains either:the time history of forces and motions(NAUT
24、,DRIFT)orforces and responses as a function of frequency(FER,LINE),AQWA 文件类型,每次运行AQWA都会包括多个文件。文件主要是后缀不同,一般的扩展名如下:.dat输入数据文件(ASCII).lis输出列表文件(ASCII).res重启动文件(binary),输入、输出.hyd水动力文件(binary),输入、输出.pos输出定位(position)文件(binary).plt输出图形文件(binary).eqp平衡位置文件(binary),输入、输出.uss源强度文件(binary),输入、输出,AQWA 文件类型,.me
25、s output message file(ASCII).potpotential file(binary),input and output.pac pressures at centroids(binary),output.vacvelocities at centroids(binary),output.msd input mass distribution for BM/SF(ASCII).sfm input mass distribution for splitting forces(ASCII).lininput file for AGS mesh generator(ASCII)
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