初中英语形容词与副词用法(共86张)课件.ppt

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1、,Adj. adv.,Adj. adv.,第一课时,第一课时,用来对名词或某些代词在性质、特征或状态等方面加以修饰的词。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.,什么叫形容词?,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,用来对名词或某些代词在性质、特征或状态等方面加以修饰的词。什,e.g. He is a good student.I have something important to tell you.,当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后. e.g.,Is there anything i

2、nteresting in todays newspaper ?,作定语,e.g. He is a good student.当形容词,The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.,常与感官系动词连用：look, taste, smell, sound, feel, seem, become,get, turn, go 等,The cake tastes delicious.,作表语,The trees turn green in spring,形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语,We must keep the classro

3、om clean.,He made us happy.,作宾语补足语,Colour it green.,形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语We must keep t,有一些形容词前+the后，具有名词词性。可以作主语或宾语。,The rich should help the poor.,作主语和宾语,有一些形容词前+the后，具有名词词性。可以作主语或宾语。T,有些形容词只能作定语，有些形容词只能作表语。,sleeping 定语 a sleeping boyasleep 表语 the boy is asleep.,定语： sick, live, little等,区别,表语：ill, alive,

4、alone等,有些形容词只能作定语，有些形容词只能作表语。sleeping,句子中的位置,形容词作定语时，分为前置定语和后置定语。 大部分形容词可以做前置定语。an old American lady,句子中的位置形容词作定语时，分为前置定语和后置定语。,形容词短语、介词短语或不定式短语做后置定语。The boy under the tree is my brother.,形容词短语、介词短语或不定式短语做后置定语。,形容词按音节可分为：,多音节词,双音节词,单音节词,形容词按音节可分为：多音节词双音节词单音节词,形容词级别可分为：,原级,比较级,最高级,形容词级别可分为：原级比较级最高级,形

5、容词的级,原级：即形容词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many 比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。 smaller, better, taller, older, more最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。 smallest, tallest, newest, best,少数形容词只有原形，没有比较级和最高级。如right, wrong ,woolen(羊毛制的)等。,形容词的级原级：即形容词的原形。少数形容词只有原形，没有比较,This tree is as_ as that tree.,The green bag is as _as the red.,T

6、his pen is not as _ as that pen.,tall,big,long,原级比较是说明两个人物或事物的程度是一样,This tree is as_ as that tr,当两个人或两件事物进行比较时程度不一样，就要用到形容词比较级，也就是词尾-er形式，比较级常常用than来连接被比较的两个人或事物。,e.g. I am shorter than you.,比较级比较是区分两个人物或事物的程度不一样,当两个人或两件事物进行比较时程度不一样，就要用到形容词比较级,最高级一般用于三者（或三者以上）之间的比较。 “最”。,China is the largest of the

7、countries.John is the tallest in the class.,最高级一般用于三者（或三者以上）之间的比较。 “最”。,Yao Ming is Jordan.,Jordan is tall.,Yao Ming is taller.,Jordan,2.26m,1.98m,taller than,Yao Ming is,Zeng Zhiwei is short.,Pan Changjiang is,Pan Changjiang is Zeng Zhiwei.,shorter.,shorter than,Zeng Zhiwei is short.Pan Chan,Liu Hu

8、an is heavy .,Fei Mao is,Fei Mao is Liu Huan.,80kg,90kg,heavier .,heavier than,Liu Huan is heavy .Fei Mao is,Lin Xinru is thin.,Liu Yifei is,Liu Yifei is Lin Xinru.,45kg,48kg,thinner.,thinner than,Lin Xinru is thin.Liu Yifei,more outgoing,Li Yong is Cheng long.,Cheng Long is outgoing.,Li Yong is mor

9、e outgoing.,outgoing,more outgoing than,more outgoingLi Yong is,athletic,Cheng Long is more athletic than Li Xiaopeng.,Li Xiaopeng is athletic.,Cheng Long is more athletic.,more athletic,athleticCheng Long is more,funny, serious, smart, calm, wild, big, fat,outgoing, athletic, dirty, heavy, thin, ta

10、ll,smarter,funnierheavierdirtier,biggerthinnerfatter,more outgoingmore seriousmore athletic,calmerwildertaller,找规律：,funny, serious, smart, calm,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,规则变化,不规则变化,形容词的比较级和最高级构成规则变化不规则变化,形容词比较级的构成,一、规则变化（一） 单音节和少数双音节的变化规则 （1）一般在词尾加 -er, -est。 smartsmarter, smartest highhigher, highest smallsmal

11、ler, smallest talltaller, tallest longlonger , longest,形容词比较级的构成一、规则变化,(2). 以不发音的字母e结尾的，直接加-r, -st. nicenicer, nicest finefiner, finest(3).以“辅音字母结尾的”，把变，再加-er, -est。 earlyearlier, earliest happyhappier, happiest easyeasier, easiest heavyheavier, heaviest funnyfunnier, funniest,(2). 以不发音的字母e结尾的，直接加-r

12、, -st.,(4)以重读闭音节结尾的单词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个字母，再加-er, -est. 如“胖瘦大热红伤湿”等 fatfatter, fattest thinthinner, thinnest bigbigger, biggest hothotter, hottest redredder, reddest sadsadder, saddest wetwetter, wettest,初中英语形容词与副词用法(共86张PPT),(5)以 ow, -er结尾的双音节词，加-er, -est. clevercleverer, cleverest narrownarrower,

13、narrowest,初中英语形容词与副词用法(共86张PPT),(二）多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词在原级前加more, most。 popular-more popular, most popular difficult-more difficult, most difficult beautiful-more beautiful, most beautiful interestingmore interesting , most interesting slowlymore slowly, most slowly,(二）多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词在原级前加more, m,特例（1）由“

14、动词+后缀-ing / -ed ”构成的形容词，在词前加more, most. interesting-more interesting, most interesting exciting-more exciting, most exciting bored-more bored, most bored relaxed-more relaxed, most relaxed,特例,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattes

15、t wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popularmore slowly,most difficult most popularmost slowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,词 尾 变 化原级比较级,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest

16、/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远,原级比较级最高级better bestworseworstl,单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：,构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和少,(二)不规则变化,部分不规则形容词或副词good/well-bettermany /much-morebad / badly / ill-worselittle-lessfar-farther/furtherold-older/elder,巧

17、记：（1）特殊形式比较级共有二对二合一外加一对三合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远（2）二好，二多，三坏一少，一老，一远,(二)不规则变化部分不规则形容词或副词巧记：,old fat young ugly high low light white sunny hot cool early delicious friendly important hungry healthy outgoing goodwell little ,olderelder,fatter,younger,uglier,higher,lower,lighter,whiter,sunnier

18、,hotter,cooler,earlier,more delicious,less,better,more outgoing,healthier,hungrier,more important,more friendly,old,讲述某人或某物自身情况时用原级。 可以修饰原级的词： very, too, so, more, quite, a lot, a little, enough, rather等 基本句型 (1)主语+ 谓语 + 形容词原级 +. He is very old now. 他现在很老了。 The weather looks rather bad. 天气看上去相当糟 I a

19、m so happy. 我是如此的快乐。,原级的用法,讲述某人或某物自身情况时用原级。原级的用法,表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型： (2)主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +. 和一样 如：He is as excited as his younger sister. 他和他妹妹一样兴奋。 They picked as many apples as the farmers (did). 他们摘的苹果和农民一样多。 The girl is as brilliant as beautiful. 这个女孩的智慧和美丽一样突出。,表示两者之间没有差

20、别时,使用句型：,表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型: (3)主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词+ as 和不一样，不如 Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister. 他没他妹妹那么兴奋。 Theydidntpickso/asmanyapplesasthe farmers(did).他们摘的苹果不如农民多。 Tony isnt so/ as tall as Tom. 托尼和汤姆不一样高。,表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:,讲述两者有差异, 第一个人物超过第二个人 物时用比较级。 可以修饰比较级的词：a litt

21、le, a bit, a lot, much, far, even, still, rather等基本句型： A 原级 . B 比较级. 例：1）Bob is tall. Mike is taller. 2）This cake is delicious. That cake is more delicious.,比较级的用法,讲述两者有差异, 第一个人物超过第二个人 比较级的用法, Who/Which+ is +比较级, A or B?例：1）Who is taller, Mike or Bob? 2）Which of them is taller, Mike or Bob? 说明： 此句型中

22、的or不可改为and。, B +谓语+比较级+ than+ A 例：1）Mike is taller than Bob (is). 2）This cake is more delicious than that one.注意：the one 代替可数名词单数 the ones 或 those 代替可数名词复数 that 代替不可数名词, Who/Which+ is +比较级, A or B,more and more句型即“比较级 + and +（同一个）比较级”句型。此句型表示“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级”形式。例： 1）Our life is bette

23、r and better. 2）You look more and more beautiful.,The more , the more 句型 具体结构：The + 比较级 + 一个句子，the + 另一比较级 + 一个句子。表示“越越“。例：The harder you study, the better grades you will get.,more and more句型The more , t,两者范围内的比较 具体结构：The + 比较级 + of + the two/ twins/ parents。表示“两者之间最一个。例：1). May is the taller of th

24、e twins. 2). He is the braver of the two boys.,两者范围内的比较,使用形容词比较级时需注意以下几点：1) than后面接代词时, 一般要用主格形式， 但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。 如：My brother is taller than I/me. 2) 当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。如： He is much more serious than Sam.,使用形容词比较

25、级时需注意以下几点：,3) 形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物, 但在上下文明确的情况下, 形容词比较级可单独使用。如：My sister is tall, but my aunt is taller.我姐姐个子高, 但我姑姑个子更高。4) 进行比较的人和物必须是同一类。 My books are more than yours. I have more books than you.,3) 形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接,讲述三者或三者以上的差异, 一个人物是其中之最用最高级。最高级前必须加the. 可以修饰最高级的词：by far, much, really

26、, very, almost等基本句型： A+系+the +最高级+(名词)+表示范围短语（in, among, of)例：1）He is the youngest in his family. 2）Lucy is the most careful among us.,最高级的用法,讲述三者或三者以上的差异, 一个人物是其中之最用最高级。最, Who/Which+ is +最高级, A，B or C?例：1）Which country is the most fascinating, China, America or France? 2）Which is the shortest, Mike

27、, John or Bob? 说明： 此句型中的or不可改为and。, one of the+最高级+名词复数例：1）Jackie Chen is one of the most popular stars. 2）Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century., Who/Which+ is +最高级, A，B or, 比较级表达最高级含义句型： the+ 最高级+名词+范围= 比较级+ than + any other + 名词单数 the other + 名词复数 any of the other + 名词复数 the rest of

28、+ 名词复数 all the other + 名词单数 the others any of others anyone/ anything else, 比较级表达最高级含义,第二课时,第二课时,表示行为特征或性状特征的词。用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或 名词词组及句子的词。e.g.,什么叫副词?,very, early, out, soon, quickly, etc.,表示行为特征或性状特征的词。用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、,一、副词的用法 1. 作状语（1）副词主要在句中作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词等。A、修饰动词 Heworkshard.B、修饰形容词 Sheisave

29、rybeautifulgirl.C、修饰另一个副词 ShespeaksEnglishquitewell.D、修饰介词短语 Thehospitalisjustaroundthecorner.,一、副词的用法,(2)作表语:放在系动词后 Hewillbebackinadayortwo.(3)作定语：一般放在被修饰的名词之后 Thisbookhereisthemostuseful.（4）作复合宾语：放在及物动词后 I saw you out with my friend the other day.,(2)作表语:放在系动词后,二、副词的分类,二、副词的分类名称例词在句子中的位置时间today, e

30、ar,名称例词在句子中的位置地点表示地点的副词：地点副词常置于句尾,名称例词在句子中的位置程度very much, 常放在被修饰,三、副词的比较等级 1.用于两者不同级的比较。“ 副词比较级 + than ”。这一结构表示比对方强。例如： Mike works more carefully than Jack. 迈克工作比杰克细心。2.“（not）as/so + 副词原级 + as ”。这一结构表示两者相似或前者不如后者。例如： You dont get up so/as early as I. 你没我起得早。,三、副词的比较等级,3.最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，最高级前可加也可不加定冠词

31、the.例如：Of all the students in our class , she writes (the) most beautifully. 在我们全班同学中，她书写得最漂亮。,3.最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，最高级前可加也可不加定冠,初中英语形容词与副词用法(共86张PPT),old fat young ugly high low light white sunny hot cool,older,fatter,younger,uglier,higher,lower,lighter,whiter,sunnier,hotter,cooler,old,1. Im tall but

32、my sister is _(short).2. My mother has long hair, and my sister has _ (long) hair.3.This little baby is _ (outgoing) than that one.,shorter,longer,more outgoing,1. Im tall but my sister is _,4. In some ways we look the same, in some ways we look _(不同).5. Ann is a very _(安静的) girl, she hardly makes n

33、oise.,different,quiet,4. In some ways we look the sa,练习：用所给形容词的适当形式填空。Her hair is _ (long) than mine.Who is _ (short), Tom or Jack?Lily is _ (quiet) than her sister.Tina, please come to school a little _ (early) next time.,longer,shorter,quieter,earlier,练习：用所给形容词的适当形式填空。longershorter,The _ (hard) yo

34、u study, the _ (good) grades youll get.It becomes _ and _ (hot) when summer comes.,harder,better,hotter,hotter,The _ (hard) you study,练习：单项选择。1. This one is too large. Can you show me a _one? A. larger B. large C. small D. smaller 2. Do you think March is _ than January? Yes, its _ warmer. better, a

35、 little B. well, much C. worse, very D. nicer, quite,练习：单项选择。,3. Her bag is newer than _. A. mine B. my C. me D. I4. The weather in North China is colder than _ in South China. A. B. this C. the one D. that,5. Which one is _, this one or that one? A. good B. bad C. best D. better 6. I think your roo

36、m is _ bigger. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. more,初中英语形容词与副词用法(共86张PPT),6. Lucy is very short, but she is _ than her sister. A. shorter B. longer C. taller D. older 7. Frank is _ friendly than his brother. A. a little more B. a few more C. much D. a little 8. Sam is _at Chinese than Jim. A. goo

37、d B. well C. better D. gooder,C,A,C,CAC,9. This one is too large. Can you show me a _one? A. larger B. large C. small D. smaller 10. Do you think March is _than January? Yes, its _ warmer. A. better, a little B. well, much C. worse, very D. nicer, quite,D,A,9. This one is too large.,Practice:,(1) I

38、am a little _ than you. (tall),(2) Tom is _ than Jack. (cool),(3) This girl is _ than that .(nice),(4) This question is _ than that one. (easy),(5) My pocket money is much _ than yours.(much),(6) She studies even _ than before.(hard),(7) He feels a lot _ than yesterday.(good),(8) My brother is _ tha

39、n me.(old),(9) My country will become _. (beautiful),(10) Lily is _ than her classmates.(thin),taller,cooler,(11) I think today is _ than yesterday.(tired),nicer,easier,more,harder,better,elder,more beautiful,thinner,more tired,注1 可修饰比较级的词有 a little 、much 、even 、a lot 等！,注2 tired 的比较级与最高级特殊在前加 more

40、、most,Practice:(1) I am a little _,(12) He is the _ in his class.(tall),(13) Ming is my _ friend .(good),(14) Today is the _ day in this month.(hot),(15) Mr. Wang is the _ teacher .(popular),(16) I think I am the _ people in the world. ( happy),tallest,best,hottest,most popular,happiest,注： 最高级前往往加th

41、e,(12) He is the _ in hi,Advantage:,_ he works , _ he is.A Busy , happy B Busier , happier C The busier, the happier D The busy , the happy,C,语法掌握：“The + 比较级， the +比较级” 意思： 越就越,Advantage:_ he works , _,1.The boy becomes _ _.A more and more cooler B cool and cool C cooler and cooler D more cooler and

42、 more cooler,C,2.The girl becomes _ _.A more and more beautiful B more beautiful and more beautifulC beautiful and beautiful D beautifuler and beautifuler,B,语法掌握：“ 比较级 and 比较级 ” 意思：越来越,1.The boy becomes _ _,1._ I eat ,_ I am.A More , fatter B The more , the fatter C Much , fat D The much, the fat,B,

43、2.Our country is becoming _A better and better B more and more good C best and best D good and good,A,1._ I eat ,_ I am.,Choose the best answer:,1. Its getting _. A. warm and warmer B. warmer and warmer C. more warmer2. Which one do you like better? -The _ one. A. more nice B. biger C. cheaper3. Our

44、 country is becoming _. A. much and much beautiful B. many and many beautiful C. more and more beautiful,B,C,C,Choose the best answer:1. Its,4. Tom speaks Chinese _ better than we. A. little B. a lot of C. much5. Of the ten books, I like this one _. A. very B. better C. best6. The _ we get together,

45、 the _ well be. A. more; happier B. many; happier C. more; happy 7. Geography isnt _than history, but its as_ as history. A. difficult; important B. more difficult; important C. difficult; more important,C,C,A,B,4. Tom speaks Chinese _ bett,8. My teacher helps us as _ as she can. A. many B. much C.

46、more9. Which one is _, the watch, the bike or the TV set? A. more expensive B. most expensive C. the most expensive10. Basketball is _ than ping-pong ball. A. more interesting B. much interesting C. very interesting,B,C,A,8. My teacher helps us as _,1. The bread is _ than these cakes A. very delicio

47、us B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious,2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far,3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest,C,C,Practice,A,1. The bread is _ tha

48、n thes,4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. th

49、e heaviest D. heavier,D,C,D,4. In our city its _ in J,7. A horse is _ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting

50、B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting,C,D,C,7. A horse is _ than a d,10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy . A. less more B. few much C. more