伤寒论少阳病兼变证培训课件.ppt
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1、伤寒论少阳病兼变证,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证,一、少阳病变证治则:若已吐下發汗温針,讝語,柴胡湯證罷,此為壞病,知犯何逆,以法治之。(267)If after vomiting, precipitation, promotion of sweating, or warm needling, there is delirious speech, and the Minor Bupleurum Decoction pattern ceases, this is a aggravated disease, therefore one should be aware of what e
2、rror one has commited, and use the appropriate method to treate it.释义坏病即变证。变证治则“知犯何逆,以法治之”,即审因辨证,以法论治。,12/27/2022,2,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证一、少阳病变证治则:10/2/20222,第三节 少阳病兼变证,二、少阳兼太阳之表证治柴胡桂枝汤证:146伤寒六七日,发热、微恶寒、肢节烦痛、微呕、心下支结、外证未去者,柴胡桂枝汤主之。When in cold damage for six or seven days, there is fever, mild aversio
3、n to cold, vexing pain of the limb joints, mild retching, fullness below the heart, and exterior pattern is still present, Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction governs.,12/27/2022,3,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证二、少阳兼太阳之表证治柴胡桂枝汤证:,第三节 少阳病兼变证,释义1、辨证:发热微恶寒,肢节烦疼太阳表证未罢 太阳表证未罢而 风寒留连于表 初及少阳未深,微呕,心下支结(梗阻感)邪犯少阳 太少并病
4、,证候口苦咽干目眩未显著少阳未深,火郁未盛 俱轻。2、治法、方剂:调和营卫,解肌辛散桂枝汤治太阳之表 合方为柴胡桂枝汤和解少阳,宣转枢机小柴胡汤治少阳半 但用量各为原方一 表半里 半(轻剂),12/27/2022,4,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证释义10/2/20224伤寒论少阳病,第三节 少阳病兼变证,3.临床应用:1)体虚感冒或流感身热恶寒、关节酸楚、呕恶纳呆、胸胁满闷、苔微黄或白腻。有咽痛者加桔梗、玄参。身热重、脉数者加大柴胡剂量。2)风湿病四肢烦疼、兼胸胁苦满或胁背作痛者3)慢性胆囊炎或胆石症胸胁支满、胆囊区疼痛、口苦恶心、纳呆便溏苔白腻而滑者,加金钱草、蒲公英、山楂。4)
5、神经官能症自觉气在周身窜动、气窜处有疼痛发胀感,嗳气打嗝,随之缓解。4、本方是和法兼汗法汗吐下之禁只是针对少阳本证而言。,12/27/2022,5,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证3.临床应用:10/2/20225伤寒论,第三节 少阳病兼变证,三、少阳兼阳明里实证治大柴胡汤证、柴胡加芒硝汤证1、大柴胡汤证:103太阳病,过经十余日,反二、三下之。后四、五 日,柴胡证仍在者,先与小柴胡。呕不止、心下急、郁郁微烦者,为未解也,与大柴胡汤下之则愈。 大柴胡湯方 柴胡半斤 黃芩三兩 芍藥三兩 半夏半升(洗) 生薑五兩(切) 枳實四枚(炙) 大棗十二枚(擘) 上七味,以水一斗二升,煮取六升,去滓
6、,再煎,温服一升,日三服。一方加大黃二兩。若不加,恐不為大柴胡湯。When in Tai yang disease, ten or more days after channel passage, precipitation has been used two or three times, after four or five days, if the Minor Bupleurum Decoction pattern is still present, first give,12/27/2022,6,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证三、少阳兼阳明里实证治大柴胡汤证、柴胡,第三节 少
7、阳病兼变证,Minor Bupleurum Decoction. If there is incessant retching, distress below the heart, and depression and mild vexation, it means that the disease has not yet resolved; giving Major Bupleurium Decoction to precipitate will lead to recovery.165伤寒发热、汗出不解,心中痞硬、呕吐而下利者,大柴胡汤主之。 When in cold damage the
8、re is fever and sweating that brings no resolution, fullness and hardness in the heart, retching, vomiting, and diarrhea, then Major Bupleurum Decoction governs.,12/27/2022,7,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证Minor Bupleurum Deco,第三节 少阳病兼变证,释义1、辨证:(1)太阳病 少阳病,误下后柴胡证仍在先用小柴胡汤治疗病愈。(2)病未愈仍有柴胡证:寒热往来 少阳郁热 胸胁苦满 少阳病兼 因误下出
9、现变证:呕不止心下急 阳明里实 郁郁微烦(大便 邪入阳明 秘结或热结旁流)化燥成实,12/27/2022,8,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证释义10/2/20228伤寒论少阳病,第三节 少阳病兼变证,2、治法、方剂: 和解少阳,通下里实大柴胡汤3、方解:柴胡、黄芩、半夏疏畅少阳气机而治水火(同小柴胡汤)枳实 利气消痞,通下热结,泻阳明之实大黄 芍药 酸苦涌泄,以平肝胆气逆 缓急止痛生姜止呕大枣和中,12/27/2022,9,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证2、治法、方剂:10/2/20229伤寒,第三节 少阳病兼变证,4、适应证:1)急性胆囊炎寒热往来、胸胁疼痛剧烈、口苦呕恶
10、、大便秘结或干结、腹胀或黄疸(阳黄)。2)胆石证、急性胰腺炎有以上表现者。5、疗效判断: 应观察热、呕、痛、秘四方面表现,以秘为重点。服汤后,腑气通,大小便利,则发热、呕吐很快会缓解。辨证论治要抓住这一关键。,12/27/2022,10,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证4、适应证:10/2/202210伤寒论,第三节 少阳病兼变证,2、柴胡加芒硝汤证:傷寒十三日不解,胸脇滿而嘔,日晡所發潮熱,已而微利,此本柴胡證,下之以不得利,今反利者,知醫以丸藥下之,此非其治也。潮熱者,實也,先宜服小柴胡湯以解外,後以柴胡加芒消湯主之。(104)柴胡加芒消湯方 柴胡二兩十六銖 黃芩一兩 人參一兩甘草
11、一兩(炙) 生薑一兩(切) 半夏二十銖(本云五枚,洗) 大棗四枚(擘) 芒消二兩上八味,以水四升,煮取二升,去滓,內芒消,更煮微沸,分温再服,不解更作。,12/27/2022,11,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证2、柴胡加芒硝汤证:10/2/20221,第三节 少阳病兼变证,When in cold damage not resolved in thirteen days, fullness in the chest and rib-side, retching, late afternoon tidal fever, and shortly afterward mild diarr
12、hea. This was originally a Major Bupleurum Decoction pattern in which precipitation should not cause diarrhea, yet now diarrhea is due to use of pill medicine to precipitate, this is not appropriate treatment. Tidal fever means excess. It is appropriate to first to take Minor Bupleurm Decoction in o
13、rder to resolve the external aspect, afterward, Bupleurum Decoction plus Mirabilite governs.,12/27/2022,12,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证When in cold damage,第三节 少阳病兼变证,释义1、辨证:胸胁满而呕邪传少阳,枢机不利 少阳兼阳明里实,日晡发潮热邪入阳明,腑实已成 正气已伤。微利误用丸药,正气已伤、治法、方剂:和解少阳,泻热(轻剂)柴胡加芒硝汤(剂量为小柴胡汤 1/3) 、鉴别:大柴胡汤都用于少阳-正气未伤通腑之力强柴胡加芒硝汤兼阳明里实-正气已伤破结之力
14、较弱,但 泄热润燥力强。,12/27/2022,13,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证释义10/2/202213伤寒论少阳,第三节 少阳病兼变证,四、少阳兼水饮内结柴胡桂枝干姜汤:傷寒五六日,已發汗而復下之,胸脇滿微結,小便不利,渴而不嘔,但頭汗出,往來寒熱,心煩者,此為未解也,柴胡桂枝乾薑主之。(147)柴胡桂枝乾薑湯方柴胡半斤 桂枝三兩(去皮) 乾薑二兩 栝樓根四兩 黃芩三兩 牡蠣二兩(熬) 甘草二兩(炙)上七味,以水一斗二升,煮取六升,去滓,再煎取三升,温服一升,日三服,初服微煩,復服汗出便愈。,12/27/2022,14,伤寒论少阳病兼变证,第三节 少阳病兼变证四、少阳兼水饮内
15、结柴胡桂枝干姜汤:10,第三节 少阳病兼变证,When cold damage has lasted five or six days, and diaphoresis and purgation have been applied, there is fullness in the chest and rib-side, inhibited urination, thirst without retching, sweating only from the head, alternating cold and fever, and heart vexation, it means that
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