英语图表类作文ppt课件.ppt

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1、图表类作文,图表题的五种类型,Note:图表题和议论文最根本的差异就是图表题是客观性写作而议论文是主观性写作。,常用动词词汇：上升：increase， rise ，grow, soar,shoot upe.g: the number of population increased/ ascended/ mounted to(by)下降： decrease ，fall ，drop ，descend ，decline ，reduce ，plungee.g: the number of population decreased /declined to(by)平稳：remain stable ，st

2、eady，gradual,stay/remain/maintain/keep/be the same e.g: the number of population mounted and leveled off at 7 million the number of population stayed stable at 5 million波动：fluctuate ，rise and falls up and down e.g:the number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 million最高点：reach the peak, reach

3、the highest point, reach the zenithe.g: the number of population reached the peak at 8 million最低点：reach the bottome.g: After decreasing, the number of population bottomed out at 4 million.占据：occupy， take up ，account for表复苏：recover, bounce backe.g:the number of population recovered from 2 million,常用形

4、容词和副词变化程度abrupt(ly),sudden(ly),dramatic(ally),drastic(ally),sharp(ly)quick(ly),rapid(ly),marked(ly),significant(ly)considerable(considerably),substantial(ly),moderate(ly)gradual(ly),slight(ly),enormous(ly), vast(ly),图表时间的表达：1.in + 月/年2.between and3. from to4. over the period fromto5. in the year bet

5、ween and6.in the 3 years spanning from 2001 through 20047.for the first 3 months8.for/during/over the next/ following 6 months9.for/during/over/in the of 4 months10.for/during/over/in a 4-month period11.over/for/during the same period12.from then on/ from this time/ point onwards/since then13.by the

6、 year of14. after/before+年/月,一、如何描述数据的上升或下降一般来说，有两种句式表达数据的上升或下降。描述对象+表示增长或减少的动词+程度副词+数据+时间点There was a + 表示程度的形容词+表示增长或减少的名词+数据+时间点Example:The birth rate in China increased steadily from about 10 percent in 1920 to just over 15 percent in 1935, followed by a sharp decline to nearly 5 percent in 1940

7、. There was a steady increase in the birth rate in China from about 10 percent in 1920 to just over 15 percent in 1935,followed by a sharp decline to nearly 5 percent in 1940.,句子演练：1.根据图表中的数据，教师的人数从1960年的500万急剧下滑到1962年300万。a. According to the figure, there was a sharp decrease in the number of teach

8、ers from five million in 1960 to three million in 1962. b. According to the figure, the number of teachers decreased dramatically from five million in 1960 to (no more than) three million in 1962.2. 1979年之后，牛肉和羊肉的消费状况分别急剧下降到大约100和55斤。a. After 1979,the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically t

9、o approximately 100 and 55 grams respectively. b. After 1979, there was a dramatic decline in the consumption of beef and lamb to approximately 100 and 55 grams respectively.,二、如何描述数据变化的总体趋势a. 描述对象+shoed a/an upward/downward trend +from+具体数据+时间点+to+具体数据+时间点b.描述对象+experienced a fall/rise + between +具

10、体数据+时间点+and+具体数据+时间点Example:As can be seen from the line graph, the consumption of hamburgers showed an upward trend from about 90 grams in 1970 to nearly 550 grams in 1990.By comparison, the consumption of fish and chips experienced a steady fall between just over 300 grams in the 1970 and 200 gram

11、s in 1985, followed by a slight increase to approximately 230 grams in 1990.,句子演练：1.离婚的数量呈下降的趋势，从1990年的140万下降到2000年的100万。a. The number of divorces experienced a downward trend from 1.4 millions in 1990 to 1 million in 2000.b. The number of divorces experienced a fall between 1.4 millions in 1990 and

12、 1 million in 2000.,三、如何排序表示总量第一或占比例第一+at +具体的数据+followed by 排名第二的对象+表示占比例的词或词组+具体数据表示总量第一或占比例第一+at+具体数据, while 排名第二的对象+表示占比例的词或词组+具体数据Example:It is clear from the pie chart that individuals should take the largest proportion of the costs of each course, at 40%, followed by the employers, accounting

13、 for 35 %. Besides, the taxpayers constituted 25%.However, peoples preference in 1995 changed a lot. It is surprising that 27% of them started to play computer games, while 11% stopped talking with their family.,描述排序会用到的词或词组表示排名第一的方式：Be on the top of the listTake the first placeRank the first表示占据比例的

14、词：Account for, constitute, take up表示比例的词：Percentage, proportion, share,四、如何表示比例. was 20 % of . was one fifth of. was 20 % as many/ much as increased/ fell byExample:The electricity produced from hydropower in Norway was 108.7 billion kw/h, which was almost 99% of the total in this country.However, i

15、n 2000, the proportion of marriage fell by approximately 11%, while that of those who were never married rose by nearly 5 %.,五、如何表示对比By contrast, / By comparisonCompared with sth,. whileA similar pattern was repeated forA sharp contrast was illustrated inOn the contrary,Contrary to.,句子演练：1.从图表中可见，受到

16、雇佣者支持的26岁以下的人所占比例最大，大约为60%，而那些26至29岁的人居第二位，所占比例大约为50%。As can be seen from chart, people under 26 received the largest proportion of support from the employers, at more than 60 %, while those who were 26 to 29 took the second place, at over 50%.2.与披萨饼的消费情况相比，低收入人群似乎更喜欢汉堡包。Compared with the consumptio

17、n of pizza, people in low-income group seemed to enjoy more hamburgers.,开头段：写12句改写原题增加单词、删除单词和替换单词,The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparis

18、ons where relevant.,替换单词 show,describe/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ summarise/ outline/ indicate,proportion,percentage,categories,kinds/ types,families,households,families living in poverty,poor families,首段翻译练习：图表中显示了1992年从十月到十二月在英国年龄在4岁以上的电视观众的比例。The graph shows (relates) the percentage of television

19、audiences over 4 years old in the UK over the period from October to December in 1992. 2. 图中数据表明了在2002年5个不同国家全国消费者开支的比例。The figures provide information about the proportions of national consumer expenditure in five different countries in 2002.,3. 图表中显示了随机抽取的五个国家在1982年的生活水平。The table presents the sta

20、ndard of living in five selected countries in the year 1982.4. 图表中显示了从1900至2000年世界范围内的用水总是的变化。The graph describes the change in the amount of water used worldwide from 1900 to 2000.5. 以上两个表格通过对比高学历与低学历对失业机率的影响的差异，表明了教育背景对于就业的重要性。The two tables indicate the essentiality of educational background to e

21、mployment by comparing the distance on incidence of unemployment between the highly educated and the men with low education.,图表引入数据with 引导数据Saturn is the second largest planet after Jupiter, with a diameter nearly ten times that of Earth. China is the worlds most populous country, with a population

22、of more than 1.4 billion. 实战演练：拥有博士学位的人工资最高，但只占调查总人数的2.5%。,People/Employee in Doctor degree are highest-paid, with a percentage on 2.5 of the total.,分词作状语1.The consumption of chicken showed an upward trend, exceeding/ overtaking/ outnumbering that of lamb in 1980.2.Young populations had a high-than-

23、average smoking rate, followed by the mid-aged.,实战演练：拥有博士学位的人工资最高，但只占调查总人数的2.5%。People in Doctor degree are highest-paid, accounting for 2.5 % of the total.,括号的使用With regard to government spending on education, there was a sharp reduction during the fied year-long period (223 million in 1989 versus

24、110 million in 1994).Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%).,主体段：Several reasons, in my opinions, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. The reasons for this trend may involve Obviously, there a

25、re a number of reasons can be identified to explain this trend.As far as I am concerned, the fundamental reason for this trend is thatIt is evident that the causes of the present phenomenon are.,Several reasons, in my opinion, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. To begin with, compared

26、 with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which are essential to a high-income work. Also

27、, the higher ones education degree is the bigger platform he will have to show his ability. For example, his college, university, or research institute will organize various job fairs for them to communicate face to face with employers.,Peoples opinions about investment in education differ from pers

28、on to person. Some people say that knowledge could no longer change destiny. To them, it is not only a waste of money, but also a waste of time. Others deem that education is worthy of investment. As for me it is no doubt that education offers favorable working opportunity and handsome income, which

29、 enable us to buy what we want ,please what we love, and fulfill what we dream, and correspondingly we are able to build an ideal paradise where life can be enjoyed to the uttermost.,Ample reasons can account for the issue of Education Pays，the following one might be the most critical .For the major

30、ity of young people, they have been always considering the education as a bothering thing to do or not a opportunity that can add color to the dull routine of every day life.So, they want to get a job as early as possible. But, as matter of fact, as the picture described, the people who have learned

31、 more earn more than others. And, in the picture, the ones who have the doctoral degree earn more XXXX than the ones who have only a degree as bachelor.,写作常用同义词替换动词解决：,resolve, combat, tackle,破坏：,undermine, jeopardize, devastate,增进： improve,enhance,保护： protect,preserve,认为：think, believe, hold, deem,

32、 maintain, argue, assert, declare, advocate, claim, be convinced that, insist, contend, state,买： buy,purchase,培养：cultivate, foster, nurture, boost, shape, form,develop,忽略：neglect, ignore,overlook,改变：change,alter, transform,丰富，扩大 enrich, expand, broaden, widen, deepen引起，导致 cause, trigger, give rise t

33、o, bring about, result in, lead to, contribute to 恶化 worsen, deteriorate, aggravate 不同意 state the objection to, disapprove, vote against, be against关注，首要任务 pay attention to, give priority to, attach importance to, put in the first place, place stress in, give weight to充满 be filled with, be teemed wi

34、th, be replete with基于 based on, derived from,名词人类优点，好处缺点，坏处在当代观点名声，名誉老人城市居民年轻人工作，职业污染,the human race, humanity, man humankind, human beings, mankindbenefits, pros-cons, advantages, boons, merit, positive aspect, favorable aspect banes, disadvantages, demerit, weakness, drawback, con, negative aspect

35、, unfavorable aspect, banein contemporary society, in present-day society, in this day and age, at present, currently, nowadays, recently, these yearsopinion= perspective, standpoint, viewfame= prestige, reputation, eminencethe old, the elderly, the retired, senior citizen, old peoplecity residents,

36、 urban dwellers, local inhabitantsthe young, young people, youngster, youths, adolescentsemployment, profession, occupationpollution, contamination,形容词：有害的 harmful, detrimental, pernicious, adverse, baneful有好处的 conductive, beneficial, helpful, advantageous, profitable, rewarding丰富的 abundant, ample,

37、plentiful普遍的，随处可见的 common, universal, ubiquitous, prevalent贫穷的 impoverished富裕的 affluent, wealthy, prosperous, 重要的 crucial, critical, vital, essential, primary, fundamental, radical吸引人的 appealing, attractive, absorbing不可思议的 unbelievable, inconceivable, incredible著名的 famous, distinguished, eminent贪婪的 greedy, rapacious, voracious,