化学专业英语第一课ppt课件.ppt

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1、Specialized English for Chemistry,教学要求与安排,成绩评定: 平时成绩 (30%) + 期末考试 (70%)参考教材： (1) 黄忠, 谢普会等.应用化学专业英语，化学工业出版社，2010年 (2) 朱红军,应用化学专业英语教程，化学工业出版社，2010年 (3) Michael Lewis, Advanced Chemistry Through Diagrams，Oxford University Press, 1999,教学内容与安排,Chapter 1 Introduction,What is “Specialized English for Chemi

2、stry” ?,专业英语和日常英语,1. 词汇的专业性 plant： 工厂、车间 charge： 电荷 positive charge：正电荷 base： 碱,植物,负责、收费,基础,2. 词汇构词法词尾： 一般化学元素多以“-ium”结尾，如： Sodium 代表Na(钠)、Chromium 代表Cr(铬)等。前缀： mono-：一；di-：二，如： carbon monoxide(CO)；carbon dioxide(CO2)后缀： -ane：烷烃，-ene：烯烃， -one：酮，如： propane（丙烷） propylene（丙烯） acetone（丙酮）,专业英语和日常英语,3. 缩

3、写词汇COD：Chemical Oxygen Demand化学需氧量BOD：Biochemical Oxygen Demand生物需氧量b.p.：Boiling point 沸点,专业英语和日常英语,4. 长句多且结构复杂,专业英语和日常英语,e.g.:,专业英语和日常英语,日常英语与专业英语词汇与表达式比较,专业英语的由来,专业英语的概念是早在1964年由Halliday、Mcinfash和Stmvens在其合著的The Linguistic Sciences and Language Teaching一书中首先提出来的：English for Specific Purpose or Eng

4、lish for Special Purpose后来，Tom Hutchinson and Alan Waters在其著作English for Specific Purposes：a learningcentered approach(1987)中对专业英语做了更加广泛的定义：ESP is an approach to language teaching in which all decisions as to content and method are based on the learners reason for learning,Why to learn “Specialized

5、English for Chemistry” ?,专业英语学习的最终目的是为了培养自己在专业领域内查阅、翻译英文文献、写出地道的英文论文的能力，并与国外学者直接进行科技交流,给自己设定三个目标：阅读方面：能查阅该领域的专业文章，通过专业词典能快速理解文章主线和细节写作方面：要求写出符合科技论文要求及特点的英文摘要，在本科毕业论文中具体体现听说方面：要求能进行一些简单的专业技术交流,某同学毕业论文摘要例1,介绍了制备方法对Ru催化剂苯部分加氢制环己烯性能的影响，分析了反应过程中添加剂种类、温度、反应时间对苯转化率、环己烯选择性和环己烯得率的影响。Part introduces the prepa

6、ration methods of Ru catalyst for benzene hydrogenation system affects the performance of cyclohexene, analyzes the types of additives, in the process of reaction temperature, reaction time on benzene conversion,cyclohexene selectivity and the yield of cyclohexene were affected.,本文采用多元醇还原法制备了Ru/ZrO2

7、催化剂，研究了催化剂的制备条件如还原醇的种类、催化剂的还原温度和还原时间对催化剂苯部分加氢制环己烯性能的影响。结果表明，最佳还原醇、还原温度和还原时间分别为1,2-丙二醇、160 oC和120 min，在最佳制备条件下，环己烯最佳得率为42.7%，相应环己烯选择性为57.0%。,修改,The Ru/ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by by a polyol reduction method. The preparation conditions of the catalysts including the kinds of reducing polyol, the

8、reducing temperature, and the reducing time on the catalytic performance of the Ru/ZrO2 catalysts in partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene were investigated. It is found that the optimum reducing polyol, reducing temperature, and reducing time were 1,2-propanediol, 160 oC, and 120 min, res

9、pectively. Under the optimum conditions, the optimum cyclohexene yield is 42.7%, and the corresponding selectivity is 57.0%.,修改,采用浸渍法制备了Ru催化剂，考察了不同反应添加剂对Ru催化剂上苯部分加氢制环己烯性能的影响和反应过程中反应添加剂的用量及反应时间对苯转化率、环己烯选择性和环己烯得率的影响。环己烯是一种重要的有机合成中间体，可广泛应用于医药、农药、聚酯和其他精细化学品的生产，提高环己烯得率，具有重要的应用价值和学术意义。本论文拟通过资料查阅以及实验分析，研究反

10、应添加剂对Ru催化剂苯部分加氢制环己烯性能的影响。,某同学毕业论文摘要例2,The Ru catalysts prepared using impregnation method，examines the different additives on the Ru catalyst portion of benzene hydrogenation reaction of cyclohexene performance and the influence of the reaction process of additive dosage and reaction time on benzene

11、 conversion，cyclohexene selectivity and the yield of cyclohexene were affectedCyclohexene is an important organic intermediates，which can be widely used in medicine, pesticides，polyester and other fine chemicals production，increase the rate of cyclohexene was，has important application value and acad

12、emic significanceProposed by this paper references and experimental analysis，the research part of Ru catalyst for benzene hydrogenation reaction additive system affects the performance of cyclohexene,苯部分加氢制环己烯是化工领域中极其重要的反应。本文采用浸渍-化学还原法制备了RuB/P25催化剂，考察了有机添加剂的种类和用量对催化剂苯部分加氢性能的影响。结果表明，最佳有机添加剂为PEG20000，

13、最佳用量为1.0 g。在最佳反应条件下，环己烯得率为44.4%，相应选择性为65.1%。,修改,Partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene is an important chemical reaction. In this paper, we prepared the RuB/P25 catalysts by wetness impregnation, followed by chemical reduction. The effects of the kind and amount of organic additives on the

14、catalytic performance of the RuB/P25 catalysts in partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene were investigated. It is found that the optimum additive is PEG20000, and the optimum amount of PEG20000 is 1.0 g. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the cyclohexene yield attained to 44.4%, with th

15、e corresponding selectivity of 65.1% being obtained.,修改,本论文主要研究了含Co纳米复合金属氧化物的制备及其对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化性能。以Co/Ni/Fe类水滑石为前驱体，经高温焙烧制得Co/Ni/Fe纳米复合金属氧化物，采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)和透射电镜(TEM)对其结构、热稳定性及形貌进行了表征，并通过差示量热扫描分析(DSC)和TGA研究了含Co纳米复合金属氧化物对AP热分解的催化性能。,某同学毕业论文摘要例3,The cobalt-containing nanoscale mixed metal ox

16、ides were prepared and their catalytic behavior on thermal decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) was investigated. Co/Ni/Fe nanoscale mixed metal oxides were obtained by calcination of Co/Ni/Fe hydrotalcites precursors. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and trans

17、mission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize their structure and morphology, and their catalytic behaviors on thermal decomposition of AP were investigated by differential scanning analysis (DSC) and TGA.,How to learn “Specialized English for Chemistry” ?,掌握词根和组词的方法，扩大专业词汇量： 记忆 死记硬背,组

18、织有效的复习：“学而时习之”和“温故而知新”,记忆单词的几个重要原则,总则：必须花时间专门记忆1）多次少量（20-200个/天）2）重复、重复、再重复！3）考前突击记忆,记忆单词要做到,1. 自信、坚定2. 每个单词要不断的反复的温习3. 大量记忆，集中精力短期攻克,平时怎么办？,-平时则要在大量阅读中去接触、熟悉、记忆 （不需要刻意去背）,最牢靠最扎实,辅助：,电脑软件:新东方背单词 轻轻松松背单词 开天辟地背单词等,加强专业英语、基础英语和专业课程的联系例如：Surfactants are usually organic compounds that are amphiphilic，meaning they contain both hydrophobic groups(their “tails”)and hydrophilic groups(their “heads”)首先应该了解专业知识，表面活性剂是指具有固定的亲水亲油基团，在溶液的表面能定向排列，并能使表面张力显著下降的物质。而且是由疏水基团，亲水基团二部分组成。分析：句中that are amphiphilic为定语从句，修饰compounds，meaning引导同位语从句，说明that are amphiphilic的含义。翻译：表面活性剂通常是两性的有机化合物，意思是它们既含有疏水基团，又含有亲水基团。,