被动语态超全ppt课件.ppt

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1、.,the Passive Voice,（被动语态）,文综之家 http:/,二 被动语态的基本结构 be + 过去分词（人称.数. 时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上）,PASSIVE VOICE,一 语态语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。如果主语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就要用被动语态。,一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,I read books.,主语,谓语,宾语,Books are read by me.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,被动语态的大体构成：,Be + Past Participle（过去分词）,1. Tom broke the wi

2、ndow.The window was broken by Tom.,2.He broke the windows.The windows were broken by him.,Be要随着主语变,逻辑主语by来引,文综之家 http:/,1. They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.,变为被动语态,一般现在时被动结构：,am/is /are +过去分词,Exercise:He rides the motorbike to his factory every day

3、.,The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般过去时被动结构：,was/were +过去分词,Exercise: He bought some fruits yesterday.,Some fruits were bought yesterday.,3. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are b

4、eing painted by some workers now.,现在进行时被动结构：,am/is/are + being +PP,Exercise:They are holding a sports meeting now.,A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.,Exercise:They are playing volleyball now.,Volleyball is being played (by them) now,4.She was interviewing the famous man at this time yeste

5、rday.,The famous man was being interviewed by her,过去进行时被动结构：,was/were + being +PP,Exercise:He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.,Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday.,5.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.,一般将来时被动结构：,will+ be +过去分词,T

6、hey are going to have an evening party tomorrow.,An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.,be going to + be + pp,Exercise:The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes.,Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes.,6. He said the workers would build a new school in two wee

7、ks.,He said a new school would be built in two weeks.,过去将来时被动构成：,would + be + pp,They would have a party the next day.,A party would be had (by them) the next day.,7.Aby can take good care of Tina ,Tina can be taken good care of by Aby.,情态动词变被动：,情态动词 + be+过去分词,Exercise:He may carry the basket easily

8、.,The basket may be easily carried by him.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,8.We have made twenty keys,Twenty keys have been made by us.,现在完成时被动结构：,have/has + been+过去分词,Exercise:Workers have built the house since two years ago.,The house has been built si

9、nce two years ago.,9.We had seen this film before you came here.,This film had been seen by us before you came here.,过去完成时被动结构：,had +been +PP,Exercise:The doctor knew that he had known his problem.,The doctor knew that his problemhad been known by him.,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are done,was/were done,am/is/a

10、re being done,was/were being done,shall/will/be going to be done,would be done,have/has been done,had been done,Exercises:一.选择填空:Windows of glass.be made B. is made C. are made D. been made2. The house in 2004.is built B. is building C. was built D. used3. A coat can for keeping warm.be used B. is u

11、sed C. been used D. used,C,C,A,4. Watches_ Shanghai. A. are made in B. is made C. are made from D. made5. This desk is made _ wood. A. of B. from C. in D. by6.The things on show were _ the old days. A. used B. used to C. used for D. used in7. Silk _ in Hangzhou and Suzhou A. is produced B. are produ

12、ced C. produced D. is produces,A,A,D,A,1. I was given a book by him. (间宾作主）,He gave me a book. (变被动）,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,2. A book was given to me by him.,My mother bought me a birthday cake.,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,1. I was bought a birthday cake by my mother.,2. A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother.,变为被动时，间

13、宾前加to 的带有双宾语的动词有：14个bring, teach, pass, hand, give, lend, refuse,leave, promise, tell, return, show, send , write.,变为被动时，间宾前加for 的带有双宾语的动词有：5个buy, get, do, pay, sing.,1.Our school _in 2002.(开办)2.The young trees must_ _ _well.(照顾)3. _ this building_(建成)last year?4.The book _ _(写)by him last year.5. T

14、he bridge _ _(不建造)in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _ (举行) in Beijing in 2008.,was opened,be looked after,Was,built,was written,wasnt built,be held,Answer right or wrong,1.必须照看好孩子们。The children must be taken good care .( )The children must be taken good care of .( )2.这本书是鲁迅写的。This book was wrote

15、 by Lu Xun.( )This book was written by Lu Xun.( )3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( )That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( ),W,R,W,R,W,R,4.这辆自行车能修吗？Can this bike mended?( )Can this bike be mended?( )5.街道已由他们清理了。The street has been cleaned by they.( )The street has been

16、 cleaned by them.( ),W,R,W,R,必背！,动词短语的被动语态,take care of be taken care of,cut down be cut down,laugh at be laughed at,look after be looked after,(2) see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth.,I saw him playing football at that moment.,He was seen playing football at that moment.,hear / watch /.,四几种值得注

17、意的被动语态变化,带复合宾语的被动语态结构,（）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth.,Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.,Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.,一感二听三使四看,feel / hear listen to/ make have let/ look see watch notice observe,这十大动词在主动句中动词用原形，但在变为被动语态时必须加上to,巧记：这些动词为“五看三使役，两听一感觉”,使用口诀：感使动词

18、真奇怪， to在句子像妖怪。主动句里to 走开，被动句里to回来。动词let要除外， to词可来可不来。,They said that he would come back soon.,It was said that he would come back soon.,类似的还有：It is reported / believed / hoped / supposed that .,We report,不用被动语态的几种情况：,2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态,have / fit,I have a TV set.,The coat fits me well.,3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。

19、【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误】The blackboard is looked at by you,语态转换时要注意的问题1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthda

20、y. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday.,保留宾语,A new computer has been bought. (正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误),5. Do you like the material? Yes, it (feel) very soft.,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如： feel，smell, look, seem, taste, sound等。,feels,下列情况主动句不能改为被动句,

21、The food tastes delicious. 误：The food is tasted delicious. The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.,6.This kind of cloth (wash )well.,有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。,washes,7. World War I

22、I (break out) in 1937.,broke out,表示“发生、进行”等的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, take place, break out, come about, last, come true, run out, turn out, belong to 等以主动形式表示被动意义。,8.The shop (open)at 6 am. every day,表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。 (begin,open,start,stop,end, finish,shut, move ,run.),opens,9. (1)The building nex

23、t year is our new library (2)The building now is our new library. (3)The building last year is our new library.,to be built,being built,built,非谓语动词的被动形式 being done (表动作正在被进行) having been done (表动作已经被进行) to be done (表动作将要被做) to have been done (表动作到将来某时将已经被完成) done (表动作已经被完成),(build),非谓语动词的被动情况,10.You

24、r jacket needs . (wash),want/need/require作“需要”讲时后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。,washing,to be washed,11. The book is worth . (read),be worth 后常接动名词，用主动表示被动义,reading,12.The book is difficult (understand),反射不定式，不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。 (difficult, easy, hard, fit, pleasant ,good

25、, light, comfortable, safe),to understand,13.I will give him something (drink),不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,to drink,1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their clas

26、sroom_ _ twice a month.,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,3. We found the ticket on the floor .,5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day

27、.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,M

28、ust be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of

29、the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,