词法复习 动词1 ppt课件 2021届高三英语一轮复习.pptx

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1、词法复习：动词（一）,高三年级 英语,Step 1: Analysis of the material,Step 2: Leading-in,1. How many people will be participating in the Olympic Games?2. You dont need to describe her. I have met her several times.3. Even quiet and serious scholars can become excited about it.4. This kind of cake tastes delicious. 5.

2、 We have given awards to films from all around the globe since 1951. 6. You shouldnt laugh at him when he is in trouble.,Step 3: Knowledge learning,动词的分类,实义动词,助动词,连系动词,情态动词,1. 实义动词(1)及物动词后通常加宾语e.g. In China, he developed an interest in teaching English to Chinese students. 在中国，他对教中国学生学习英语产生了兴趣。（deve

3、loped 后接an interest。）e.g. He handed the teacher a slip of paper. 他交给老师一张纸条。 （handed 后接the teacher 做间接宾语，a slip of paper 做直接宾语。）,一、动词的分类和作用,1. 实义动词(2)不及物动词不直接带宾语e.g. Will looked around carefully. 威尔仔细地环顾四周。e.g. He lived in the American Midwest. 他住在美国中西部。,一、动词的分类和作用,1. 实义动词（1）延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当

4、长 的一段时间。如：live, work, study, learn, sleep等，延续性动词 可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。（2）非延续性动词，是指动作一旦发生就很快结束。它不能和 一段时间连用。这类动词有：go, come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry 等。,一、动词的分类和作用,1. 实义动词例如：这位老人已经死了十年了。 e.g. The old man has died for ten years.（ ）e.g. The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago

5、.（）例如：我买了这块手表五年了。 e.g. I have bought this watch for five years.（ ）e.g. I have had this watch for five years. （）,一、动词的分类和作用,2. 连系动词（1）表示状态的连系动词，常用的是be的各种形式。e.g. She is dirty and wearing a shabby dress. 她穿着破旧的衣服，还脏兮兮的。e.g. The rose is the national flower of England.玫瑰是英国的国花。（2）表示感官的连系动词。这类动词主要有feel, l

6、ook, smell, sound, taste 等，它们没有被动语态。e.g. This kind of cake tastes delicious. 这种蛋糕尝起来很美味。e.g. That sounds great. 那听起来妙极了。,一、动词的分类和作用,2. 连系动词（3）表示变化的连系动词。这类连系动词比较多，常见的有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等，主要用来表示主语变化成什么情况。e.g. Even quiet and serious scholars can become excited about it. 甚至沉默严肃

7、的学者也能因其变得激动起来。e.g. The maple leaves turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。,一、动词的分类和作用,2. 系动词高频考点：表示“变成什么样子的人”常用 become和 turn，但是turn后作表语的名词前不用冠词。e.g. He wanted to become a writer but he turned journalist. 他想成为一名作家，但却成了一个记者。,一、动词的分类和作用,2. 系动词（4）表示表象的连系动词。这类词主要有seem，appear，look等。e.g. She used to smile all the t

8、ime but now she looks washed out and unhappy. 过去的她笑口常开,而现在的她看上去却缺乏活力，很不开心。e.g. He seemed disappointed when he was refused. 被拒绝后他看起来很失望。,一、动词的分类和作用,2. 系动词（5）表示终止的连系动词。这类词主要有prove, turn out 等。e.g. I imagined it would prove an easy task. 我以为这会是一项容易的任务。e.g. The medicine turned out highly effective. 该药结果

9、非常有效。（6）表示持续的连系动词。这类词主要有remain, keep, stay等。e.g. He always keeps silent at the meeting. 开会时他总是保持沉默。,一、动词的分类和作用,3. 助动词（1）助动词 be 可以和过去分词构成被动语态，或与现在分 词构成各种进行时态。e.g. History is made by the people. 历史是人民创造的。e.g. She is doing her homework now. 她正在做家庭作业。,一、动词的分类和作用,3. 助动词（2）助动词 do / does 主要用来帮助实义动词构成否定、疑问等

10、形式，也可在一般现在时或一般过去时的句子中，置于实义动词原形前起强调作用。e.g. Do you like her talk show? 你喜欢她的脱口秀吗？（do构成一般疑问句）e.g. My father doesnt have lunch at home. 我父亲不在家吃午饭。（does构成 第三人称单数的否定句）e.g. I do want to have a talk with you. 我的确想和你谈一谈。（do表示强调）,一、动词的分类和作用,3. 助动词（3）助动词 have / has / had 主要和过去分词一起构成各种完成时态。e.g. Since it began i

11、n 1951, we have given awards to films from all around the globe. 从1951年创办开始，我们给来自全球各地的电影颁奖。（现在完成时）e.g. How long had he been away when you arrived? 你到来时他已经走了多 长时间了？（过去完成时）,一、动词的分类和作用,4.情态动词情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，用来表示说话人对某一状态或动作的态度或看法。e.g. If you wont keep quiet, you can get out. 不愿意保持安静，你可以出

12、去。e.g. You shouldnt laugh at him when he is in trouble. 当他处于困境时你不应 该嘲笑他。,一、动词的分类和作用,二、动词的形式和构成,动词原形,第三人称单数,过去式,过去分词,现在分词,动词的形式,1. 动词原形动词原形是指使用英语时动词本身的形态。 be have look do learn jumpe.g. We must study hard and make progress every day. 我们 必须好好学习，天天向上。,二、动词的形式和构成,二、动词的形式和构成,2. 第三人称单数(1) 一般情况下由动词后加-s构成 w

13、ork works read reads(2) 以s, x, z, sh, ch 以及字母o结尾的动词，后加-es： guess guesses mix mixes go goes buzz buzzes finish finishes catch catches,2. 第三人称单数(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-es： fly flies study studies【注】 有个别动词变化不规则，如have / has, be / is等。 在s, x, z, sh, ch 后的es读作iz，如watches, wishes等。,二、动词的形式和构成,3. 过去式和过去分

14、词(1) 一般情况下，在动词后加ed构成： work worked stay stayed shout shouted visit visited(2) 在以-e结尾的动词后只加d： close closed like liked live lived smile smiled,二、动词的形式和构成,(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-ed。 study studied carry carried(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词， 要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed。 stop stopped admit admitted refer referred

15、prefer preferred,二、动词的形式和构成,注意：（1）以字母l结尾的动词，若末尾一个音节为重读音节，则必须双写l再加-ed， 如: control controlled。 但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节，则可双写l或不双写l， 如：travel travel(l)ed。 (2) 词尾-ed 读音规则是：在清辅音后读作t，元音和浊辅音后读作d，在辅 音t或d后读作id，如：developed，expressed，visited。,二、动词的形式和构成,4.现在分词(1) 一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成： work working sleep sleeping(2) 在不发音的-e

16、结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing： smile smiling move moving,二、动词的形式和构成,(3) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing： sit sitting plan planning refer referring occur occurring(4) 以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将 ie 改为 y，再加-ing： die dying lie lying tie tying,二、动词的形式和构成,注意：(1) 以字母l结尾的动词，若末尾一个音节为重读音节，则必须双写l再加ing，如control controlling，但若末

17、尾一个音节为非重读音节，则可双写l或不双写l，如travel travel(l)ing。(2) 名词变复数、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级、动词变过去式和过去分词等都有“改y规则”，但动词的现在分词没有“改y规则”。,二、动词的形式和构成,Step 4: Language practice,1. （2018天津）Its easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so its important to _ a good map before you set out. A. study B. display C. deliver D. publis

18、h 答案：A2. （2016浙江）We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite, rather than _. A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon 答案: A,3. The girls face _ red. A. turned B. smelled C. felt D. proved答案：A4. (2017北京) Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top sh

19、elf. A. must B. should C. can D. need答案: C,Step 5: Practical application,Jim likes playing football. And he also _ (enjoy) watching football matches. As he _ (have) enough money to buy tickets, he has to watch them on TV at home if he _ (have) time. But he always goes to school from Monday to Friday

20、 and _ (miss) a lot of important matches. One afternoon there _ (be) the biggest match of the year in America. Jim _ (hope) to watch it on TV very much, but he couldnt. They _ (have) a science test the next morning and he had to get ready for it. “Can we have a video, Mum?” Jim asked before he went

21、to school. “Then you _ (record) the football matches for me.” “Im afraid we cant buy one.” said his mother. But the next afternoon in _ (come) Jim, with a new video in his arms. “How did you pay for that , Jim?” his mother asked him in surprise. “Thats easy, Mum,” answered the boy, “I _(sell) our TV set.”,enjoys,can record,hoped,would have,came,misses,has,was,hasnt,have sold,Step 6: Homework,作业：第一、复习本节课所学知识点，以思维导图的方式进行总结。第二、请大家分析，近三年天津高考完型中所有动词的考察， 并按照动词分类进行总结，从而强化所学知识。,Thank you!,