综合教程新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材教师课件.ppt

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1、Unit 5The Real Truth about Lies,Warming up activities,1.If your good friend buys a new dress or a new mobile phone which you dislike intensely, and asks for your opinion about it, what will you say?2.When do you think people lie?3. Why do people lie?4.To whom do people most likely to lie?5. How woul

2、d you feel if somebody lied to you for your own good?6. Whats your view of white lies?7. Have you ever lied? examples,About text I,Topic The Real Truth about Lieswhite liesSelected from Readers Digest in the November, 1999Journalistic styleShort paragraphs-18 parasArgumentative writing,The Universit

3、y of Virginia,The University of Virginia is distinctive among institutions of higher education. Founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1819, the University is public and remains the No. 2 best , according to the 2005 US News & World Report. Numerous distinguished alumni graduated from the university and now

4、 dominate various areas.,Bella DePaulo,Professor Bella M. DePaulo is specialized in Social Psychology. For more than 20 years, She has studied the communication of deception. More recently, she has also been studying the social psychology of singles. She received her Ph. D. from Harvard University i

5、n 1979. She is the author of more than 100 publications, and her work has been funded by NSF(国家科学基金会), NIMH(国家精神卫生研究院), and the National Academy of Education.,Josephson Institute of Ethics,The Joseph & Edna Josephson Institute of Ethics is a public-benefit, nonprofit, nonpartisan无党派 and nonsectarian

6、无宗派 membership organization founded by Michael Josephson in honor of his parents.,While-reading questions,How does the writer begin with the topic?How does he convince the readers “the real truth ” of lies?Find out words, phrases, expressions or sentences to indicate the consequences of lies?,After-

7、reading questions,What is the tone of the author in the text?What is the authors attitude towards lies?What is the authors viewpoint in the text?What are the features of the text?What is your viewpoint of the topic?,Text comprehension,Tone : objectiveView: negativeWay of convincing: scientific resea

8、rch; example; scholarly quotation,1. What does Professor Bella DePaulos study indicate about lying? What do most people think about lying?A: The study suggests that lying is a common phenomenon and most of the lies we tell are small, insignificant. She also points out that different sexes lie for di

9、fferent reasons, but nobody that lies suffers from a guilty conscience.,Answer the following questions (page161),2. Why do people tell white lies? Do you think the lies will be well received once they are exposed?A: According to the passage, the nature of white lies is to seek self-interest: People

10、tell white lies basically for self-promoting purposes. White lies may have different receptions in different cultures. In western cultures as is illustrated by the example, white lies may not be well received as the people value honesty and integrity more than caring and face value; but in the easte

11、rn cultures, they may be received as a sign of concern and respect for each others face.,3. What, according to the author, would be the consequences of lying?A: The consequences of lying fall into three aspects: The deceived may feel cheated and wont trust the liar any more; the liar will lose trust

12、 from the deceived and get entangled in the lies he fabricates; and the society as a whole would falter and collapse as its members do not trust each other any more.,4. Are all white lies unacceptable? What is the yardstick of acceptable lies?A: Not all white lies are unacceptable. Some falsehoods l

13、ike setting somebody up for a surprise party or telling children about the tooth fairy can be justified. However, you have to consider the attitude of the deceived towards lying and the consequences, i.e. whether your act will undermine his trust in you.,Structural analysis of the text,Part 1paras 1

14、6Introducing the topic by reporting two survey results.Part 2paras 7-11Telling little white lies is a common practice and the reason for telling such lies by citing an examplePart 3paras 12-15The consequences of telling liesPart 4paras 16-18Discussing whether lies should be avoided at all costs,Part

15、 1 (Para.1-6)The writer introduces the topic by reporting two survey results.,My son associated with some dishonest boys. V结交We often associate Egypt with the Nile. v.联系 I benefit much from association with you.,astound v. to make somebody very surprised or shocked 使惊骇，大吃一惊It astounds me that he has

16、 taken bribes. His remarkable memory astounded us.他非凡的记忆力使我们大吃一惊。astounding adj. astounded adj. We were astounded by his astounding memory.,confound vt. to confuse and surprise people, causing them to be unable to explain or deal with a situation 使困惑，惊慌失措，混淆His choice may confound us all.Our clever

17、tactics confounded our opponents. 我们的巧妙战术弄得对手不知所措。 Dont confound the means with the ends. 不要把手段和目的混淆起来。confoundedconfoundedly,Consult your dictionary v.Consultant n.Consultation n.,cynic n.愤世嫉俗的人a cynical smile 讥讽的笑 adj.cynical attitude 玩世不恭态度His cynicism about life will do harm to his career. n.,de

18、ceive v.deception n.deceptive adj.deceit 骗术 a deceitful boy 爱撒谎骗人的deceive sb. into believing that,falter v. lose power or strength in an uneven way, thus no longer making much progress 蹒跚，踉跄;颤抖;摇摇欲坠 The sick man faltered a few steps and then fell.这个病人摇摇晃晃1地走了几步, 然后就跌倒了。The business faltered and then

19、 failed.商行生意衰退, 最后倒闭了。Our hopes will not falter in adversity. 我们的信心在逆境中也不会动摇胆怯2。He faltered out a few words.他支吾3地说出了几句。 n.摇晃, 支吾, 踌躇胆怯, 不稳I detected a falter in her voice.我察觉她的嗓音发颤。,feign: v. to pretend to have or be; to put on a false air of He feigned death. Feign his fathers voice 装出父亲的声音feign sl

20、eep 装睡 feign an excuse to his boss 捏造借口He feigned surprise and they all believed him.,invariably: ad. alwaysIts invariably rainy when I take my holidays. 他很健忘，总是忘了拿钥匙。He is forgetful, and invariably forgets to take his keys.,VaryVariousVariableVariablyInvariablyvaried,lubricantlubricate v. lubricati

21、on n.,erception n.His analysis of the problem showed great perception.perceive v.perceptive adj. 有感觉有悟性的,Preoccupation n.His greatest preoccupation was how to find money for a holiday.Preoccupy v.be preoccupied by family troubles.be preoccupied with the thoughts of the coming examination.,revaricati

22、on: n. the state of avoiding giving a direct answer or making a firm decision 支吾，搪塞When we questioned the authorities on the subject, we were met by prevarication.The report was full of lies and prevarications.evasion-evadeprevaricate vi. prevaricator (fml.) To stray from or evade the truth; equivoc

23、ate, to tell lies. 支吾，搪塞，说谎,Profess v. to make a claim (of / about)James professed to know everything about sculpture. He professed the greatest respect for the law.profession n.1宣称主张, 2职业专业- professional writer,proliferation : n. a rapid increase in the amount or number of something Smoking trigger

24、s off cell proliferation. the proliferation of nuclear weaponsproliferate v. Over the past two years, computer companies have proliferated.prolific adj.,undit : n. a person who is an authority on a particular subject; an expertWeve invited a foreign-policy pundit to give us a lecture. 专家client: n. s

25、omebody who pays for services or advice from a person or organization eg. a solicitor and his client 客户Cf: a shopkeeper and his customer 顾客,serial play 连续剧serial number 序列号serial story 连载小说serially adv.serialize v.以连续方式出版或制作,tangle v. n. to cause to come a confuse mass of disordered and twisted thre

26、ads使缠结，纠缠不清，乱成一团 The wind tangled her hair. The complex, tangled politics of this region 错综复杂的政治 The wool was in such a tangle that it was useless. Long hair tangles easily.tangled: a. 乱蓬的，复杂的，纠缠难解的After listening to his speech， I thought his ideas and opinions were so tangled that I could not vote

27、for him.,Undermine vt. to gradually make sb. or sth. less strong or effective 暗中破坏，逐渐削弱The waves had undermined the cliff. 波浪冲刷侵蚀悬崖的底部。 Her jealousy undermines our friendship. The presidents enemies are spreading rumors to undermine his authority.The bad cold had undermined her health.,warp v. n. to

28、 (cause to) turn or twist out of shape 使歪曲，变形 The wood warps easily in damp conditions. 门一定是变形了，总关不上。The door must be warped. It wont close properly.He has a warped mind. 他的心态不正常。Her views of man had been warped by several bad experience.,condemn 谴责condemnation,blurt out : to say something suddenly

29、and without thinking, usually because one is nervous or excited 脱口而出To our surprise,he blurted his secret out at table. 当被问及将来想做什么工作时，约翰脱口而出他希望成为一名电脑程序员。When being asked what he wants to do in the future, John blurted out that he dreamed of becoming a computer programmer.,wear down: v.to reduce or b

30、ecome weaker until useless 磨损，损耗 疲乏Heavy traffic and variable weather can wear down the surface of the road. Batteries wear down gradually.,earth-shattering: of the greatest importance to the whole world 惊天动地的;极其重大的 After years of hard work, they finally made an earth-shattering discovery. The new i

31、nvention is of earth-shattering importance.总统被暗杀是震憾全世界的重大事件。 The Presidents assassination was an event of earth-shattering importance.,ethics n. ethical adj. unethical adj.,spare ones feelings : to avoid doing something that would upset somebody 避免使人难过，难堪He simply wished to minimize the fuss and to

32、spare her feelings. We carefully avoided mentioning the news to spare his feelings.,Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBIinvestigatesurveysb. be surveyed,White lieWhite elephantWhite flagWhite collarWhite paper,Part 2 (Para.7-11)By citing an example in this part, the writer goes on to explain that tell

33、ing little white lies is a common practice and the reasons for telling such lies are familiar - we do not want to hurt others.,Questions:1) What are little white lies?A1: Little white lies are those harmless lies that are told so as not to hurt someone else,2) According to the writer, what could be

34、considered nice lies?A2: According to the writer, all these could be considered nice lies: complimenting people on their appearance, expressing appreciation for gifts or food.,3) What does this sentence mean: What a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to deceive ?A3: When we tell a fib, ver

35、y likely we will have to tell more lies to cover up the lie we have told. One lie will lead to more lies. Then we will get ourselves entangled with the web we weave.,ubiquitous: a. seeming to be everywhere 到处存在的,普遍存在的 By the end of last century, the computer had become ubiquitous. Discussion: What i

36、s ubiquitous in your life?,Part 3 (Para.12-15) This part deals with the consequences of telling lies.,Question:What is the grave consequence of telling lies? A1: The ubiquitousness of lies may cause people to be distrustful of each other, thus leading to the collapse of the whole society.,associate

37、with 与-联系在一起association with 结交I benefit much from my association with you.We often associate Egypt with the Nile.,Part 4 (Para.16-18)In this part, the writer discusses whether lies should be avoided at all costs.,Questions:What does an exchange of . the principle of trust for the principle of carin

38、g mean?A: The rule of honesty is violated so as to establish the principle of showing love and care.,set up roadblock 设置路障set up a committee 建立，设立High wind sets up dangerous driving conditions.造成，引起We are set up with sufficient food. 供应A week in the country will set her up nicely after her operation

39、.她手术后在郊外住上一个星期一定能复原.Some one is setting me up. 陷害,rule of thumb a rough method of calculation, based on practical experience 经验法则，基本原则I never weigh anything when Im cooking I just do it by rule of thumb.我烹饪从来不称重量只是凭经验下料。 A teachers most basic rule of thumb is to be patient. 教师最根本的法则是耐心。,For the char

40、ge rate, refer to the attachment. 参考，查阅We often refer to these books in our work. 参考，查阅The world peace refers to everyone of us. 涉及，关系refer to - as - 把-称作-,a rule of thumbhave ten thumbsunder sbs thumba thumb liftThumb; index (forefinger); middle finger; ring finger; small finger (little finger),Discussion,To Lie or Not to Lie? -The Doctors Dilemma,Memorable Quote,While all deception requires secrecy, all secrecy is not meant to deceive. -Sissela BokHow do you understand it?,Writing practice,Write an essay of about 300 words on the following topic:My View of Telling Lies,