托福阅读难点题型解题思路实例分析.doc

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1、托福阅读难点题型解题思路实例分析 托福阅读难点题型解题思路实例分析, 句子简化题做法介绍。今天给大家带来托福阅读难点题型解题思路实例分析,希望可以帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读难点题型解题思路实例分析 句子简化题做法介绍托福阅读句子简化题怎么做?托福阅读的句子简化题要求考生快速地把*段落中打上阴影的一个长难句简化成一个意思不变的同义句。解答句子简化题其实有一个规律，那就是：原句的核心信息在正确选项中一定被同义改写了，但是句子中的重要的逻辑关系是不会变的。知道这个规律，解开这道题就变得简单了。托福阅读句子简化题解题技巧实例讲解下面，我们来看官方真题Official3Dese

2、rtification这篇*的句子简化题：The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendousnumbers of people affected, as well as from thegreat difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.A Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse a

3、nd affects largeareas of land and great numbers of people.B Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread overlarge areas of land.C The spread of deserts is considered a very seriousproblem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in

4、various countriesare involved in the effort.D Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless thepopulation is reduced in the vast areas affected.很多托福考生在做句子简化题时，习惯性地把待简化的句子翻译成中文，那样做其实不仅慢，而且很容易乱。正确的做法是：1.找出句子的主谓宾，也就是谁做了什么，然后关注句子的逻辑关系。例题的主语是：seriousness of desertification，逻辑关系词是表示原因的：result from，所

5、以我们可以优先看有表示原因的选项，他们中若有正确答案，那么剩下的选项就无需过问了。这样做不仅快，而且效率高。我们不难发现：A选项中有because;B选项中有because of;所以我们先看这两个选项。2.我们还发现原因用as well as相连，说明是两个原因，一个是影响land和people，一个是reverse和slowthe process很难。A选项正确表达了句意，而B选项把原文中并列的两个原因变成了因果关系，很明显是错的。托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：Successin colonization.托福阅读100个长难句实例分析原句案例：Successin coloniz

6、ation depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization - a safe site where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level at which the invading species can beco

7、me established.结构划分：Success in colonization depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization - (a safe site) (where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a lev

8、el) (at which the invading species can become established.)深度分析：这个句子的主干就是：Success in colonization depends (to a great extent) on there being a site (available for colonization)注意depend on被短语to a great extent(很大程度)隔开了，断句不要出现问题，后面还有一个放在后面的形容词短语(available for colonization)修饰a site修饰一：(a safe site) ，同位语

9、，解说说明前面的a site中文：一个安全的地点修饰二：(where disturbance by fire or bycutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level) ，从句这个从句有点复杂：where disturbance (by fire or by cutting down of trees) has either removed competing species

10、 or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level(by fire or by cutting down oftrees)，介词修饰放在后面disturbance注意这里有一个并列结构，either oreither removed competing speciesor reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level中文：在那里由于焚烧或伐木要么移除了竞争物种，要么减低了竞争水平和其它负面的物种

11、间相互影响的水平修饰三：(at which the invading species can become established.) ，从句中文：入侵物种能够定居下来。参考翻译：成功的移居很大程度上依赖于有一个可用的移居的地点，即一个安全的地点，在那里由于焚烧或伐木要么移除了竞争物种，要么把物种间的竞争和其他负面的物种间相互影响减少到让入侵物种能够定居下来。托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：Many prehistorians believe.托福阅读100个长难句实例分析原句案例：Many prehistorians believe that farming may have eme

12、rged dependently in several different areas of the world when small communities, driven by increasing population and a decline in available food resources, began to plant seeds in the ground in an effort to guarantee their survival.结构划分：Many prehistorians believe that farming may have emerged depend

13、ently (in several different areas of the world) (when small communities, (driven by increasing population and a decline in available food resources), began to plant seeds in the ground in an effort to guarantee their survival).深度分析：这个句子的主干是：Many prehistorians believe that从句从句中的主干是：farming may have e

14、merged dependently修饰一：(in several different areas of the world)，介词短语中文：在世界几个不同地区修饰二：(driven by increasing population and a decline inavailable food resources)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词修饰small communities中文：迫于人口不断增长和可用食物资源减修饰三：(when small communities began to plant seeds in the ground in an effort to guarantee th

15、eir survival)，从句请大家注意此处的断句问题。从句的主谓被非谓语给隔开了。就是它：(driven by increasing population and a decline inavailable food resources)中文：当一些小的群落开始在地里种植种子去努力保证他们生存时参考翻译：许多史前学家认为：当一些小的群落迫于人口不断增长和可用食物资源减少压力，开始在地里种植种子去努力保证他们生存时，农业可能在世界几个不同地区就独立出现了。托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：Chinese papermakers.托福阅读100个长难句实例分析原句案例：It has be

16、en said that Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners captured in a battle fought near Samarqand between the Chineseand the Muslims in 751, and the technique of papermaking - in which cellulosepulp extracted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and the

17、n dried into flexible sheets - slowly spread westward.词汇讲解：cellulose /selj?l?z/ n. 纤维素pulp /p?lp/ n. 果肉;纸浆extract /?kstr?kt/ vt. 取出，拔出;压出, 榨出(汁液等);选录，摘录suspend /s?spend/ vt. 悬挂或吊起某物;使(某物)悬浮;使(某事物)暂停screen n. (筛煤 砾石等的)筛子flexible /fl?ks?bl/ adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的， 有弹性的结构划分：It has been said that Chinese paperma

18、kers were among the prisoners (capturedin a battle)(fought near Samarqand)(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751), and the technique of papermaking - (in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible

19、sheets) - slowly spread westward.深度分析：这个句子的主干是：It has been said that + 从句从句的主干是：Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners and the technique of papermaking slowly spread westward修饰一：(captured in a battle)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词，修饰the prisoners中文：在战争中被俘修饰二：(fought near Samarqand)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词，修饰battle中文：在撒马尔

20、罕附近修饰三：(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751)，介词短语中文：在751年，在中国和穆斯林之间修饰四：(in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of severalplants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets)，从句，修饰the technique of papermaking注意：从句里面还有一个非谓语动词修饰cellulosepulpcellulose pulp (extracted from any ofseveral plants) is first suspended in water中文：首先从几颗植物中提取纤维素纸浆悬浮在水中，在精致的筛子上过滤，然后烘干成有韧性的纸张参考翻译：据说在751年，在中国和穆斯林之间，在撒马尔罕附近的一场战役中，中国的造纸匠被虏成为囚犯，这样造纸术(首先从几颗植物中提取纤维素纸浆悬浮在水中，在精致的筛子上过滤，然后烘干成有韧性的纸张)才缓慢向西方传播。托福阅读难点题型解题思路实例分析