呼吸系统组织学和胚胎学课件.ppt

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1、Respiratory system,2020/11/4,1,2020/11/41,Respiratory system,2020/11/4,2,Respiratory system2020/11/42,Nasal cavity, pharynx & larynx. Trachea & bronchi.Lung.,2020/11/4,3,Nasal cavity, pharynx & larynx,一、trachea,2020/11/4,4,一、trachea2020/11/44,trachea (HE),Mixed gland,2020/11/4,5,mucosasubmucosaadven

2、titiatrach,EM: epithelium of trachea,4. Small granule C,1.Ciliated C,2.Brush C,3.Goblet C,5.Basal C,2020/11/4,6,EM: epithelium of trachea4. Sm,The wall of trachea,1. Mucosa=epithelium+lamina propria pseudostratiated ciliated columnar Ciliated C, goblet C, brush C, basal C, small granular C.2. Submuc

3、osa=CT+ mixed glands3. Adventitia=16-20 C shaped hayline cartilage rings.,2020/11/4,7,The wall of trachea1. Mucosa=e,atmosphere & alveoli alveoli & blood (blood & tissue),Gas exchange,二、lung,2020/11/4,8,atmosphere & alveoliGas excha,Lung Low power,2020/11/4,9,Lung 2020/11/49,lung,parenchyma: bronchi

4、al trees & alveoli .Principal bronchi(Br)lobular、segmental Brsmaller Brbronchioleterminal bronchiolerespiratory bronchiolealveolar duct、alveolar sacalveoli.Conduction portion : above terminal bronchioles. Respiratory portion :respiratory bronchiole to alveoli.Pulmonary lobule: bronchiole and its ram

5、ifications.,2020/11/4,10,lungparenchyma: bronchial tree,Conduction portionlobular Br & small Br,EpitheliumGoblet CGlandsCartilage plateSMC,2020/11/4,11,Conduction portionEpithelium2,Conduction portionbronchiole & terminal brochiole,Simple ciliated columnar.Goblet C （）Gland （）Cartilage plate （）SMC,20

6、20/11/4,12,Conduction portionSimple cili,Rules of structural variance in conducting portion,2020/11/4,13,Rules of structural variance i,Respiratory portionRespiratory bronchiole,The wall is interruptedSimple cuboidal Epi, clara CSMC,2020/11/4,14,Respiratory portionThe wall i,Respiratory portionAlveo

7、lar duct & alveolar sac,The wall, many alveoliSMC*Simple cuboidal, squamous,Alveolar duct,Alveolar sac,No SMC*,2020/11/4,15,Respiratory portionThe wall,Respiratory portionalveolus,肺泡管,Simple alveolar Epi.,2020/11/4,16,Respiratory portionalveolus肺泡,(1) Respiratory portion,#constituents：respiratory br

8、onchiole，alveolar duct，alveolar sac，alveolus。1.Respiratory bronchioleThe wall, few alveoli open into.Simple cuboidal Epi,SMC.,2020/11/4,17,(1) Respiratory portion#cons,(2) Respiratory portion,2.Alveolar duct & alveolar sacThe wall, many alveoli open into.Knobs in the wall of alveolar duct Knobs is s

9、phincter-like SMC.,2020/11/4,18,(2) Respiratory portion2.Alveo,(3) Respiratory portion,3. alveolus: type I alveolar C type II alveolar C alveolar septum.,2020/11/4,19,(3) Respiratory portion3. alve,Type II alveolar C,macrophage,Elastic fiber,2020/11/4,20,Type II alveolar CmacrophageEl,type I alveola

10、r C,2020/11/4,21,type I alveolar C2020/11/421,Type II alveolar C,Osmiophilic Multilamellar bodies,2020/11/4,22,Type II alveolar COsmiophilic,blood-air barrier,2020/11/4,23,blood-air barrier2020/11/423,Alveoli,Type I cellsquamous, covered most surface of the alveoli .,Type II cellLM: round or cuboida

11、l, cell body protrude into the lumen.EM: osmiophilic multilamellar body, with abundant phospholipids.Functions: secret surfactant, reduce surface tension, stabilize alveoli.,2020/11/4,24,AlveoliType I cellType II cell,Alveolar septum: continuous Cap., elastic fiber. macrophage dust C.blood-air barri

12、er includes:1.mucus layer on surface of alveoli2.type I alveolar C3.BM of alveolar C4.delicate layer of CT5.continuous Cap. BM6.continuous Cap. Endothelium.,2020/11/4,25,Alveolar septum: continuous Ca,Terminalbronchiole,Respiratorybronchiole,Alveolar duct,Alveolar sac,1,2,3,4,2020/11/4,26,TerminalRe

13、spiratoryAlveolar du,Rules of structural variance in respiratory portion,2020/11/4,27,Rules of structural variance i,Alveolar epithelial cell,Type I cell can not regenerate.Type II cell can differentiate into Type I cell .,*,2020/11/4,28,Alveolar epithelial cellshapec,keypoints,The basic structure of trachea.Histologic structure of conduction portion.Histologic structure of respiratory portion.Esp. the alveolar epithelium,2020/11/4,29,keypointsThe basic structure o,Thank you !,2020/11/4,30,Thank you !2020/11/430,