主系表结构讲解ppt课件.ppt
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1、t课件,1,I am Tom,Lesson 1,简单句,概念:只有一个主谓结构,且句子的各个成 分都只有单词、词组或短语充当的句子叫简单句。,2,t课件,简单句的五种基本句型,主语 +谓语(不及物动词)+(状语) eg : A bird can fly . 鸟会飞主语 +谓语(连系动词)+ 表语 eg: she is away from home . 她不在家主语 +谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语 eg: I love you . 我爱你主语 +谓语(及物动词)+ 双宾(间接宾语和直接宾语),3,t课件,eg: He shows me his passport . 他把护照给我看主语 +谓语(及物动
2、词)+宾语+宾语补足语 eg: I wish all of you happy . 我祝你们大家幸福,4,t课件,主系表结构,主语 (Subject) 主语是一句话的中心,表示所说的是什么,其位置一般放在句首,英语中主语一般不省略。主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。 eg: Li Lei is a Chinese boy .(Li lei 是名词,作主语) eg: He is from England .(He是代词,作主语)系动词(Link verb) 简单的说,将主语和表语联系在一起,并构成一个,5,t课件,完整句子的动词叫做系动词。目前学到的系动词有:Be、fe
3、el、look、sound、taste、seem、smell. eg: This flower is beautiful . eg: I felt very tired . eg: You look worried .,6,t课件,表语(predicative) 表语是用来修饰主语的,说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语位于系动词之后。表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的ing形式、不定式、从句来充当 eg: I am fine . He is a boy . We are here . He is not at home .,7,t课件,Y,8,t课件,口诀,我跟am你跟a
4、re, is连着他她它,单数主语跟is, 复数主语全跟are,变疑问,be提前, 句末问号别忘记,变否定,更容易, be加not要牢记。,9,t课件,代词(1)-人称代词,人称代词 I you he she it we you they,10,t课件,Lesson 2,My name is Tom,11,t课件,词类,12,t课件,代词(2)-物主代词,13,t课件,Lesson 3,These are books,14,t课件,主系表结构(2)-These are,15,t课件,注意: 1.主语为this 或that的一般疑问句,答句中主语要用it 而不用this 或that . 2.主语为
5、these 或those的一般疑问句,答句中主语要用they而不用these或those.,16,t课件,选择疑问句,1.选择疑问句不可用Yes或No回答,其他选择选择的两个部分语法成分必须相同. Is he tall or short ? He is short . 3.选择疑问句是由or连接的.,17,t课件,2.选择疑问句的语调是前升后 降. Is he tall or short ?3.选择疑问句是由or连接的. Is he tall or short ?,18,t课件,19,t课件,练习题,一、主系表结构(用am ,is ,are 填空) 1.That banana _ yellow
6、. 2.What _ these ? “Theyre sheep . ” 3.The child _ in the room . 4._these your oranges? Yes , they _ . 5.I _ seven years old .,are,is,is,Are,are,am,20,t课件,二、按要求完成句子. 1.This is an apple .(变为复数) 2.Those apples are red .(变为否定句) 3.These books are new . (变为一般疑 问句),These are apples.,Those apples are not r
7、ed.,Are these books new?,21,t课件,4.Are these bananas ?(作肯定回答) 5.They are cups .(对划线部分提问),Yes , they are.,What are they?,22,t课件,三、选择疑问句. 1. Is she thin or fat ?(用fat作答) 2. Is the bay(海峡) new or old ?(用new作答) 3.你的英语老师老还是年轻?,She is fat.,The bay is new.,Is your English teacher young or old?,23,t课件,4.Thos
8、e are hens. (用ducks改为选择疑问句) 5.Is your father tall or short ?(用short作答),Are those hens or ducks?,He is short.,24,t课件,Lesson 4,Those are buses,25,t课件,名词(2)-名词复数,名词词尾加s,26,t课件,一般规则名词复数,一般规则名词,只需在该名词后加s,即构成复数。 1.清辅音音素结尾s,读/s/ : deskdesks 2.浊辅音音素结尾s,读/z/ : bedbeds 3.元音音素结尾s,读/z/ : playplays,27,t课件,特殊规则名词
9、复数,1.以/s/、/z/、/ / 、/ /、/ /等读音结尾的名词,加(e)s构成复数,读/. classclasses dishdishes 2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾名词变y为 i ,再加 es ,读作/z/. babybabies storystories 3.以字母o结尾的名词变复数. 有的加s, zoozoos bamboo-bamboos,28,t课件,hoto-photos kilo-kilos piano-pianos video-videos radio -radios kangaroo-kangaroos有的加 es, hero-heroes potato-potatoe
10、s tomato-tomatoes 英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。 注意:无论加s还是es,都读作/z/.,29,t课件,特殊名词单、复数,1.单、复数同行 deer(鹿)、sheep 、fish、Chinese Japanese 2.只用作复数 people(人们) police(警察) cattle(牛群) a people(民族) 3.不规则变化 manmen woman-women foot-feet child-children tooth-teeth mouse-mice,30,t课件,练习题,一、根据汉语完成句子,每空一词。 1._(谁)are the men under the tre
11、e ? _(他们)are our teachers . 2.Those are not _(你的)shoes. _(他们)are Toms. 3.These are _(他们的)books. _(你们的)books are there . 4.This is _(我们的)teacher .,Who,They,your,They,their,Your,Our,31,t课件,_(她)is from America. 5._(我)am a teacher . _(我的)father is a teacher , too.二、选词填空. 1._(He/His) is Jack. _(He/His)ca
12、p is yellow . 2.Linda is my good friend. _(We/our)are in the same school .,She,I,My,He,His,We,32,t课件,3. Whats _(you/your)name? My name is Mike. 4. We like _(we/our) school. 5. Is this your bag? No , it isnt . _(I/my)bag is in the desk .,your,our,My,33,t课件,Lesson 5,Whats that ?,34,t课件,主系表结构(3)-特殊疑问句,
13、1.自然语序 疑问词作主语或修饰主语时,特殊疑问句呈自然语序。 who invented the compass ? 谁发明了指南针? 2.倒装语序 疑问词作其他成分时,特殊疑问句呈半倒装语序,疑问词+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他部分。,35,t课件,what are you boss doing ? 老板在干什么?注意: 如果谓语是连系动词,或是have(有) 这样的特殊疑问句呈倒装语序,即:疑问词+连系动词(或have)+主语+其它部分. What people is BBC English for? 英语是为什么人服务的?,36,t课件,37,t课件,疑问词的使用,一、用What
14、提问 问“什么”如: This is a knife .-What is this ? 这是小刀。 -这是什么? 1.问“职业”如: What is he ? -He is a typist. 他是干什么的?-他是个打字员。,38,t课件,What do you do ? -Im a teacher . 你是干什么的? -我是当老师的。 2.问“人口、面积、年龄、形状、距离、 号码、数”。 What is the shape of her eyes ? 她的眼睛是什么样子? 3.问“长度、高度、宽度、深度、厚度、 重量”。 What weight is the elephant ? 这头象有多
15、重?,39,t课件,4.问“大小、尺码、价格、颜色”。 What is the size of the suitcase ? 这只手提箱有多大? 二. How的用法 1.问“多少” How much success did he have ? 他取得了多大的成功? 2.问“价格” How much is the shoes?,40,t课件,3. 问“数量” How much do you want ? 你要多少? 4.问“程度” How much do you like it ? 你有多喜欢它。三.短语用法. how long 时间多长、多久 how soon 多久 how far 多远 ho
16、w old 年龄多大 how often 多频繁 how tall(high、long、wide、thick、deep多高、长、宽、厚、深。),how large 多大 how many 多少,41,t课件,Lesson 6This book is mine,42,t课件,代词(3)-名词性物主代词,43,t课件,名词(2)-名词所有格,一、s式所有格 1.在单数名词和无s结尾的复数名词后加s,构成s所有格. Tom s cat . 汤姆的猫 2.以s结尾的复数名词后只加 girls school 女校 3.以s结尾的专有名词后加s或 Mr Joness car 琼斯先生的汽车 4.组合词的s
17、加在最后一个词后面. an hour or twos time 一两个小时的时间,44,t课件,二、of 式所有格 of +名词构成of式所有格,修饰前面的名词.它可用来表示这两个名词之间的所属关系.这种所有格多用于无生命的名词. the legs of the table(=the tables legs) 桌子的腿注意: 有些表达只能用of 结构式 . the cost of living 生活费用 the price of success 成功的代价 the freedom of speech 言论自由,45,t课件,三、双重所有格 of 加s 所有格或of +名词性物主代词,这种格叫双
18、重所有格. He is a friend of mine .他是我的一个朋友 of +名词性物主代词,也属双重所有格. He is a friend of hers .他是她的一个朋友.,46,t课件,名词(2)-名词所有格,Whose shirt is this ? Its Janes skirt. / Its Janes . Its her skirt . / Its hers . Whose caps are these ? Theyre Jims caps ./ Theyre Jims . Theyre his caps ./ Theyre his .,47,t课件,练习题名词所有格,
19、Jane( ) boy( ) dog( ) Teachers( ) students( ) James( )或( ) Bob and Rob( ) room Bob( ) and Rob ( ) room today( ) China( ) the legs ( ) the table,48,t课件,Lesson 7,What time is it ?,49,t课件,三种时间表示法,50,t课件,时间表示法,What time is it ? = (Whats the time ?),51,t课件,注意,1.分钟是15时一般用a quarter 来代替fifteen,分钟 是30时一般用hal
20、f来代替thirty . 2. a.m.( = in the morning 表示上午 ). p.m.( = in the afternoon 表示下午) .,52,t课件,Its time for.该是.的时候了 介词for后面跟名词,如:class ,school , breakfast, lunch, supper , sports ,bed 等。 Its time to后跟动词. Its time to go to school .,53,t课件,数词所有格,数词还可以用所有格形式及加连字符相当于形容词。 one weeks meeting five minutes walk a on
21、e-week meeting a five minutes walk a ten-year-old girl,54,t课件,练习题,1.用英语表示下列时间. 1:20 3:55 8:05 10:30 12:15 12:30,one : twenty,five to four,eight o five,half past ten,a quarter twelve,half past twelve,55,t课件,2.仿照 例句写句子.Model 1:6:00 get up Its six oclock .Its time to get up .Model 2:7:00 school Its sev
22、en oclock .Its time for school . 1. 7:10 go to school 2. 7:45 go to the classroom 3. 16:20 play football 4. 17:40 go back home 5. 20:55 go to bed 6. 9:00 class,56,t课件,3.按要求写句子。 1.What time is it ?(同义句) 2.Its time for breakfast .(同义句) 3.Twenty and five is twenty-five .(就画线部分提问) _ _ twenty and five ?
23、4.Its seven twenty now .(就画线部分提问) _ _ is it now ?,What s the time ?,Its time to have breakfast .,How,much,What,time,57,t课件,Lesson 8,Two and three is five,58,t课件,数词(1)-基数词,1.概念:表示 数目的词叫基数词.,59,t课件,101 one hundred and one 236 Two hundred and thirty six注意:A.1在数字开头时,既可译成a ,也可译成 one .如: 146 :a(one)hundre
24、d and forty-six 1038:a(one)thousand and thirty-eight,60,t课件,61,t课件,练习题,1.单项选择.( )Its time _class. A . for B .to C .on ( )Its time _. A .go to school B. go school C .to go to school( )Its _(8:30).we must start to work now. A .eight thirty B. eighty-thirty C .thirty -eighty,A,C,A,62,t课件,( ) Whats the
25、time ? Its _. A .nine B .mine C .nice ( ) What _ ten and eleven ? Its _. A .is ,twenty B. is , twenty-one C. are ,twenty-one ( ) _is your English teacher ? He is forty . A .how much B .How old C .What,A,B,A,63,t课件,Lesson 9,Where is my bag ?,64,t课件,英语中表示地点的介词很多,主要有以下这些: at, in,over, under, above, bel
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