定语从句的判断及基本用法(课堂ppt)课件.ppt

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1、1,定语从句的判断及基本用法,定语从句(II),2,Sentence pattern,英语句式可分为三类：简单句(Simple sentence)，并列句(Compound sentence)和复合句(Complex sentence),Whats the definition of these three patterns?,3,当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。含有两个或两个以上独立分句的句子叫并列句，这些独立分句处于平等的、互不依从的并列地位。,4,复合句是一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。但是从句也有主语

2、和谓语部分。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主句的作用。,5,Which sentence pattern is it?,She was an author and she wrote this great book. She was an author. She wrote this great book.She was the author who wrote this great book.,并列句,简单句,复合句,6,How to distinguish an attributive clause?,7,She was the person who wrote thi

3、s great book.,先行词,关系词,主句,定语从句,在主从复合句中起定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词(the antecedent)。引导定语从句的词叫关系词(the guide word)。,8,Step 1：找谓语动词,My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software.,9,Step 2: 判断句式,判断句子是简单句(只有一个主谓结构)，并列句(由并列连词and, but, or等连接)还是复合句(由从属连词引导)My ambition is to wor

4、k for a firm that develops computer software.,复合句,that,10,Step 3：找从句及主句,从句也有主语和谓语部分，从句须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主句的作用。关联词之后的主谓结构与关联词构成从句。My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software.,从句,that develops computer software,11,Step 4：判断从句类型,根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断从句类型。My ambition is to work for a fir

5、m that develops computer software.,名词充当先行词,that develops computer software,定语从句,12,Professor Smith who has returned from Harvard University will give a lecture on British literature in the lecture hall tomorrow.This is the biggest change that I have experienced so far.The novel that you lent me last

6、 week is really interesting and touching.,who,from Harvard University,who has returned,that,that I have experienced so far,that,that you lent me last week,13,阅读周报32期C篇第二段，并找出定语从句,14,The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility

7、to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows. “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and does so throughout life, and put it into an area that doesnt repair itself,”, Professor Raisman said.,15,Th

8、e breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows.,who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerves,that c

9、onstantly re-grows,非限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语,限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语,16,“The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and does so throughout life, and put it into an area that doesnt repair itself,”, Professor Raisman said.,where the nervous system can repair itself,t

10、hat doesnt,repair itself,限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作状语,限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语,17,定语从句的考察,考察形式,阅读中长难句分析语法填空短文改错书面表达,考点,从句判断关系词主谓一致,18,判断方法,关系词,关系词只用which,关系词只用who,关系词只用that,关系副词在从句中作状语,定语从句,19,判断方法,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,关系词只用which,关系词只用who,关系词只用that,关系副词在从句中作状语,找从句(缺成分)，前有名词或代词,which, that, who, whom, as, whose,when, where

11、, why,why,where,when,先行词为时间名词，表时间,先行词为reason，表原因,先行词为(抽象化)地点名词，表地点,20,I just read a book called TechnoStress, 1._ was written by Dr. Michelle M. Weil. Her co-author was Dr. Larry D. Rosen, 2._is her husband and also a psychologist. According to the authors, everybody feels stressed about technology.

12、 Our cell phones, 3._we buy for emergencies, soon invade our privacy. Just because they can, people contact us at places where we are relaxing. Another problem 4._we are facing is 5._ we have to learn too much too fast. Technological changes, 6. _ used to come one at a time, now overwhelm(淹没) us. Dr

13、. Weil suggests 7._ we read her latest book, 8._we can turn in dealing with technostress. It can be purchased from her website.,21,Group work,统一答案找出定语从句（从句类型，先行词，关系词所充当的句子成分）,22,I just read a book called TechnoStress, 1._ was written by Dr. Michelle M. Weil. Her co-author was Dr. Larry D. Rosen, 2.

14、_is her husband and also a psychologist. According to the authors, everybody feels stressed about technology. Our cell phones, 3._we buy for emergencies, soon invade our privacy.,who,which,which,23,Just because they can, people contact us at places where we are relaxing. Another problem 4. _we are f

15、acing is 5._ we have to learn too much too fast. Technological changes, 6. _ used to come one at a time, now overwhelm (淹没) us. Dr. Weil suggests 7. _ we read her latest book, 8._we can turn in dealing with technostress. It can be purchased from her website.,that/which,that,which,that,to which,24,Wh

16、o is he/she? What is it?,Write and guess,Take a card from the teacher. Work in groups and describe the object or the person on your card by using attributive clause within 2 minutes. Share your work with your classmates and guess who or what it is.,25,1. This is the factory where we visited last wee

17、k.2. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.3. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.4. Ive read all the books which I borrowed from the library.,which/that或者删掉where先行词作宾语,whom, 关系词前有介词,which, 非限制性定语从句,that，先行词有不定代词all修饰,26,5. This is the best f

18、ilm which I have ever seen.6. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.7. Everything which we saw was of great interest.8. They work in a factory that make radio parts.,that, 先行词由最高级修饰,that, 先行词有人也有物,that, 先行词是不定代词,makes, 先行词(第三人称单数)在从句中作主语,27,28,Tel

19、l whether the following sentences include attributive clause or not. If yes, mark it.,Later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.,which was almost as strong as,the

20、first one shook,who were trapped,29,I know you are dying to know my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.If you cannot be honest in the future, or cannot do all that you promise to do, the person you betrayed will be unable to accept that you hav

21、e changed or that you are worthy of being trusted again.,which will help you picture the places I talk about.,that you promise to do,you betrayed,省略了that的定语从句,I talk about,30,Im responsible for infection control, which means that my first job is to make sure of the safety of the people I work with a

22、nd of myself.I know he is a lovely child every person may like.,which means that my first job is to make sure of the safety of the people I work with and of myself.,I work with,every person may like.,省略关系词的定语从句和省略引导词的宾语从句的区别在于定语从句前有名词或代词作先行词，宾语从句前有动词或介词,31,Taitung is a small city in southeast Taiwan

23、 1. where I grew up. My family moved there from Taipei the summer 2. when I was born. The house in 3. which I grew up is on a main street in Taitung. My father sold tea, and my mother had a food stand in our front courtyard 4. where she sold omelets(煎蛋饼) early in the morning. A customer with 5. whom

24、 I chatted every day had a son my age.,32,We were best friends. A cousin 6. whose family I visited every summer lived with us. He was an apprentice(学徒) to 7. whom my father was teaching the tea business. On the first floor of our house we had a huge kitchen, 8. where we all gathered for dinner. The bedrooms were upstairs. My two brothers slept in one bedroom. I slept in another bedroom with my older sister. My younger sister shared a bedroom with another cousin 9. that/who/whom my family had adopted.,