品质名词(中英对照).docx

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1、品質名詞（中英對照）AABC analysis ABC 分析Abnormality 不正常性Abscissa 橫座標Absolute deviation絕對離差Absolute dispersion絕對離勢Absolute error絕對誤差Absolute frequency絕對次數Absolute number絕對數Absolute reliability絕對可靠度Absolute term絕對項Absolute value絕對值Absolute variation絕對變異Abstract number抽象數Abstract unit抽象單位Accelerated factor加速係數，加

2、速因子Accelerated life test加速壽命試驗Accelerated test加速試驗Acceleration加速度Acceptable limit允收界限Acceptable process允收製程水準Acceptable quality允收品質Acceptable quality level (AQL)允收品質水準Acceptable reliability level (ARL)允收可靠度水準Acceptability 允收性Acceptability criterion允收標準Acceptance允收，驗收Acceptance, probability of允收機率Acc

3、eptance, region of允收區域Acceptance and rejection criteria允收與拒收準則Acceptance boundary允收界限Acceptance coefficient允收係數Acceptance control chart驗收管制圖Acceptance cost驗收費用Acceptance criteria允收準則Acceptance error允收誤差Acceptance inspection驗收檢驗Acceptance limit允收界限Acceptance line允收線Acceptance number允收（不良品）數Acceptance

4、 plan驗收計畫Acceptance procedure驗收程序Acceptance/rectification scheme允收/精選方案Acceptance sampling, attribute計數值驗收抽樣Acceptance sampling, variable計量值驗收抽樣Acceptance sampling plan驗收抽樣計畫Acceptance sampling scheme驗收抽樣方案Acceptance test驗收試驗Acceptance value允收值Acceptance zone允收區域Acceptance product允收品Accepting lot 允收

5、批Access time接近時間，故障診斷時間Accessibility可接近性Accident rate意外率Accidental error偶誤，偶然誤差Accidental fluctuation偶然波動Accidental movement意外移動Accounting test驗算（決算）試驗Accumulated operating time累積操作時間Accuracy準確度Accuracy of data數據準確度Accuracy of estimation估計準確度Accuracy of the mean平均數準確度Achieved availability實際可用度Action

6、行動，措施Action, corrective矯正行動（措施）Action control chart 行動管制圖Action limit行動界限Active line行動線Active maintenance time實際維護時間Active parallel redundancy主動並複聯（置）Active preventive maintenance現行預防維護時間Active redundancy主動複聯（置）Active repair time實際修復時間Active standby主動備用Active time運用時間Actual frequency實際次數Actual limit

7、實際界限Actual range實際全距Actual value實際值Adaptability可適應性Adaptive control修改管制Addition theorem加法定理Additivity加法性，可加性Adjusted average修正平均數Adjusted value修正值Adjustment factor調整係數Administration time for a repair修復之管理時間Administrative time 管理時間Adopted value採用值Advisory Group on Reliability of Electronic Equipment

8、(AGREE)電子裝備可靠度顧問團Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated (ARINC)航空無線電公司After-sales service售後服務Age年限Age at death死亡年限Age at failure失效年限Age-based maintenance年限基準維護Aggregative method綜合法Aging老化Agreement of quality assurance品質保證之協定Agreement on verification method 驗（查）證方法之協議Alarm signals警告（報）訊號Alert time待命時間Algeb

9、raic sum代數和Algorism (Algorithm)阿拉伯數字計數法Alias假名Alienation餘相關Alignment chart列線圖Allocation配當Allocation of reliability可靠度配當Allowable percent defective (Acceptable quality level, AQL)允收不良率（允收品質水準）Allowance允差，裕度Alternative hypothesis對立假設American Management Association (AMA)美國管理協會American National Standard

10、s Institute (ANSI)美國標準協會American Society for Quality Control (ASQC)美國品質管制學會American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME)美國機械工程師學會American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)美國材料試驗學會American Standard Association (ASA)美國標準協會American Statistical Association (ASA)美國統計協會American War Standards (AW

11、S)美國戰時標準Ambient condition周遭條件Analysis, sequential逐次分析Analysis by accumulated frequency累積法，累積次數分析Analysis by non-accumulated frequency次數法，非累積次數分析Analysis of correlation相關分析Analysis of covariance共變異數分析Analysis of means (AVON)平均數分析Analysis of problem問題之分析Analysis of variance (ANOVA)變異數分析Analysis sample

12、分析樣本Analytical error分析誤差Angular transformation 角度轉（變）換Anti-logarithm逆對數Anti-mode逆眾數AOQL Sampling Table平均出廠品質界限抽樣數Applicability應用性Applied statistics應用統計學Apportionment of reliability可靠度配當Apportionment techniques配當技術Appraisal cost鑑定成本，評估成本Appraisal system評估制度Appraisal of quality品質評估Approach to sequenti

13、al testing逐次試驗法Approval of processes and equipment 核准製程與設備Approximate mode近似眾數Approximate number 近似數值Approximation近似法，概算AQL (Acceptable quality level)允收（品質）水準Arbitrary average (Assumed average， Arbitrary mean)假定平均數Arbitrary origin假定原點Arbitrary scale假定標度Area bar chart面積條圖Area chart (diagram, graph)面積

14、圖Area sampling地區抽樣Arithmetic average算術平均數Arithmetic cross算術交叉Arithmetic graph算術圖Arithmetic line chart算術線圖Arithmetic mean算術平均數Arithmetic paper算術紙Arithmetic probability paper算術機率紙Arithmetic progression (Arithmetic series)算術級數，等差級數Arithmetic scale算術標度，等差標度Arithmetic series算術級數，等差級數Army Ordnance Table陸軍

15、兵工署（抽樣）表Army Service Forces Table陸軍（抽樣）表序列Array序列Array distribution序列分配（布）Array of data數據序列Assemble裝配（組立）Assembled product裝配品Assembly裝配件Assembly inspection裝配檢驗Assembly quality analysis report裝配品質分析報告Assessed failure rate 評估失效率Assessed mean active -maintenance time評估時間現行維護時間Assessed mean life評估平均壽命As

16、sessed mean time between failures評估平均失效間格時間Assessed mean time to failure評估平均失效前時間Assessed reliability 評估可靠度Assessed value 評估值Assessment of subcontractor分包商之評鑑Assignable cause (Special cause)非機遇原因（特殊原因）Assignable variation非機遇變異Associated dependent variable相聯因變數Associated variate相聯變量Association coeffi

17、cient相聯係數Association of attribute品性相聯Association table相聯表，聯合表Assumed mean (Assumed average， Arbitrary average)假定平均數 Assumed median假定中位數Assumed origin假定原點Assurance quality保證品質Assurance function 保證功能Asymmetrical distribution不對稱分配（布）Asymmetry不對稱Asymptotic distribution趨近分配（布)At random隨機Attribute計數值， 屬性A

18、ttribute classification品性分類Attribute data計數數據Attribute inspection計數值檢驗Attribute sampling計數值抽樣Attribute sampling plan計數值抽樣計畫Attribute testing (Go no-go testing)計數值試驗（通過與不通過試驗）Attribute value計數值Audit稽核Audit for reliability可靠度稽核Audit of decision稽核決策Audit plan稽核計畫Audit report稽核報告Auditing report稽核報告Auto-

19、correlation自動相關Automatic switch-over redundancy自動切換複聯（置）Automatic test equipment (Am)自動試驗裝備Auto-regression自動回歸Availability可用性， 可用度Average (Mean)平均數， 平均值Average, grand總平均Average, moving 移動平均數Average, sample樣本平均數Average, standard error of標準誤平均數Average, universe 群體平均數Average, weighted 加權平均數Average amou

20、nt of inspection平均檢驗數Average and range chart平均數及全距（管制）圖Average availability 平均可用度Average deviation (A.D.) (Mean deviation) 平均差Average error (Mean error)平均誤差Average number of defects平均缺點數Average of ratios 比例平均數Average outgoing quality (AOQ)平均出廠品質Average outgoing quality curve平均出廠品質曲線Average outgoing

21、quality level平均出廠品質水準Average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) 平均出廠水準Average quality level平均出廠品質界限Average quality level line品質平均線Average quality protection平均品質保護Average range平均全距Average run length (ARL)平均連串長度Average sample number (ASN)平均樣品數Average range平均全距Average run length (ARL)平均連串長度Average sample nu

22、mber(ASN)平均樣本數Average sample number curve平均樣本曲線Average sample size (ASS)平均樣本大小Average sample size curve 平均樣本大小曲線Average sample平均抽樣Average total inspection (ATI)平均總檢驗（件）數Average total inspection curve平均總檢驗數曲線Average value 平均值Avoidable cause可避免之原因Avoidable quality cost可避免之品質成本Axiom公理Axis軸Axis of absci

23、ssa橫軸Axis of ordinate縱軸BBad lot壞批Balance frequency平衡次數Balanced complete type平衡完備型Balanced design平衡設計Balanced experiment平衡實驗Balanced incomplete type平衡不完備型Balanced sample平衡樣本Band chart帶形圖Band curve chart帶形曲線圖Bank of reliability data可靠度資料庫Bar chart (diagram)條（形）圖Bartletts test巴特萊特試驗Base line基線Base numb

24、er基數Base period基期Base point基點Basic reliability基本可靠度Batch (Lot)批Batch of material材料批Batch process分批製造方法Batch size批量Batch testing批試驗Bathtub curve浴缸曲線Bathtub failure curve浴缸失效曲線Bayes estimator貝式估計式Bayes theorem貝式定理Bayesian approach貝式法Bayesian approcah to design貝式設計法Bayesian estimation貝式估計Bead map標珠圖Bel

25、l-shaped curve鐘形曲線Bell-shaped distribution鐘形分配（布）Bell-shaped failure pattern鐘形失效型態JBell System貝爾系統Bell Telephone Laboratories貝爾電話實驗室Bell Telephone Laboratories Sampling Table貝爾（電話實驗室）抽樣表Benign failure無危險的失效Bernoulli distribution白努利分配（布）Best fit最適配合Best fitting line最適線Best fitting curve最適曲線Best linea

26、r invariant estimator最佳線型不變估計式Best linear unbiased estimator最佳線型不偏估計式Beta coefficient係數Beta distribution分配（布）Beta function函數Between-class variance組間變異數Between-column variance組間變異Between-column variation行間變異Between-row variation列間變異Between sample variation樣本間變異Bias 偏差Bias, downward向下偏差Bias, downward

27、type向下型偏差Bias, upward向上偏差Bias, upward type向上型偏差Biased error偏誤Biased estimate偏差估計Biased sample偏差樣本Biased test偏差試驗Bilateral 雙邊Bill of material (BOM) 物料清單Bimodal 雙峰Bimodal curve雙峰曲線Bimodal distribution 雙峰分配（布）Bimodal redundancy 雙峰型複聯（置）Bimodality 雙峰性Binary system 二元制Binomial, skewed 偏態二項Binomial coeffi

28、cient二項係數Binomial curve二項曲線Binomial distribution二項分配（布）Binomial equation 二項方程式Binomial expansion二項展開式Binomial population二項群體Binomial probability distribution二項機率分配（布）Binomial probability paper(BIPP)二項機率紙Binomial series二項級數Binomial theorem二項定理Bi-serial雙數列Biserial correlation雙數列相關Biserial coefficient

29、of correlation雙數列相關係數Biserial ratio of correlation雙數列相關比Bivariate雙變量Bivariate distribution雙變量分配（布）Bivariate frequency distribution雙變量次數分配（布）Bivariate normal distribution 雙變量常態分配（布）Blend混， 混合 Block量塊， （實驗）區， 方塊Block design實驗區設計Block diagram方塊圖Block factor地區因素Block in series串聯方塊Boundary界Boundary, cell

30、組界Bowker-Goode variables planBowker-Goode 記量值（抽樣）計畫Bowl drawing碗珠抽樣Bowl experiment碗珠實驗Bowl test碗珠試驗Bowleys coefficient of skewnessBowley偏態係數Bowleys formulaBowley公式Bureau of Ordnance, U.S. Navy美國海軍兵工署Break-even chart損益平衡圖Break-even point (BEP)損益平衡點Breakthrough突破British Standards Institution英國標準協會Brok

31、en curve中斷曲線Broken series中斷數列Broken trend中斷趨勢Built-in test (BIT)內含測試， 自測Bureau of Commodity Inspection and Quarantine (BCIQ)商品檢驗局Bulk sampling Burn-in大宗抽樣Business Process Management (BPM)業務流程管理Buyer買方， 客戶CC chartC（管制）圖Calculated value (Computed value)計算值Calculation chart計算圖Calendar time日曆時間Calibrati

32、on校正Calibration record校正記錄Camp-Meidell inequalityCamp-Meidell不等式Capability能力Capability, machine機器能力Capability, process製程能力Capability ratio能力比Capacity能量， 容量Caption縱標目Carrying out the audit實施稽核Cartogram統計圖Case method個案法Catastrophic failure突然故障， 崩壞失效， 致命失效Category類別Cauchy distributionCauchy 分配（布）Causal

33、ity因果律Cause原因Cause, assignable非機遇原因Cause, avoidable可避免原因Cause, chance機遇原因Cause, common共同原因Cause, findable可尋找原因Cause, random隨機原因Cause, special特殊原因Cause, substantial本質原因Cause, unavoidable不可避免原因Cause and effect因果Cause and effect diagram特性要因圖Cell組Cell boundary組界Cell deviation (d)組離差Cell frequency (f)組次數

34、Cell interval (i,h)組距Cell limit組限Cell method分組法Cell mid-point (Xm)組中點Cell value組值Censored sample檢剔樣本Censored test檢剔試驗Censorship檢剔Census普查Center line中線Central inspection station中央檢驗站Central limit theory趨中理論， 中央極限理論Central limit theorem趨中理論， 中央極限理論Central line (CL.)中心線Central moment中心動差Central ordinat

35、e中縱座標Central tendency集中趨勢Central value中值，中心值Certainty確定性Certified chart驗證圖Certified equipment 合格設備Certified quality engineer (CQE) 合格品質工程師Certified quality technician (CQT) 合格品質技術師Certified reliability engineer (CRE) 合格可靠度工程師Certification驗證Chain model鍊結模型Chain reliability鍊結可靠度Chain sampling plan (CH

36、SP)鍊結抽樣計畫Chance機遇Chance cause 機遇原因Chance error (Probable error) 機遇誤差， 機誤Chance factor機遇因素Chance failure機遇故障， 機遇失效Chance failure period機遇失效期Chance fluctuation機遇波動Chance variable機遇變數Chance variation機遇變異Change control改變（變更）管理Chaotic variation混亂變異Characteristic（品質）特性Characteristic, qualitative質的特性Charac

37、teristic, quantitative 量的特性Characteristic curve, operating (OC curve)操作特性曲線， OC曲線Characteristic diagram特性要因圖Characteristic function特性函數Characteristic life特性壽命Characteristic operating curve (OC curve)特性操作曲線（OC曲線）Characteristic value特性值Chargeable failure可計列失效， 故障Charlier checkCharlier 覆檢法Chart圖， （管制）圖

38、Chart, acceptance control驗收管制圖Chart, average and range平均數及全距（管制）圖Chart, average number of defects平均缺點數（管制）圖Chart, control管制圖Chart, cumulative sum累積和（管制）圖Chart, defects per unit每單位內缺點數（管制）圖Chart, fraction defective不良率（管制）圖Chart, group多項（管制)圖Chart, individual 個別值（管制）圖Chart, median中位數（管制）圖Chart, moving

39、 and range移動平均數及全距（管制）圖Chart, moving range移動全距（管制）圖Chart, modified control limits修正管制界限（管制）圖Chart, multi-variation變異值（管制）圖Chart, multiple複式（管制）圖Chart, number defectives不良（品）數（管制）圖Chart, number of defects缺點數（管制）圖Chart, percent defective不良率管制圖Chart, range全距（管制）圖Chart, run操作（記錄）圖Chart, shop工廠（管制）圖Chart

40、, Shewhart controlShewhart 管制圖Chart, two-way control雙向管制圖Chebyshevs inequalityChebyshev 不等式Check inspection覆核檢驗Check sampling覆核檢驗員Check inspector覆核抽樣Chi-square ， 卡方Chi-square distribution分配（布）， 卡方分配（布）Chi-square test 檢定， 卡方檢定Chi-squared distribution分配（布）， 卡方分配(布）Chip小圓片Chronic defect慢性缺點Chronologica

41、l chart時序圖Chronological series時序數列Class組Class boundaries (True class limits)組界（真實組限）Class form組形Class frequency (f)組次數Class interval (i,h)組距Class limit組限Class mark組標， 中值Class mean組平均數Class mid-point(Xm)組中點Class mid-value組中值Class of median組中位數Class value組值Classes, number of組數Classification chart分組， 分

42、類Classification frequency分組次數Classification frequency series分組次數數列Classification of defectives不良品分類Classification of defects缺點分類Classfication of failure失效分類， 故障分類Classification process分組（方）法Clearance間隙， 餘隙Cluster集團Cluster sampling集團抽樣Cochrans testCochran 檢定Code簡化， 代號Code letter代字Coded unit簡化單位Coded value簡化值Coding簡化Coding rule簡化規則Coefficient係數Coefficient, correlation相關係數Coefficient of alienation餘相關係數Coefficient of associa