完整版初中英语阅读理解解题技巧ppt课件.ppt

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1、Reading Comprehension,1. To learn the four types,of questions,in reading comprehension,2. To learn the skills, methods and steps,to do reading comprehension.,3. To improve the abilities,of reading,comprehension .,Learning aims,预学探标,Pre-task,(,Check preview work ),1. When did “colorful cutting ” turn

2、 popular decoration art in,Yangzhou?,A. In the Sui Dynasty B. In the Tang Dynasty,C. In the Qing Dynasty D. After the founding of PRC.,2. Whats the meaning of the underlined world in paragraph 2?,A.,开花,B.,繁茂,C.,凋谢,D.,发芽,3. From the passage we know _ helped the development of,Yangzhou paper-cutting.,

3、A. the development of paper-making industry,B. the prosperity of economy,C. Chinese governments high value,（重视）,D. All the above,4. Whats the main idea of the passage?,A. How do people make paper-cutting,B. The way to cut paper,C. The history and development of Yangzhou paper-cutting,D. The importan

4、ce of Yangzhou paper-cutting,预学探标,Pre-task,(,Check preview work ),1.,When did “colorful cutting ” turn popular decoration art in,Yangzhou?,A. In the Sui Dynasty B. In the Tang Dynasty,C. In the Qing Dynasty D. After the founding of PRC.,2.,Whats the meaning of the underlined world in paragraph 2?,A.

5、,开花,B.,繁茂,C.,凋谢,D.,发芽,3.,From the passage we know _ helped the development of,Yangzhou paper-cutting.,A. the development of paper-making industry,B. the prosperity of economy,C. Chinese governments high value,（重视）,D. All the above,4.,Whats the main idea of the passage?,A. How do people make paper-cu

6、tting,B. The way to cut paper,C. The history and development of Yangzhou paper-cutting,D. The importance of Yangzhou paper-cutting,词义猜测题,Guessing meanings,推理判断题,Inferring a conclusion,主旨大意题,Finding out main ideas,细节理解题,Looking for details,1,细节理解题,此类考题一般在文章中都能找到相对应的答案。主要提问,方式有：,(1)Which of the follow

7、ing is TRUE (NOT true)?,(2)Which of the following is not mentioned?,(3)From the first (second/third.) paragraph we know that,_.,Task1 looking for details,（细节理解）,互学析标,While-Task,Last weekend, the four members of my family spent,an enjoyable holiday at the Magic Kingdom -,Disneyland.,And one event mad

8、e our visit seem truly magical.,We got to the front of the line at Space,Mountain, only to find out that our little daughter,Gloria couldnt take her ice-cream on the ride. We were,so excited that we all forgot ice-cream was not allowed,on the ride.,1. The familys visit to the Magic Kingdom was_.,A)

9、helpful B) awful C) frightening D) amazing,2. Before the ride, Gloria cried because _.,A) she couldnt find her parents in the line,B) she was too little to take the ride,C) she couldnt take her ice-cream on the ride,D) she had to wait for twenty minutes,技巧点拨：,这类题目有两个特点：,(1),凡是针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅,读

10、材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个,词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用,词和表达方式与题设不同。,(2),干扰项往往是真假细节混杂，甚至相关细节和无关细,节混杂。,解答此类试题，首先要弄清题目和每个选项的含义，然后,按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注,意题目和文章中的暗示。当答案难以确定时，还可辅以排除法。,例,:,79. No one wants to listen to,_ from others,MP3 players.,A),a,loud,sound,B)sad,stories,C)a,long,movie,D)the,word

11、s,of,a,song,解析,:,第二段倒数第三行,“Not,one,wants,to,listen,to,this.,Very,loud,music,can,also be bad,for,your,ears”,，可以得出答案，选择,A,80.,We,should,turn,down,the,music,when,we,are,alone,because,loud,music,.,A),is,not,enjoyable,B)makes,us,tired,C)is,bad,for,MP3,players,D)hurts,our,ears,解析】根据第二段倒数第一行,“,Very,loud,mu

12、sic,can,also,be,bad,for,your,ears,so,ev,en,if,you,are,alone,when,listening,to,our,MP3,player,you,shouldnt,have,it,turned,up,too,high,”得出结论，,选择,D,82.,We,can,take,once,earphone,out,when,we_,A),show,others,the,way,B)talk,to,friends,on,the,phone,C)watch,a,sporting,event,D)have,dinner,with,our,parents,解析

13、】根据第四段的介绍我们可以排除,C,项,和,D,项，,A,和,B,在原文中都有提及，但是原文,中指的是“,answer,the,telephone,”这一短,暂的动作，而,B,项是与朋友在“,telephone,”,中聊天，是个延续性的动作，故选择,A,1.,On,February,9th,2013,Sarah,Darling,was,walking,along,the,street,when,she,met,a,homeless,man,named,Billy,Ray,Harris.,She,reached,into,her,change,purse,emptied,out,of,all,t

14、he,coins,he,had,and,gave,them,to,the,homeless,man,Sarah,didnt,realize,that,she,had,given,Billy,not,only,all,her,change,but,also,her,diamond,ring,that,she,had,put,in,her,change,purse,until,the,following,morning,When,did,Sarah,realize,that,she,had,also,given,Billy,her,diamond,ring?,A.,On,February,9,th

15、,2013,B.,On,February,10,th,2013,C.,On,February,18,th,2013,D.,On,February,22,nd,2013,互学析标,While-Task,常见提问方式有：,1.The,word,in,the,passage,means,2.,Whats,the,meaning,of,the,underlined,word,?,3.,What,does,the,underlined,word,mean?,Task2 Guessing the meaning,(,词义猜测,),互学析标,While-Task,2.,词义猜测题,Guessing mean

16、ings,1.,细节理解题,Looking for details,3.,推理判断题,Inferring a conclusion,4.,主旨大意题,finding out main ideas,2,词义猜测题,此类考题要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语,的准确含义。主要提问方式有：,(1)The underlined word “.” in the passage (most probably),means _.,(2)The underlined word in the first (second/third.),paragraph refers to _.,(3)What does

17、 the underlined word “.” mean?,技巧点拨：,常见的猜词方法有：,(1),通过定义、释义猜测词义,(3),通过生活常识猜测词义,如：,Lisa let the hairdresser,“,trim,”,her hair a bit because it grew too,long.,根据,because,从句所讲的意思，我们可推测,trim,就是,之意。,(5),通过构词法猜测词义,根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，,就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。如：,The journey to Hawaii this summer is,“,unforgetta

18、ble.,利用构词法常识和我们已熟悉的词,forget,，我们可以知道,unforgettable,就是,的意思。,难以忘怀的,A,胸无点墨的,B,毫无兴趣的,C,寡言少语的,D,，无话可说的,A,陌生人,B,行人,C,故人,D,古代人,(6),根据列举的事例猜测词义,1.,A lot of the worlds natural,resources,like oil,come from poor countries.,A.,环境,B.,资源,C.,汽油,2. The old man put on his,spectacles,and began to,read.,A.,帽子,B.,雨鞋,C.,

19、眼镜,3.,.,I could see nothing because the light was,faint,.,A.,明亮,B.,昏暗,C.,灿烂,4.,Tom is very polite, but his brother is quite,rash,.,A.,礼貌,B.,谦虚,C.,粗鲁,Have a try: choose the best answers,互学析标,While-Task,Example:,Today was a very hectic,day for me,I woke up late,，,hurried to the office,，,worked,until f

20、our,，,went to the store,，,cooked dinner and,washed clothes,I did so many things that I was,certainly very tired,A.,焦急的,B.,忙碌的,C.,悠闲的,D.,快乐的,Task2 Guessing the meaning,(,词义猜测,),互学析标,While-Task,I,spent,about,one,hour,walking,around,the,city,to,look,for,Bus,No.,32.,The,tricycle,(,三轮车,),was,nice,but,it,

21、was,a,little,too,expensive,for,a,small,distance.,Maybe,I,was,ripped,off,by,the,guide,who,rode,for,me,but,it,was,an,enjoyable.,The,underlined,phrase,“ripped,off”,means_,A.,优惠,B.,退款,C.,骗钱,D.,免费,互学析标,While-Task,Task3 Inferring a conclusion,（推理判断）,互学析标,While-Task,2.,词义猜测题,Guessing meanings,1.,细节理解题,Look

22、ing for details,3.,推理判断题,Inferring a conclusion,4.,主旨大意题,finding out main ideas,3,推理判断题,这类题要求考生透过表面文字信息推测文字的隐含意思，,对文章的发展情节及作者态度、意图等作出合乎逻辑的推理判,断。它主要考查考生依据图表、短文内容及常识进行推理和判,断的能力。主要提问方式有：,(1)What can we know according to the passage?,(2)We can guess the writer of the passage may be a,_.,(3)From the pass

23、age we can know _.,(4)The writer writes this passage to _.,(5)The writer suggests that _.,技巧点拨：,解答此类题目时，考生要在阅读时抓住文章的,主题和细节，从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，,充分挖掘文章的深层含义，对暗含在文章中的事件的因果关系、,人物动机以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎,逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时，要善于抓住文章中实质性的,东西，不要被表面的假象或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并注意在,推断作者态度时力求从作者的观点去思考，切勿凭个人观点、,习惯看法来选择答案。,在一

24、个寒冷冬天的夜晚，天气冷得让人不想出,门，见习警员走在大街上，突然听到一个女子大,喊：“有人打劫啦!”,见习警员刚一回身，就见一个黑影朝着远处逃,离，他立刻追了上去，但是这贼跑得飞快，警员,追了八条街之后没影了。,后来警员在一家商铺前看到了四个人，根据调,查，犯人就在这四人当中，请你猜一猜谁是？,A,正在闲暇百无聊赖抽烟的人,B,正在手机通话的人,C,正在聚精会神看报纸的人,D,正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人,D,你能列举一些常见的提问方式吗？,1),It,can,be,inferred,from,the,passage,that_.,2),We,can,infer,from,the,text,tha

25、t_.,3),From,the,text,we,know,that,_,.,4),What,does,the,writer,mean?,5),What,does,the,story,tell,us?,Task3 Inferring a conclusion,（推理判断）,互学析标,While-Task,Group work,A,cruelly,B,kindly,C,fairly,D,unfriendly,A, positive(,肯定的）,B, neutral,（中,的）,C,negative,（否定的）,D,nervous,（紧张,此类问题常见的提问方式,1),Which,is,the,be

26、st,title,of,the,passage?,2),This,passage,mainly,talks,about_.,3),Whats,the,main,idea,of,the,paragraph,or,passage?,2.,词义猜测题,Guessing meanings,1.,细节理解题,Looking for details,3.,推理判断题,Inferring a conclusion,4.,主旨大意题,Finding out main ideas,Task4:,Finding out the main idea,(,主旨大意,),互学析标,While-Task,4,主旨大意题,

27、此类考题多针对段落或短文的主题或标题来设题。主要提,问方式有：,(1)Which is the best title of the passage?,(2)Whats the main idea of the passage?,(3)This passage mainly talks about _.,主题句一般具有三个特点：,(1),表述的意思比较概括，相对其他句子来看，它的概括,性更为明显。,(2),句子结构比较简单，多数都不会采用长、难句的形式。,(3),段落中的其他句子起到解释支撑主题句的作用。,在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句的出现情况有,以下三种：,(1),主题句在篇首或段首,

28、主题句在篇首或段首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说,明文、议论文大都采用先总述后分述的方法。,(2),主题句在篇末或段末,用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概括性的,句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于篇末或段末的主题句往往是,对前面细节的总结、归纳或概括。,(3),无主题句,有时，一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句，需从文章出提炼、,总结出文章的主题。常用技巧是首先找出每一段的中心意思。,各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的，或者是来说,明一个问题的，这个中心或问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意,思。,Example 1,Smoking,is,harmful,to,your,health.,E

29、xperiments,show,that,smoking,can,cause,cancer.,Besides,the,most,serious,illness,smoking,can,also,cause,other,health,problems.,Finally,studies,have,shown,it,is,easy,for,smokers,to,catch,colds.,Whether,you,get,an,unimportant,cold,or,terrible,cancer,smoking,is,harmful.,Is,it,worth,it?,Task4:,finding ou

30、t the main idea,(,主旨大意,),互学析标,While-Task,Example 2,Often,no,one,looks,more,guilty,than,the,innocent.,On,the,other,hand,nobody,may,look,more,innocent,than,a,professional,criminal.,And,the,man,who,knows,“everything”,may,really,only,be,trying,to,hide,his,own,weakness.,So,it,is,foolish,to,try,to,judge,a

31、,person,only,by,his,appearance.,Task4:,finding out the main idea,(,主旨大意,),互学析标,While-Task,Task4:,finding out the main idea,(,主旨大意,),互学析标,While-Task,A,1.,Gifts,giving,is,different,in,different,countries.,In,Japan,gifts,are,not,opened.,Later,the,same,gift,may,be,given,away,to,someone,else.,In,Canada,m

32、any,people,will,not,give,big,gifts,to,someone,else.,They,will,pay,for,a,park,bench,or,a,tree,to,help,remember,a,person.,In,the,USA,some,people,ask,their,families,and,friends,to,give,money,to,charity,rather,than,buy,them,gifts.,In,Sweden,doing,something,for,someone,is,the,best,gift.,互学析标,While-Task,T

33、his passage is mainly about _,A.,In Canada, many people will not give big gifts to someone else.,B. In Japan, gifts are not opened,C. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift.,D. Gifts giving is different in different countries.,互学析标,While-Task,2.,Growing,mushrooms,(,蘑菇,),is,probably,

34、the,easiest,thing,you,can,do,even,if,you,are,new,to,mushroom,growing.,It,is,becoming,more,common,because,restaurants,are,starting,to,create,more,dishes,that,include,mushrooms.,Mushroom,growing,is,not,difficult,and,it,is,easy,to,started,in,the,world,of,farming.,You,will,soon,possibly,be,able,to,provi

35、de,some,of,the,great,cooks,of,the,world,with,high,quality,mushrooms,that,will,be,enjoyed,by,thousands,of,people,all,over,the,world.,The,best,title,of,the,passage,is,_,A.,Healthy,mushrooms,B.,The,value,of,mushrooms,C.,How,to,choose,mushrooms,D.,Suggestions,on,growing,mushrooms,1.,速读,问题,3.,通读文章,2.,寻找答

36、案,逆向解题法,4.,核对答案,1.,通读文章,3.,寻找答案,2.,速读,问题,4.,核对答案,正向解题法,促学化标,While-Task,Discussion:,Do you know the steps to do reading,comprehension?,促学化标,While-Task,An Australia 16-year-old girl, Jessica took off on her,non-stop trip around the world, on October 18, 2009.,Jessica was all alone on her yacht (,快艇,).

37、 She had to,fight against strong winds, waves as high as mountains,and loneliness, in order to prove young people can,realize their dreams, whatever they might be,.,Jessica sailed around the world in order to _,A. write a book about herself,B. become rich and famous,C. win the worlds admiration,D. p

38、rove young people can realize their dreams,促学化标,While-Task,An Australia 16-year-old girl, Jessica took off on her,non-stop trip around the world, on October 18, 2009.,Jessica was all alone on her yacht (,快艇,). She had to,fight against strong winds, waves as high as mountains,and loneliness, in order

39、 to prove young people can,realize their dreams, whatever they might be,.,Jessica sailed around the world in order to _,A. write a book about herself,B. become rich and famous,C. win the worlds admiration,D. prove young people can realize their dreams,A,You,probably,know,you,should,慳屹,汰慥敳,湡層,thank,潹

40、屵,at,restaurants.,You,probably,know,the,rules,o,f,a,library.,You,know,you,should,respect,and,be,nice,to,your,classmates.,But,do,you,have,music,manners?,Keep,It,Down!,You,have,to,notice,the,volume,of,your,musi,c.,You,should,not,play,your,music,so,loud,tha,t,everyone,around,you,can,hear,it.,Some,peopl

41、e,might,eve,n,get,angry.,Usually,when,you,play,the,music,loud,on,an,MP3,player,other,people,cant,hear,the,words,of,the,so,ng.,They,just,hear,a,loud,sound.,Not,one,wants,to,listen,to,this.,Very,loud,music,can,also,be,bad,for,your,ears,so,even,if,you,are,alone,when,listening,to,our,MP3,play,er,you,sho

42、uldnt,have,it,turned,up,too,high.,Take,Them,Off!,You,need,to,know,when,to,turn,your,MP3,p,layer,off,and,put,it,away.,Libraries,and,schools,dont,a,llow,MP3,players.,There,are,other,places,like,museums,that,dont,have,rules,but,it,wouldbe,rude,to,have,your,MP3,player,on.,Sometimes,it,just,doesnt,make,s

43、ense,to,listen,yourMP3player,at,event.,Why,would,you,listen,to,m,usic,at,a,play,a,movie,or,a,sporting,event?,You,would,miss,what,is,going,on,and,others,would,wonder,why,you,even,came.,Take,One,Out!,Once,in,a,while,its,okay,just,to,take,out,one,ear,phone.,Imagine,you,are,listening,on,your,MP3,player,

44、when,someo,ne,asks,you,the,way.,It,would,not,be,rude,to,take,out,one,earpho,ne,tell,him,the,way,and,put,back,the,earphone,and,continue,li,stening.,You,can,also,do,this,when,you,order,food,at,a,fast-,food,restaurant,or,when,you,answer,the,telephone,and,its,not,for,you.,Its,Your,Choice!,There,are,times,when,you,need,to,decide,what,is,best.,For,example,some,people,can,listen,to,music,on,their,MP3,players,when,read,books,while,others,think,it,is,disturbi,ng.,In,cases,like,this,you,need,10,do,what,seems,right,for,you,.,