中考英语形容词与副词专题ppt课件.ppt
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1、形容词Adjective,形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。 中考重点要求:1、形容词、副词比较级,最高级常用句型2、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序4、分清常用同义、近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别,形容词与副词专题,形容词在句子中的作用,1大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足语, 如:a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园 The play Tea-house(茶馆)is both moving and intere
2、sting. Who left the window open?How long will the weather stay sunny ?The silk clothes feel soft.How interesting the story sounds!,形容词与副词专题,定冠词the + 形容词,定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物,作“主语或宾语”,意思为“的一种人”,“的一类东西或事情”。 The new will take the place of the old . (新事物将代替旧事物。)The young are fond of sports .(年轻人喜欢体育运动。)
3、The Living and the Dead is a horror film.分裂幻象/活人与死人,形容词与副词专题,3有些形容词只能作表语 如:叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。(错) He is an ill man. (对) The man is ill. (错) She is an afraid girl. (对) The girl is afraid. well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,a
4、wake 等,形容词与副词专题,词加-ed 和 ing都可构成形容词,加-ed的形容词表示“人感到如何”,加-ing的形容词则用来描写事物, 如: We were excited when we heard the exciting news.alarming,amusing,astonishing,charming,daring,demanding,encouraging,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,exciting,interesting,inviting,pleasing,promising,shocking,striking,surpris
5、ing,形容词与副词专题,ly等后缀 形容词,friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly (有品质的 ) (错) She sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly 有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。 daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early The Times is a daily paper. The Ti
6、mes is published daily.,形容词与副词专题,形容词后缀,分两大类。一类是加到名词上的加到名词上的主要有: -y,:bloody, dirty, healthy, juicy, muddy; -ful:careful, faithful, helpful, peaceful, useful; -less:careless, harmless, noiseless, senseless, useless; -ous/-ious:dangerous; courageous, mysterious; -al/-tal/-ial/-tial:accidental, horizont
7、al, colonial, influential; -ic/-etic/-atic,:artistic, sympathetic, systematic; -ish:childish, foolish, selfish; -like: life-like, business-like, war-like; -ed/-en:skilled, horned, golden, wooden。,形容词与副词专题,加到动词上的有, -ent/-ant,如:dependent, different, observant, pleasant; -able/-ible,如: agreeable, comfo
8、rtable, defensible, sensible(明智的;合情理的 ); -ive/-tive/-ative/-itive,如:active, attentive, imaginative, sensitive(敏感的;易受伤害的 ); -ed/-en,如:advanced, noted, stolen, swollen; -ing,如:annoying, disgusting, entertaining。,形容词与副词专题,形容词在句子中的位置,形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时,形容词排列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。(1)与被修饰名词关系比较密切的
9、形容词位置靠近名词, 如:an exciting American film(2)音节少的形容词位置在前,音节多的形容位置在后。,形容词与副词专题,1)修饰复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等,如:anything important, nothing easy(2)同表示数量的词组连用, 如:twenty feet long, five years old3几个形容词修饰一名词时,一般顺序为大小(little除外)、形状、色彩、由来、用途。如:a fine round maple(枫木)writing table,a famous old English
10、country house,形容词与副词专题,副词 ADVERB,二、副词,副词在句子中主要用作状语,许多副词皆由形容词加-ly 构成,如:careful-carefully.副词主要被分为以下几种:1时间副词,如:often,early,usually,frequently always constantly now2地点副词,如:here,above,outside,below,there3方式副词,如:hard,fast,badly,well4程度副词,如:very,quite,much,still,even,almost5疑问副词,如:how,when,why, where,形容词与副
11、词专题,副词在句子中的位置,时间副词和地点副词的位置表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词,一般放在句尾,如句中同时有地点副词和时间副词,地点副词通常在前,时间副词在后。修饰形容词和副词的程度副词,除enough后置外,一般放在被修饰词的前面。副词在此作状语。 如: be well enough, go fast enough,形容词与副词专题,修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种修饰不及物动词时,该副词要后置,如:sing well修饰及物动词时,可放在被修饰词之前或宾语之后;如宾语较长也可放在动词和宾语之间。如:study English hard,see clearly the words on the
12、 blackboard及物动词和副词(如:down,on,off,in,out,up等)组成的动词词组,其宾语是名词,该名词可放在副词之前或之后:如是代词,该代词一定要放在副词前。He cut down the tree. / He cut the tree down. / He cut it down.,形容词与副词专题,形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法,1 两者比较情况一样,常用“as+形容词原级+as”句型。2 He is as tall as his monitor .3 两者比较,表示一方在某方面不如另一方,常用“not so /as +形容词原级+as”句型。A train doe
13、snt travel so fast as a plane .4 三者或三者以上比较,表示某人某物“最”时,用“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”句型。Asia is by far the largest of the seven continents . She writes (the) most carefully of the three .,形容词与副词专题,5 比较级+and+比较级“越来越” It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn. She is becoming more and more active in taking part in
14、 social activities.6 the +比较级,the +比较级“越越” The harder he studies , the greater progress he will make .,形容词与副词专题,形容词和副词考点,1 (1)Tom sounds very much _in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (2006安徽) A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly2What a nice fire you have i
15、n your fireplace! During the winter I like my house _. (2005上海春)A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortableC. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable,形容词与副词专题,形容词和副词考点,1 (1)Tom sounds very much _in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (2006安徽) A. interested B. interesting
16、C. interestingly D. interestedly2What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! During the winter I like my house _. (2005上海春)A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortableC. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable,形容词与副词专题,3 She doesnt speak _her friend, but her written work is excellent. (
17、1993全国) A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as4_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春)A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange,形容词与副词专题,3 She doesnt speak _her friend, but her written work is exce
18、llent. (1993全国) A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as4_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春)A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange,形容词与副词专题,二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律,5 _to take this adventure course wil
19、l certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000全国)A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave6 All the people _at the party were his supporters. (2002北京) A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important,形容词与副词专题,二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律,5 _to take this
20、 adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000全国)A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave6 All the people _at the party were his supporters. (2002北京) A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important,形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但
21、下列三种情况形容词要后置:形容词短语作定语时;表语形容词作定语时;修饰复合不定代词时。,形容词与副词专题,三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序,(7) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car. (2004辽宁)A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white(8)_ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江) A. Ten strong y
22、oung Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese,形容词与副词专题,三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序,(7) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car. (2004辽宁)A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white(8)_ students are required to
23、 take part in the boat race. (2004浙江) A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese,多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词,形容词与副词专题,9 The husband gave his wife _every month in order to please her.
24、(2004重庆) A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income10 How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside. (1995全国) A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last,形容词
25、与副词专题,9 The husband gave his wife _every month in order to please her. (2004重庆) A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income10 How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside. (1995全国) A. f
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