情态动词考点归纳课件.ppt
《情态动词考点归纳课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《情态动词考点归纳课件.ppt(58页珍藏版)》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、情态动词 Lu Dadao,情态动词情态动词有一定的意义,但没有人称和数的变化,不能独立使用,它和后面的动词构成谓语只作情态动词的can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情态可实义的need, dare/dared可情态可助动词的shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的have to, used to,1. can,can 表示能力,be able to表示经过努力而做成了某事,相当于manage to do/succeed in doing。搭配各种时态,但不能与could连用。必须人作主语。,1.在否定、疑问句中表示 对过去的可能性
2、猜测2. 在肯定句中表 “本可以做而未做”,cant 不能,不可能,1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not,2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,A,D,3. They will _ run this machine on their
3、 own in three months.A. can B. could C. may D. be able to,D,表示许可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句.* can, may 表达的语言比较随便.* 在以could, might 表示征询对方意见 或表示请求时,回答应相应使用can, may.,1. must,1.表示必须、应该2.偏偏、偏要、硬要、非要(表示与说话 人愿望相反或不耐烦)3.表示肯定的猜测,但只用于肯定句,4.而mustnt 表示“禁止、不准许、不可以”,Must表示主观2.Have to表
4、示客观需求3.dont have to 表示没有必要,3. must + have +p.p must do,对过去事情的肯定猜测。对现在事情的推测,1.第一、三人称疑问句中表示“请求或 征求对方意见2.第二、三人称陈述句中,1.(表惊讶、遗憾)竟然、居然2.(与疑问词why, who, how等连用,表示意外、纳闷、惊讶等)究竟、到底3.(用于问句,表示询问、征求同意)可以、应该 Should I turn on the light?,shall,Should,1、表示意愿、决心或愿望Will 2、表示请求(用于第二人称) 3.(表示现在的习惯性、倾向性、必然性) 惯于、老是、总是Will
5、/Would you do? (表请求would 更委婉)表意志, 愿望,决心,need作情态动词,多用于否定句和疑问句。 need没有过去式用作情态动词 -NeedIcome?/Do I need to come? -Yes,youmust. Youneednttelephonehimnow.你现在不必打电话给他。用作实义动词 Youdontneedtodoityourself.你不必亲自做这件事。 Thetableneedspainting(tobepainted.).桌子需要油漆一下。,dare作情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句。dare 有过去式dared用作情态动词Shedar
6、enotgooutaloneatnight.Dare he cross the river?-No, he darent 用作实义动词 Weshoulddaretogiveourownopinion.Idaresayhellcomeagain.我想他会再来的。(Idaresay为固定习语“译为我想、大概”),2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法:,mustnt不准, 禁止 neednt没必要 ( = dont have to )cant不能; 不可能may not不可以; 可能不shouldnt不应该 ( = ought not to )wont/ wouldnt 不愿意darent 不敢Shall
7、 not=shant,情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答: Can you sing? May I come in? Must I hand in the book now? Need I finish it now?,1. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not2. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. must
8、nt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldnt,C,B,情态动词表推测,may /might 语气最不肯定,用于肯、否定句“可能”can 语气肯定,用于感叹,否,疑问句,一般 不用肯定句“可能”could 较can不确定,也可用于肯定句“可能”must 语气最肯定,只用于肯定句“一定”should 表可能性、推论、推测、期待等“按理该、 估计”,情态动词表责备,may/might have done(语气委婉)过去 本可能做而未做can/could have done(语气委婉)过去本可能做而未做should have done ought to
9、have done(语气强烈)过去本应该做而未做shouldnt have done ought not to have done 表示过去本不应该做而做了neednt have done(无责备之意)过去 本不必做却做了would have done 用在虚拟语气中 表示与过去事实相反之假设的结果,常与if 的条件句连用。,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测,must/should,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done常见must be + be
10、 doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here.2. He must have known what we wanted.3. We may have read the same report.4. He cant have slept through all that noise.5. Theres
11、 someone outside-who can it be?6. What can they be doing?7. These pills might help to cure your disease.8. You could be right, I suppose.,情态动词+完成式:1. must have done2. may/might have done3. cant couldnt jave done4. should /ought to have done5. shoulnt/oughtnt to have done6. could have done7. neednt h
12、ave done8. would rather have done,shall和will的比较,1. If you _follow my advice, I _ offer you some help.2. _ you meet him right now or _ he wait outside, sir?,will,shall,Will,shall,3. He _ be punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚.4. We are not going to quarrel at all if you _ only let me speak. 只要你让我
13、说话, 我们根本就不会吵架.5. -Sir, _ he go or stay? -Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could,shall,will,B,would 和 used to的比较,1、would 主要表示过去一段时间内的某种习惯,常与表示过去的时间状语连用,意为“总要,总是” used to 主要表示过去存在但是现在已不再存在的习惯,意为“过去常常”。On Sundays he _ go to call on the old man when he was young.I _ get up late, but now I have g
14、ot used to getting up very early.Xiao Li _ be a model worker. He is now a university student.,would,used to,used to,可兼做行为动词的情态动词:need 、 dare,情态动词 (+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于:,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时dared.,多用
15、于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do(sth.) need to be done (sth.) need doing,I darent ask her for a rise. 我不敢请求她加薪.How did you dare to tell her that? I wonder whether he dare stand up in public. I dont know how she dares to wear that dress. Do you need any help?I wonder whether he need send it immediat
16、ely.I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous.The garden doesnt need watering at the moment.You neednt finish that work today.,f.,3. 情态动词表示推测的用法A. 对现在状态和动作的推测高考题点击:1. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. (N 1993) A. mustB. may C. canD. will2. Michael _ be a policeman, for
17、 he is much too short. (1994上海) A. needntB. cantC. shouldD. may,B,B,must 加动词原形表示“必须做”;may 加动词原形表示“可能会做”;can 加动词原形表示“能够做”;can 表示“可能性”时只用在问句和否定句中。该句的关键在于“but he isnt sure yet”。,neednt 表示“不必”;cant 表示“肯定不”;后两个选项与句意差别太大。此句的关键在于 “for he is much too short”.,3. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment.
18、 (N 1995) A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. (N 1996) A. wont, cantB. mustnt, may C. shouldnt, mustD. cant, should,C,B,must + be 表示“肯定会”;need + be 表示 “需要在”;should + 动词原形表示“非常有可能”;can 表示可能性只用在否定和疑问句中。,前句表示“你不能玩刀”,此处的 “不能”并非表示“能力”,而是表示“允许”,所以只能用“mus
19、tnt”;后句表示“可能会伤着你自己”,故用 may。,5. - Are you coming to Jeffs party? - Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. ( N 2000) A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might6. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? (2001上海春季) A. canB. shouldC. mayD. must,D,A,此句的关键在于“Im
20、 not sure”,既然不能肯定,只能是一种“可能性”。,此句的意思为:“Bush 先生总是很守时,他怎么可能在出席开幕仪式时迟到呢?“ can 在否定句或疑问句中表示“可能性”。,7. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (N 2002) A. mustB. canC. needD. may8. - I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. - It _ true because there was
21、little snow there. (N 2002北京) A. may not beB. wont be C. couldnt beD. mustnt be,D,C,此句的关键是“He likes driving his car.” can 和 may 都可用于否定句中,cant 表示“根本不可能”,语气很强;may not 表示“也许不可能”,语气较弱。,couldnt 的语气比 cant 弱。,B. 对过去动作或状态的推测Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (N1993) A. have told B. tel
22、l C. be tellingD. having told2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. (N 1994) A. had to write it outB. must have written it out C. should have written it outD. ought to write it out,A,C,ought to 相当于 should;此句的关键是“He meant no harm”,显然指的是过去的事。,should have written 意指“本该写但实际上并没有写”。,3.
23、- There were already 5 people in the car but they managed to take me as well. - It _ a comfortable journey. (N 1995) A. cant beB. shouldnt be C. mustnt have beenD. couldnt have been4. Susan_ written a report like this. (1995上海) A. can haveB. mustnt have C. cant haveD. ought to not have,D,C,此句谈论的是过去的
24、经历,故 A、B 不合题意;must 表示判断和推测只能用在肯定句中。,该句的意思为 Susan 不可能写出这样的报告来。ought to have done 的否定式为 ought not to have done。,5. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustnt have arrivedB. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrivedD. neednt have arrived6. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 情态 动词 考点 归纳 课件
链接地址:https://www.31ppt.com/p-1621813.html