高频有机化学词汇（带音标）.doc

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1、Acetal sitl【缩醛】acetic s itik acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydridenh aidraid 【乙酸酐】Acetone situn【丙酮】Acetylene s etili:n【乙炔】acid chloride【酰氯】acidify sidifai【酸化】acrylic krilik acid 【丙烯酸】acylationsilei(n【酰化作用】Aldehydeldihaid【醛】Alkaline lklain【碱】alkanelkein【烷烃】alkenelki:n【烯烃】alkylation lkilei(n【烷基化】alkynelkain【炔烃】al

2、uminum lju:minjm【铝】amide maid【酰胺】Amidine midi:n【脒】aminemin 【胺】ammonia munj【氨(水】anhydrousnhaidrs【无水的】aniline nili:n【苯胺】Anisole nisul【苯甲醚】anthranilic nrnilik acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】azomethane zumeein【偶氮甲烷】Barbituric brbitjurik acid【巴比妥酸】benzoic benzuik acid 【苯甲酸】benzoyl benzuil peroxide prksaid【过

3、氧化苯甲酰】benzyl benzil 【苄基】Benzylicbenzilik【苄基】benzyloxy benzilksi【苄氧基的】borane burein 【硼烷】Brine brain【盐水】bromination bruminein【溴代】brominebrumi:n【溴】Bulkyblki【体积较大的】cadmium kdmim oxide氧化镉calcium klsim chloride【氯化钙】Carbamate k:bmeit【氨基甲酸酯(或盐】Carbanion k:bnain【碳负离子】carbazole k:bzul【咔唑】Carbocation k:bkein【碳

4、正离子】Carbonic k:bnik acid 【碳酸】Carbonyl k:bnil【羰基】Carboxylic k:bksilik【羧基的】Carobohydratek:buhaidreit【碳水化合物】chlorinationkl:rinein【氯代】chlorinekl:ri:n【氯】chloroform kl(:rf:m【氯仿】Chloroformatekl:rf:meit【氯甲酸脂】chloromethylationkl:rmeilein【氯甲基化】chlorosulfonation klurslfnein【氯磺化】C ocainekkein【可卡因】condensed sulf

5、uric slfjurik acid【浓硫酸】cuprous kju:prs cyanidesainaid【氰化亚铜】Decarboxylation dik:bkslein【脱羧】diazonium daizunimsalt【重氮盐】dichloromethane daikl:rmeein【二氯甲烷】Dimethyl sulfideslfaid【二甲硫醚】Dioxane daiksein【二噁烷】Dipoled aipul【偶极】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron rich【富电子】Electron withd

6、rawing group【吸电基】Enamine inmin【烯胺】enoli:nl【烯醇】Enone i:nn【烯酮】Enzyme enzaim【酶】Epoxide epksaid【环氧化物】epoxyethane epksiein【环氧乙烷】Esterest【脂】Esterificationesterifikein【酯化】Ethanol enl【乙醇】Ether i:【醚】Ethyl eil【乙基】Ethyl acetate siteit【乙酸乙酯】fluorinationflu:rinein【氟代】fluorinefluri:n【氟】Formicfmik acid 【甲酸】fuming

7、nitric naitrik acid【发烟硝酸】Furan fjurn【呋喃】glycerolglisrl;glycerin glisrin【甘油,丙三醇】Glycine glaisi:n【氨基乙酸】glycolglaikl 【乙二醇】Glycoside glaiksaid【糖苷】Guanidine gwndi:n【胍】Guanine gw:ni:n【鸟嘌呤】halidehlaid【卤化物】halogenhldn【卤素】hydrazide haidrzi:n【酰肼】hydrazine haidrzi:n【肼】hydrazone haidrzun【腙】Hydrogen haidrudn 【氢】

8、hydroxylhaidrksil groups 【羟基】Hypochlorite haipukl:rait 【次氯酸盐】Imidazole imidzul【咪唑】Imideimaid【酰亚胺】Imineimi:n【亚胺】indazole indzul【吲唑】indole indul【吲哚】Intermolecular int:mlekjul【分子间的】Intramolecular intrmlekjul【分子内的】iodinationaidinein【碘代】iodineaidain【碘】i-Propanolprupnl【异丙醇】Irradiation ireidiein【光照】Isocyna

9、te aisusaineit【异氰酸酯(或盐】isoquinoline【异喹啉】Isothiocynate aisuaiusaineit【异硫氰酸酯】Ketoneki:tun【酮】Lactamlktm【内酰胺】Lactonelktun【内酯】Leadli:d acetatesiteit【醋酸铅】linearlini【直链的】lithium liim【锂】magnesiummgni:zjm sulfateslfeit【硫酸镁】Meta-met【间-, 偏-,次-】Methanol menl【甲醇】Methoxyl meksil【甲氧基】Methyl meil【甲基】Molecular mulek

10、julsievesiv【分子筛】Morphinem:fi:n【吗啡】Morpholinem:fli:n【吗啡啉】n-Butanolbjutnul【正丁醇】n-hexane heksein【正己烷】Nickel nikl 镍nitrationnaitrein【硝化】nitrile naitrail【腈】Nitrogen naitrdn 【氮】nitromethane naitrmeein【硝基甲烷】Nitromethanenaitrmeein【硝基甲烷】Olefin ulfin【烯烃】Oligosaccharideliguskraid【寡糖】Organometallic:gnumitlik【有机

11、金属的】Ortho-【邻-,正-,原-】Orthoformatefmeit 【原甲酸脂】Oxalic acid kslik【草酸】oxidationksidein 【氧化】oxime ksi:m【肟】Oxygen ksidn 【氧】Palladium pleidim【钯】Para-pr【对-,仲-,副-】Peptide peptaid【肽】Petroleum pitrulim ether【石油醚】Phenol f i:nl【苯酚】phenyl fenl【苯基】Phosgenefzdi:n【光气】phosphorous fsfrs tribromidetr aibrumaid【三溴化磷】phos

12、phorus fsfrs 【磷】phosphorus oxychloride ksikl:raid【三氯氧磷】Phthalimidelimaid【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】piperazine piperzi:n【哌嗪】piperidine piperidi:n【哌啶】poly phosphoric fsfrik acid 【多聚磷酸】Polymerizationplimraizein【聚合】potassiumptsim hydroxide haidrksaid【氢氧化钾】Proton prutn【质子】pyridine piridi:n【吡啶】pyrimidinepirimidi:n【嘧啶】pyrol

13、idinepirulidi:n 【四氢吡咯】pyrrole pirul【吡咯】Quaternisationkwtnaisein【季铵盐化】quinoline kwinli:n【喹啉】quinoxaline kwinksli:n【喹喔啉】Radical rdikl initiator iniieit【自由基引发剂】reductionridkn 【还原】salicylate slisileit【水杨酸酯(或盐】saturated streitid【饱和的】Seleniumsili:nim【硒】sodium azide eizaid【叠氮化钠】sodium bicarbonate baik:bnit

14、【碳酸氢钠】sodium borohydride b:rhaidraid【硼氢化钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Sodium Citrate sitrit【柠檬酸钠】sodium hydride haidraid 【氢化钠】Sodium Hydrosulfite haidruslfait【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium nitrite naitrait【亚硝酸钠】sodium thiosulfate aiuslfeit【硫代硫酸钠】Steroidstirid【甾族化合物】Sulfonamide【slfnmaid】【磺酰胺】sulfonationslfnein【磺化】sulfo

15、ne slfun 【砜】Sulfonylslfnilchloride【磺酰氯】sulfoxide slfksaid【亚砜】Sulfurslf【硫】Thiocyanateaiusaineit【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate aiuleit【硫醇脂(或盐】thionylainil chloride【氯化亚砜】thiophene aifi:n 【噻吩】Thiourea aiujuri【硫脲】Tin(II chloride【二氯化锡】toluene tljui:n 【甲苯】Transesterification t rnssterfikein【酯交换】Triethylamine traielmi:n【三乙

16、胺】triflatetrifleit【三氟甲磺酸酯(或盐】trifluoroacetate traiflursiteit【三氟乙酸酯(或盐】Triphenylphosphine traifenlfsfi:n oxide ksaid 【三苯氧磷】Triphosgene【三光气】Ultrasonicationltrsnikein【超声作用】Urea juri【尿素】xylene zaili:n【二甲苯】Zinczik 【锌】Acetal sitl【缩醛】acetic sitik acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydridenhaidraid【乙酸酐】Acetone situn【丙酮】Acet

17、ylene setili:n【乙炔】acid chloride【酰氯】acidify sidifai【酸化】acidolysis sidlisis 【酸解(作用】acrylic krilik acid 【丙烯酸】acylationsilei(n【酰化作用】Addition din【添加、加成】adduct dkt【加合物】Aldehydeldihaid【醛】Alkaline lklain【碱】alkanelkein【烷烃】alkenelki:n【烯烃】alkylation lkilei(n【烷基化】alk ynelkain【炔烃】aluminum lju:minjm 【铝】amide maid

18、【酰胺】Amidine midi:n【脒】aminemin 【胺】ammonia munj【氨(水】Analogous nlgs【类似物】anhydrousnhaidrs【无水的】aniline nili:n【苯胺】Anisole nisul【苯甲醚】Anomeric nmerik E ffect【端基异构效应】anthranilic nrnilik acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】Aproticprutik 【非质子的】Aqueous eikwis【水相(的】Asymmetric eisimetrik【不对称】Axial ksil【直立(键的】Azeotropic zi:trpik【共沸的】Azir

19、idine【氮杂环丙烷】azomethane zumeein【偶氮甲烷】Barbituric brbitjurik acid【巴比妥酸】Bench bent 【实验台】benzoic benzuik acid 【苯甲酸】benzoyl benzuil peroxide prksaid 【过氧化苯甲酰】benzyl benzil 【苄基】Benzylicbenzilik【苄基】benzyloxy benzilksi【苄氧基的】borane burein 【硼烷】Brine brain【盐水】brominat ion bruminein【溴代】brominebrumi:n【溴】Bulkyblki【

20、体积较大的】cadmium kdmim oxide氧化镉calcium klsim chloride【氯化钙】Carbamate k:bmeit【氨基甲酸酯(或盐】Carbanion k:bnain【碳负离子】carbazole k:bzul【咔唑】Carbocation k:bkein【碳正离子】Carbonic k:bnik acid 【碳酸】Carbonyl k:bnil【羰基】Carboxylic k:bksilik【羧基的】Carobohydratek:buhaidreit【碳水化合物】Catalysis ktlisis【催化(作用】Catalyst ktlist 【催化剂】Cata

21、lytical ktlitikl 【催化的】Chamber teimb【(薄层用展缸】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral kairl 【手性的】chlorinationkl:rinein【氯代】chlorinekl:ri:n【氯】chloroform kl(:rf:m【氯仿】Chloroformatekl:rf:meit【氯甲酸脂】chloromethylationkl:rmeilein【氯甲基化】chlorosulfonation klurslfnein 【氯磺化】Cleavage【分离,脱除】Cocainekkein【可卡因】column chromatograp

22、hy【柱层析】Component kmpunnt【组分】Concentrate knsentreit【浓缩】condensed sulfuric slfjurik acid【浓硫酸】Condenser kndens【冷凝管】Confirmation knf:mein 【构型】conjugation kndugein【偶和】conversion knv:n ratio reiiu【转化率】Crystalline kristlain【晶体】cuprous kju:prs cyanidesainaid【氰化亚铜】Decarboxylation dik:bkslein【脱羧】Decompose di:

23、kmpuz【分解】degradation degrdein【降解】dehydrate di:haidreit 【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative dirivtiv【衍生物】Dessicator desikeit:【干燥剂】DI (de-ion water【去离子水】Diastereotopic daistiritpik【非对映的】diazonium daizunimsalt【重氮盐】dichloromethane daikl:rmeein【二氯甲烷】dilation dailein【膨胀】dilute dailju:t 【稀释】Dimethyl sulfideslf

24、aid【二甲硫醚】Dioxane daiksein【二噁烷】Dipoledaipul【偶极】displacement displeismnt 【取代】dissolve dizlv【溶解】Distillation distilein【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse iklips 【使失色】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron rich【富电子】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】electrophile ilektrfail 【亲电试剂】Elimination i

25、liminein【消除】Eluent eljunt【淋洗液】emulsification imlsifikein 【乳化】Enamine inmin【烯胺】Enantioselective enntisilektiv【对映选择性的】enoli:nl【烯醇】Enone i:nn【烯酮】Enzyme enzaim【酶】Epoxide epksaid【环氧化物】epoxyethane epksiein【环氧乙烷】Equatorial ekwt:ril【平伏(键的】Equilibrium i:kwilibrim【平衡】equivalent ikwivlnt【当量的】Esterest【脂】Esterif

26、icationesterifikein【酯化】Ethanol enl【乙醇】Ether i:【醚】Ethyl eil【乙基】Ethyl acetate siteit【乙酸乙酯】Evaporation ivprein 【蒸发】Filter filt【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate filtreit【滤液】Filtration filtrein【过滤】fluori nationflu:rinein【氟代】fluorinefluri:n【氟】formalin f:mlin 【甲醛溶液】Formicfmik acid 【甲酸】fuming nitric naitrik acid

27、【发烟硝酸】Functional fknl group【官能团】Furan fjurn【呋喃】Gauche gu 【构象】Glovebox glvbks【手套箱】glycerolglisrl;glycerin glisrin 【甘油,丙三醇】Glycine glaisi:n【氨基乙酸】glycolglaikl 【乙二醇】Glycoside glaiksaid【糖苷】Guanidine gwndi:n【胍】Guanine gw:ni:n【鸟嘌呤】halidehlaid【卤化物】halogenhldn【卤素】harsh h: 【(反应苛刻的】heating mental mentl 【加热套】he

28、terogeneous hetrudi:nis【非均相的】heterolysis hetrlisis 【异裂】homogeneous hmudi:njs【均相的】homolysis hmlisis 【均裂】Hood hud 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】hydrazide haidrzi:n【酰肼】hydrazine haidrzi:n【肼】hydrazone haidrzu n【腙】Hydrogen haidrudn 【氢】Hydrogenolysis haidrudnlsis【氢化】Hydrogenous haidrdins 【含氢的】hydrolysis haidrlisis 【水解

29、(作用】hydroxylhaidrksil groups 【羟基】Hygroscopic haigruskpik 【吸湿的】Hypochlorite haipukl:rait 【次氯酸盐】I midazole imidzul【咪唑】Imideimaid【酰亚胺】Imineimi:n【亚胺】Impuritiy impjuriti【杂质】in large scale【大量】indazole indzul【吲唑】indole indul【吲哚】Infrared infrred【红外】Intermolecular int:mlekjul【分子间的】Intramolecular intrmlekjul【

30、分子内的】Introduction【引入】iodinationaidinein【碘代】iodineaidain【碘】i-Propanolprupnl【异丙醇】Irradiation ireidiein【光照】Isocynate aisusaineit【异氰酸酯(或盐】isomer aism 【同分异构体】Isomerization aismraizein【异构化】isoquinoline【异喹啉】Iso thiocynate aisuaiusaineit【异硫氰酸酯】isotope aisutup 【同位素】Ketoneki:tun【酮】Kinetic kainetik【动力学的】Labile

31、 leibail【不稳定的】Lachrymator lkrimeit【催泪剂】Lactamlktm【内酰胺】Lactonelktun【内酯】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Leadli:d acetatesitei t【醋酸铅】Ligand laignd【配体】linearlini【直链的】Lipophilic lipfilik 【亲脂性的】lithium liim 【锂】magnesiummgni:zjm sulfateslfeit【硫酸镁】Mechanical miknikl stirring apparatus preits【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism meknizm【机理】Meta-me

32、t【间-, 偏-,次-】Methanol menl【甲醇】Methodology medldi【方法学】Methoxyl meksil【甲氧基】Methyl meil【甲基】Microwave maikruweiv【微波】Migration maigrein【迁移】mild maild【(反应温和的】miscible misibl【混溶的】Molecular mulekjulsievesiv【分子筛】Morphinem:fi:n【吗啡】Morpholinem:fli:n【吗啡啉】n-Butanolbjutnul【正丁醇】neutralize nju:trlaiz 【中和】n-hexane he

33、ksein【正己烷】Nickel nikl 镍nitrationnaitrein【硝化】nitrile naitrail【腈】Nitrogen naitrdn 【氮】nitromethane naitrmee in【硝基甲烷】Nitromethanenaitrmeein【硝基甲烷】Nitrosation naitrsei:n 【亚硝化】nucleophilic nju:kliufilik 【亲核的】Olefin ulfin【烯烃】Oligosaccharideliguskraid【寡糖】Organometallic:gnumitlik【有机金属的】Ortho-【邻-,正-,原-】Orthofo

34、rmatefmeit 【原甲酸脂】Oxalic acid kslik【草酸】oxidationksidein 【氧化】oxime ksi:m【肟】Oxygen ksidn 【氧】ozonolysis ,uzunlisis 【臭氧分解】Palladium pleidim【钯】Para-pr【对-,仲-,副-】Peptide peptaid【肽】pericyclic perisaiklik reaction【周环反应】Petroleum pitrulim ether【石油醚】Phenol fi:nl【苯酚】phenyl fenl【苯基】Phosgenefzdi:n【光气】phosphorous f

35、sfrs tribromide traibrumaid【三溴化磷】phosphorus fsfrs 【磷】phosphorus oxychloride ksikl:raid【三氯氧磷】Phthalimidelimaid【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】piperazine piperzi:n【哌嗪】piperidine piperidi:n【哌啶】Poisoned piznd【中毒的】poly phosphoric fsfrik acid 【多聚磷酸】Polymerizationplimraizein【聚合】potassiumptsim hydroxide haidrksaid【氢氧化钾】Precursor

36、pri(:k:s【前体】Preparative priprtiv TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary praimri【伯-】protease prutieis【蛋白酶】Protic prutik【质子的】Proton prutn【质子】Purging p:di【鼓气】Purification pjurifikein【纯化】pyridine piridi:n【吡啶】pyrimidinepirimidi:n【嘧啶】pyrolidinepirulidi:n 【四氢吡咯】pyrolysis pairlisis 【热解】pyrrole pirul【吡咯】Quaternisationkwtnaisein

37、【季铵盐化】Quench kwent【淬灭】quinoline kwinli:n【喹啉】quinoxaline kwinksli:n【喹喔啉】racemic rsi:mik【消旋的】Radical rdikl initiator iniieit【自由基引发剂】reactant ri:ktnt【反应物】Rearrangement ri:reindmnt【重排】Recrystallization rikristlaizein【重结晶】Reduced ridju:st pressure 【减压】reductionridkn 【还原】Regioselective ri:du silektiv【区域选择

38、性的】Removal rimu:vl【除去】Rotavapor rutveip【旋蒸】Route raut【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】salicylate slisileit【水杨酸酯(或盐】saponification spnifikein【皂化】saturated streitid【饱和的】Scheme ski:m【图示】Secondary sekndri【仲-】Seleniumsili:nim【硒】Separation seprein【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Bchner funnel fnl【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon silikn oil bath 【(硅油浴】sink sik【水槽】sodium azide eizaid【叠氮化钠】sodium bicarbonate baik:bnit【碳酸氢钠】sodium borohydride b:rhaidraid【硼氢化钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Sodium Citrate sitrit【柠檬酸钠】sodium hydride haidraid 【氢化钠】Sodium Hydrosulfite haidruslfait 【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium nitrite naitrai