英语五种基本句型及巩固练习ppt课件.pptx
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1、2022/12/9,1,一、句子成分,(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。,2022/12/9,2,(二)主语:,主语 (Subject) 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事. 是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:,2022/12/9,3,1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2
2、.We often speak English in class.,(名词),(代词),2022/12/9,4,(三)谓语,谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten oclock.,2022/12/9,5,(四)表语,表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语
3、一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如:,2022/12/9,6,1.Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)2.Is it yours?(代词)3.The weather has turned cold.(形容词)4.The speech is exciting.(分词)5.Three times seven is twenty one?(数词),2022/12/9,7,(五)宾语,宾语(Object)表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如: 1.He is doing his
4、homework.2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.,(名词),(代词、动名词),2022/12/9,8,(六)宾语补足语,宾语补足语(Object Complement),用于补充说明宾语的动作,一般位于宾语之后,宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。“宾补”一般可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如:,2022/12/9,9,1.His father named him Xiaoming.2.They painted their boat white.3.Let the fresh a
5、ir in.,(名词),(形容词),(副词),2022/12/9,10,(七)定语,修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。定语通常有两种:前置定语和后置定语前置定语:1.Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.(分词) 3.There are thirty women teachers in our school.(名词)4.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
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