人教版(五四制)八年级上英语语法ppt课件大全.ppt

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1、,Unit1语法专项课件（should的用法精讲）,初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,Part,语法透析,考点大观易错辨析通关训练,语法透视,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should的用法,should属于情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。should的否定形式为should not，缩写形式为shouldnt。在疑问句中should谓语主语前面。We should go home at once.我们应该马上回家。You shouldnt smoke here. 你不应该在这里抽烟。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should用法荟萃,语法透

2、视,1. 用来向别人提出建议或劝告别人做某事，意为“应该；应当”。Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆，我牙痛You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should用法荟萃,语法透视,2. 表示现在或将来的某种义务或责任。We should respect the old. 我们应该尊重老人。You should leave her a note. 你应该给她留个字条。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should用法荟萃,语法透视,3. 用来表示要求、命令。You should listen to the teache

3、r carefully in class.在课堂上 你应该认真听老师讲课。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should用法荟萃,语法透视,4. 表示可能性、期望以及推测即将发生的情况。They should be there by now.他们现在可能到那儿了。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should用法荟萃,语法透视,5.表示某种感情色彩，如惊讶、愤怒、失望等。Why should I go? 我干嘛要去？Why should I know? 我怎么会知道？,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,should用法荟萃,语法透视,6.Should I ?用来征求意见、提供帮助或请求指示。Shoul

4、d I help you clean the bedroom?要不要我帮你打扫卧室？,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,解析,We_ be more careful, or we will make the same mistake in the experiment.A. might B. can C. may D. should,Next,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,A country has dreams. We teenagers _ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be cre

5、ated. A. may B. must C. should,语法透视,解析,Unit1语法专项课件(反身代词),初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,Part,语法透析,考点大观易错辨析通关训练,语法透视,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,反身代词的构成,myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,themselves,itself / himself / herself,语法透视,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,反身代词的构成,1、反身代词单数词尾都有-self，复数词尾都有-selves。2、第一人称和第二人称反身代词都是由形容词性物主代词-self或-selves

6、构成。第三人称都由人称代词宾格-self或 -selves构成。 3、每个反身代词都表示“自己”，如 myself我自己，themselves他们自己，等等。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,反身代词常见用法,语法透视,1. 作及物动词的宾语。反身代词常用在 buy，teach，enjoy，hurt，wash，help等的后面作宾语。如： He often teaches himself他经常自学。 The boy fell off the tree and hurt himself那男孩从树上掉下来，伤到了自己。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,2. 作介词的宾语。反身代词常用在to，

7、 by，for，after，about等之后作宾语。如： We should not only think of ourselves We must look after ourselves and keep healthy我们必须照顾自己，保持健康。,反身代词常见用法,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,3. 反身代词也常放在连系动词之后，作表语。如： The man in the photo is myself照片上的那个人就是我(自己)。,反身代词常见用法,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,4. 作主语的同位语 反身代词作主语的同位语时，可以放在主语之后，也可以放在句子的末尾。

8、如： I myself can do itI can do it myself我自己能做这件事。 Edison built a laboratory himselfEdison himself built a laboratory爱迪生自己建了个实验室。,反身代词常见用法,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,5. 作宾语的同位语 作宾语的同位语时，反身代词只能放在宾语之后。如： I want to see the scientist himself我想见见那位科学家本人。,反身代词常见用法,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,Next,1. We cant only think of

9、_ (we)，we should think of others 2. Students should be strict with _ (they) 3. Did they enjoy _ (them)in the party last Sunday？ 4. Help _ (you)to some vegetables, Jim and Jack 5. The artist _(he) will come to our school next week组卷网,用所给代词的适当形式填空。,ourselves,themselves,themselves,yourselves,himself,通关

10、训练,语法透视,6You cant leave your daughter by _(she) 7The cat in the mirror is _(it) 8I bought _(I)a new dictionary the day before yesterday 9I _(my)agree with you 10The little boy is only four，he could wash _(he)and get dressed,herself,itself,myself,myself,himself,考点大观,易错辨析,Unit2语法专项课件（动词不定式）,初中英语人教版（五四

11、制）八年级上册,Part,语法透析,考点大观易错辨析通关训练,语法透视,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,动词不定式,动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中可起到名词、形容词或副词的作用，作主语、宾语、定语、状语或宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是“to+动词原形”，但to有时要省略。动词不定式在具体运用时，用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。动词不定式的结构：to + 动词原形,动词不定式的用法,语法透视,省to的不定式结构能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, l

12、ove, stop等。动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth。She wants to play the piano. 她想弹钢琴。Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我不要叫醒凯特。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,语法透视,2. 不带to的不定式结构。在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better do sth.的否定形式是had better not do sth.在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。在引导疑问句的

13、why not之后。You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。I didnt see you come in. 我没看见你进来。Why not go with us? 为什么不和我们一起呢？,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,动词不定式的用法,语法透视,3. 动词不定式作主语。动词不定式作主语可以放在后面，而用it作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。To master a language is not an easy thing.掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。Its necessary to find the witness.有必要找到目击者。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关

14、训练,动词不定式的用法,语法透视,4. 动词不定式作定语。动词不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,动词不定式的用法,语法透视,5. 动词不定式作宾语有的机及物动词要求跟复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语（真正的宾语）放在宾语补足语之前。I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有用。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,动词不定式

15、的用法,语法透视,6. 动词不定式作宾语补足语作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to不可以省略。作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to要省略。作help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to可以带，也可以不带。He asked me to say more. 他让我多说点。The teacher made him stay at home.老师让他待在家里。Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box?你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？,考点

16、大观,易错辨析,通关训练,动词不定式的用法,语法透视,7. 动词不定式作状语。放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面。用在tooto结构中。He stopped to have a rest. 他停下来休息。Im sorry to hear that. 听到这件事我很难过。He is too young to understand all that.他太年轻了，不能理解这件事情。,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,动词不定式的用法,语法透视,解析,Mary is very generous.Yes, she gave away all her money she ow

17、ned _ people in need.A. to help B. to helping C. helped D. helping,Next,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,He made us _ by making faces. A. to laugh B. laughing C. laugh D. laughed,语法透视,解析,考点大观,易错辨析,通关训练,Unit3 语法专项课件（情态动词could的用法）,初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,情态动词三注意：情态动词表示说话人的语气或情绪情态动词无人称和数的变化情态动词后跟动词原形常见的情态动词：must, can, may, sh

18、all, could, might, should, will, would, need等。,情态动词用法大观,could,2.表示过去一般的能力，意为“能、会”。,1. 表示委婉请求，意为“可以”。,3. 表示猜测时，意为“可能”。,Could you speak English then?,Could I use your pen?,You could be right, but I dont think you are.,could的常见用法,could的句式结构,肯定句：could + 动词原形,否定句：could后加not（缩写为couldnt),一般疑问句：could提前,I co

19、uld speak English when I was three.,I couldnt speak English when I was three.,Could you speak English when you were three?,句式结构,易错点,can 和 could的区别,易错点,can 和 could的区别,Chicken cant swim in the river.He said he could see me next week.,(can表与生俱来的能力）,(could表示过去能够做某事）,易错点,can 和 could的区别,It cant be true.We

20、 could go there this summer.,(表推测，can用于否定句）,(表推测，不限句式）,易错点,can 和 could的区别,Can I use your pen? Could I use your pen?,(can表请求）,(could表更委婉请求）,Yes, of course you can.,注意：对请求、允许相关问句的回答，只能用can。,【典例1】_ I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. Can; could B. Could; can C. May; can D. Could; could,考

21、查情态动词。句意：我可以借用一下你的字典吗？当然可以。表示“委婉请求”选用could，需要用can来回答。故答案选B。,【典例2】That man must be Sarahs husband. No, he _be her husband. She is still single. A. cant B. mustnt C. may not D. couldnt,考查情态动词。句意：那个人一定是萨拉的丈夫。不，那不可能是她丈夫。她是单身。根据句意，表示确切的否定的推测选用cant，答案选A。,Unit4 语法专项课件（提建议句型以及回答）,初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,提建议的表达方式,

22、1. Why dont you +动词原形 Why not +动词原形 意为“为什么不？”,Why dont you have a picnic with us?Why not get him a book?,提建议的表达方式,2. How about+ 名词、代词或动名词 What about+ 名词、代词或动名词 意为“怎么样？”,How/What about this blue dress?How/What about going swimming?,提建议的表达方式,3. Youd better (not) + 动词原形 意为“你最好（不）做某事”。,Youd better take

23、off your coat. Its hot inside.,提建议的表达方式,4. Lets + 动词原形, shall we? 意为“让我们，好吗？”。,Lets take the children to the park, shall we?,提建议的表达方式,5. Shall we/I+ 动词原形 意为“我们/我好吗？”,Shall we go boating?Shall I open the window?,提建议的表达方式,6. Would you like+ 名词或动词不定式 意为“你们/你想要吗？”。,Would you like a cup of coffee?Would y

24、ou like to go shopping with us?,提建议的表达方式,7. Would you please+ 动词原形 意为“请你好吗？”。,Would you please turn down the radio?,易错点,1. 同意对方的建议时，一般用：Good idea./Thats a good idea. 好主意OK./All right. 好的。Yes, please./Id love to. 好的/我愿意。No problem. 没问题。I agree with you. 我同意你的观点。Sure./Of course./Certainly. 当然。Yes, I t

25、hink so./I will. 我想是这样的/我会的。,回答建议的表达方式,易错点,Shall we go swimming?Good idea.,回答建议的表达方式,Would you like to have a drink?Yes, please. Id love to.,易错点,2. 对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉拒绝时，一般用：I dont think so. 我不是这样认为的。Sorry, I cant. 对不起，我不能。Sorry, but抱歉，但是Id love/like to, but我很愿意去，但是Im afraid恐怕,回答建议的表达方式,易错点,Would you ple

26、ase go hiking with me?Id love to, but I have to have piano lessons.,回答建议的表达方式,Lets make it earlier, OK?Sorry, I cant.,【典例1】Would you like to go to the Childrens Center to help this weekend? _. A. Thank you B. No, I cant C. Sure, Id love to,考查表建议句型。句意：你本周能来儿童中心帮忙吗？当然，我愿意。同意对方的建议时用Sure, Id love to等来回答

27、。,【典例2】Its hot today. Why not go for a swim? _. Lets go. A. Good idea B. Thats right C. Not at all D. Well done,考查表建议句型。句意：今天天很热，为什么不去游泳呢？好主意，让我们走吧。同意对方的建议时用Good idea等来回答。,【典例3】Could you please not run in the hallways? _. A. Sure. Ill do it right away B. No, not at all C. Sorry, I wont do it again,考

28、查表建议句型。句意：能不能不要再走廊里乱跑？抱歉，我不再乱跑了。对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉拒绝时，用Sorry等来回答。,Unit5 语法专项课件（过去进行时）,初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,过去进行时定义,过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。,过去进行时的结构,否定形式,问句形式,was/were + not + doing,Was/Were+主语+doing,He was sleeping at that time.,He wasnt sleeping at that time.,Was he sleeping at that time?,过去进行时标志词,

29、then, at that time, this time yesterday, at 5 oclock last night, all night, all the morning, from 7:00 to 9:00 yesterday,They were having a class this time yesterday.I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.,动名词变化规则,易错点1,when的用法,when和while引导时间状语从句,1. 状语从句表示短时间的动作，主句常用进行时态或完成时态。When I came in,

30、he was reading the newspaper.,非延续性动词：come, go, leave, arrive, meet, die等。,易错点1,when的用法,when和while引导时间状语从句,2. 状语从句表示长时间的动作或状态，主句常用进行时态。When she was making a call, I was writing a letter.,易错点1,when的用法,when和while引导时间状语从句,3. 表示突然发生某事，意思是“正在时突然”，主句常用过去进行时，when从句常用一般过去时。I was just coming along to see you

31、when I ran into Wilson.,易错点1,while的用法,when和while引导时间状语从句,1. 主句和从句都用一般过去时。She listened carefully while he read.,延续性动词：read, study, sleep, write, listen, watch等。,易错点1,while的用法,when和while引导时间状语从句,2. 从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。While I was watching TV, Tom came in.,易错点1,while的用法,when和while引导时间状语从句,3. 主句和从句都用过去进行时

32、。While I was watching TV, she was doing some cleaning.,易错点2,用法不同,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,易错点2,用法不同,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,She was writing a letter to her friend at eight last night.She wrote a letter to her friend last night.,(信不一定写完),(信写完了),She waved to me. She was waving to me.,（挥了挥手）,（反复挥手）,易错点2,标志词不同,过去进行时和一般过去时

33、的区别,易错点2,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,We were having supper at this time yesterday.It was raining all those days.I was reading English while my mother was cooking breakfast.,（过去进行时）,易错点2,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,I lived in Beijing three years ago.The first Olympic Games happened in 1896.Anny used to be short, but she becom

34、es taller now.,（一般过去时）,【典例1】Little Tom _ computer games when his mother got home. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. playing,考查时态。句意：当妈妈到家的时候，小汤姆正在玩电脑游戏。when引导时间状语从句，主句多用进行时，时间发生在过去，故用过去进行时。,【典例2】 Turn off the water while you _ your teeth or washing your hands. A. were brushing B. brush C. are

35、 brushing D. brushed,考查时态。句意：当你刷牙或洗手的时候，请关掉水龙头。while引导时间状语从句，时态保持一致，brushing与washing并列；习惯的动作，故选现在进行时。,【典例3】I called you at 8:00 yesterday evening, but no one answered. Sorry, I _ clothes at that time. A. wash B. washed D. am washing D. was washing,考查时态。句意：昨晚八点我打电话给你，但是没有人接。不好意思，那个时候我正在洗衣服。at that ti

36、me为过去进行时标志词，选用was/were doing。,Unit6 语法专项课件（unless, as soon as, sothat的用法）,初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,unless的常见用法,unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非，如果不”。unless = if not。,Youll fail in English unless you work hard.Well miss the bus unless we walk more quickly.,as soon as的常见用法,as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。引导时间状语的连词包括when, whil

37、e, until, till, before, after等。,As soon as I have finished, Ill give you a call.Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing.,sothat的常见用法,1. so形容词或副词that .引导肯定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此以致于”。,2. so形容词或副词that .引导否定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此以致于不能”。,The sunshine is so nice that I want to go swimming.,sothat,The camera is so ex

38、pensive that I cant afford it.,易错点1,在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，应该使用一般现在时代替一般将来时，简称“主将从现”原则。,unless/as soon as引导状语从句的“主将从现”原则,主祈从现,主情从现,易错点1,Well be late unless we speed up.Ill return the book as soon as I finish it.,（主将从现）,（从现）,易错点1,Please call me as soon as you get there.,（主祈从现）,（从现）,易错点1,（主情从现）,You cant pass

39、 the exam unless you study hard.,（主情）,易错点2,一般情况下，unless相当于ifnot，可以互换，遵循“主将从现”原则。,I wont let you in unless you show me your pass.,unless与ifnot,I wont let you in if you dont show me your pass.,易错点3,结构不一样,so that/sothat的区别,so that后跟句子（目的状语从句/结果状语从句）sothat的结构为： so形容词或副词that从句,易错点3,so that引导结果状语从句（因此、所以）

40、或目的状语从句（以便、为了）。sothat只可以引导结果状语从句（如此以致于）。,表达含义不一样,易错点3,The speaker speaks loudly so that all of us can hear him. Maria likes this dress so that she decides to buy it at once.,The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him.,(目的状语从句),(结果状语从句),(结果状语从句),【典例1】_ youve tasted them, you cant imagine how delici

41、ous the dishes are. A. Because B. Although C. When D. Unless,考查连接词。句意：如果你不尝一尝，你就想象不到这些菜有多美味！because因为，although尽管，when当时候，unless如果不，根据题意只能选unless。,【典例2】 As soon as he returns to hometown, he _ his grandparents. A. visit B. visits C. will visit D. visited,考查连接词as soon as的用法。句意：他一回到家乡，就去看望他爷爷奶奶了。as soo

42、n as引导的从句“主将从现”，主句选一般将来时will visit。,【典例3】David was _ careless _ he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. so; /,考查状语从句。句意：大卫如此粗心以致于他根本没有发现考试卷子中的错误。根据句意，前后两个句子为前因后果，故答案选B。,Unit6 语法专项课件（过去进行时VS一般过去时）,初中英语人教版八年级下册,过去进行时定义,过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。,过去进行时

43、的结构,否定形式,问句形式,was/were + not + doing,Was/Were+主语+doing,He was sleeping at that time.,He wasnt sleeping at that time.,Was he sleeping at that time?,一般过去时定义,一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。,一般过去时的结构,否定形式,问句形式,主语 + didnt + 动原 + .主语 + was/were+ not + .,Did+主语+动原 +.?Was/Were+主语+动原+.?,主语 + 动词过去式+.主语

44、+ was/were+.,I cleaned my room last week.,I didnt cleaned my room last week.,Did you cleaned your classroom last week?,肯定形式,易错点,用法不同,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,易错点,用法不同,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,She was writing a letter to her friend at eight last night.She wrote a letter to her friend last night.,(信不一定写完),(信写完了),She wave

45、d to me. She was waving to me.,（挥了挥手）,（反复挥手）,易错点,标志词不同,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,易错点,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,We were having supper at this time yesterday.It was raining all those days.I was reading English while my mother was cooking breakfast.,（过去进行时）,易错点,过去进行时和一般过去时的区别,I lived in Beijing three years ago.The first Oly

46、mpic Games happened in 1896.Anny used to be short, but she becomes taller now.,（一般过去时）,【典例1】I _ tennis with my cousin every day when I was in America. A. play B. played C. had played D. has played,考查时态。句意：当我在美国的时候，我每天都跟我的堂哥一起打网球。根据句意可知，在过去经常做的事情，选用一般过去时。,【典例2】I didnt hear the phone because my father

47、 _ TV then. A. is watching B. was watching C. watched D. watches,考查时态。句意：因为我爸爸那个时候在看电视，所以我没有听到电话。then那一刻，是过去进行时标志词，根据句意选用现在进行时结构was/were doing。,【典例3】Do you know who took the students to the old peoples home, Tony? Well, Mr. Smith _. A. took B. does C. did D. do,考查时态。句意：托尼，你知道谁把这些学生带到敬老院了吗？恩，史密斯先生。根据

48、问句可知，此事发生在过去，排除B/D。took后边缺少成分。,Unit7语法专项课件（形容词、副词的比较级和最高级）,初中英语人教版（五四制）八年级上册,形/副比较级、最高级定义,两者比较用 3者用最高级，比较级，后接than 前加the,基本 用法,Lily is taller than me.,Tom is the tallest boy in our class.,比较级和最高级的构成,规则变化,比较级和最高级的构成,规则变化,比较级和最高级的构成,巧学妙记,比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er。词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以。一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母加y，要把y改i。最高级加

49、-est，前面加the莫忘记。形容词若是多音节，只把more, most前面写。,比较级和最高级的构成,不规则变化,比较级和最高级的构成,不规则变化,比较级和最高级的常见用法,原级,比较级和最高级的常见用法,比较级,比较级和最高级的常见用法,比较级,比较级和最高级的常见用法,最高级,易错点1,形容词比较级前可用a lot/far/a bit/much/even/still等词来修饰，表示“得多”，“更”，“一些”。very, really, so, too, rather, pretty, quite等词后只能用原级。,The problem is a lot more difficult t

50、han that one. 这道题比那道题要难得多。He is so careless that he loses the purse. 他是如此粗心以至于弄丢了钱包。,常见的用来修饰比较级的副词,易错点2,(1)形容词最高级用于同自身不同场合相比较时不带the。例如：Im busiest on Mondays. 我星期一最忙。,(2)形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格时，不带the。例如：Alice is the old mans youngest daughter. 艾丽斯是这位老人最小的女儿。,形容词最高级前不用the的情况,易错点2,形容词最高级前不用the的情况,(3)两个或多个形