牛津英语模块3 U1语言点讲解课件.ppt

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1、重点单词,1sense n感官；感觉；常识；意义 vt.感觉到 【用法拓展】 make sense讲得通 make sense of 懂得，了解 have(no)sense of.有(没有)的意思 a sense of duty/humor/direction 责任感，幽默感，时 间感 sense of time 时间感 common sense常识,Module 3Unit 1The world of our senses,Ive read the letter twice，but I cant make(any)sense of it(I cant understand it)我把信读了两

2、遍，但还是不解其意。剑桥高阶Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search for survivors in the earthquake.狗有非常灵敏的嗅觉，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。Whoever has common sense knows that smoking is harmful to peoples health.有常识的人都知道，吸烟是有害健康的。,即学即用,The expert says it _ to take care of our health by eating properly

3、 and taking regular exercise. Ais worth Bneeds sense Chas sense Dmakes sense 答案：DAlthough she didnt say anything，I _ that she didnt like this idea. Astared Bfeared Csensed Dwatched 答案：CThe manager has got a business _ so the company is doing well. Aidea Bsense Cthought Dthinking 答案：B,2observe vt.观察；

4、注意到；看到 【用法拓展】 observe 还可以表示监视；遵守；庆祝(节日) The police have been observing his movements. 警方一直监视他的一举一动。 The law should be strictly observed. 这项法律必须严格遵守。 They carefully observed the behavior of deer. 他们仔细观察了鹿的生活习性。 The guards failed to observe who delivered the package. 卫兵没有注意到是谁递送的这个包裹。剑桥高阶 I observed t

5、hat he entered the bank with a gun. 我看到他带着枪进了银行。 【特别提醒】 observe与see，hear，watch，feel，notice一样属于感官 动词，用法是后接 sb.do sth.或者sb.doing sth.，被动相应 则为：be observed to do/doing sth.,即学即用,单项选择The policeman observed the young fellow _ into the bank with a shotgun and he followed in. Ato walk Bwalking Cwalks Dhave

6、walked 答案：BHe _ the plant he grew and takes down the information of its growth every day. Anotices Bwatches Cobserves Dglances 答案：C完成句子他看到了一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。 He observed a stranger _ around the store. 答案：wandering琳达正在医院接受观察。 Linda is in hospital under _. 答案：observation,3.glance vi.&n. 瞥，扫视 【用法拓展】 give/sh

7、ow/take a glance at 朝匆匆看一下 glance at 匆匆看一下 at a glance 乍看之下 at first glance 乍一看 He glanced nervously at his watch. 他紧张不安地看了下表。 He could tell at a glance that something was wrong. 他一眼就看出出问题了。剑桥高阶 At first glance I thought it was a dog(but I was mistaken) 乍一看我还以为是一条狗呢(但是我看走眼了)。剑桥高阶 【特别提醒】 glance at 瞥一

8、眼 glare at 怒目而视 stare at 盯着看，凝视,即学即用,单项选择He formed a habit of _ the newspaper every morning. Aglancing over Bglancing at Clooking at Dlooking down 答案：B用observe/glance/watch/notice的正确形式填空He _ at his watch and walked faster than ever before. 答案：glanced,In this experiment，the scientist used a microscop

9、e _ the tiny creature. 答案：to observeShe _ a wallet on the ground and bent to pick it up. 答案：noticedWe stood there，_ the train disappear in the distance. 答案：watching,4nowhere adv.&n.任何地方都不 【用法拓展】 nowhere放在句首要倒装 get nowhere 进行得不顺利 nowhere near 差得远 The book was nowhere to be found. 到处都找不着那本书。美国传统 He wa

10、s getting nowhere with his homework until his sister helped him. 他在他姐姐的帮助下作业才有进步。 Nowhere else could he find such a beautiful village. 他在其他任何地方都找不到如此美丽的村庄。,即学即用,单项选择Maybe you have been to many countries，but nowhere else _ such a beautiful place. Acan you find Byou could find Cyou can find Dcould you

11、 find 答案：A The parents are sad，for their children are _ to be seen. Awhere Banywhere Csomewhere Dnowhere 答案：D完成句子Nowhere else _ _ _(他们可以欣 赏到)such special animals and plants. 答案：can they enjoy,14,5beat v跳动；击打；击败 n心跳 【用法拓展】 过去式，过去分词分别为：beat，beaten 作不及物动词时表示：(心脏)跳动；作及物动词时表 示：击打，拍打，打败 注：defeat 和beat 的宾语

12、必须是人或者一个集体，如a class，a team 等，二者常可换用。 defeat 多指战场打 败敌人，beat 常用作游戏，比赛中打败对手。 win 指在竞争中取胜，常接的宾语有：game，war， prize，fame，battle，victory。 They beat another class in the football game. 他们在那场足球赛上打败了另外一个班。 Waves are beating the rocks.海浪拍打着岩石。 My heart beat faster with excitement.我兴奋得心跳加 快。美国传统,即学即用,They were v

13、ery excited after they _ Class One in the football match. Abeat Bwon Cgain Dhit 答案：AI was about to give up my effort to work on the puzzle when a good idea _ me. Abeat Bstruck Cattacked Dcaught 答案：B,6freeze vt.&vi.结冰；冷得结冰；冷冻 【用法拓展】 (1)freeze sb.to death 把某人冻死 (2)freeze up 冻住(某物) (3)freezing cold 极其寒

14、冷 (4)frozen foods 冷冻食品 Pure water freezes at a higher temperature than salt water.纯净水的冰点比盐水高。美国传统 The window has frozen up，and I cant open it. 窗子被冻住了，我打不开。 Wheres the frozen foods section？冷冻食品区在哪里？,即学即用,On a _ cold night，the little match girl was _ to death in a street corner. Afrozen；frozen Bfreezi

15、ng；freezing Cfrozen；freezing Dfreezing；frozen 答案：D,7touch vt.&vi.触摸；感动 n接触，联系 【用法拓展】 (1)get in touch with 与取得联系 (2)keep in touch with 与保持联系 (3)lose touch with 和失去联系 (4)out of touch with 和失去联系 (5)touch sb.with sth.某事触动某人 (6)touching adj.令人感动的 (7)touched adj.感动的 Were in close touch with our office in

16、Spain. 我们与西班牙的办事处有密切的联系。剑桥高阶 Her tragic story touched us all deeply. 她的悲惨经历使我们很受触动。 I try to keep in touch with current events by reading newspapers.我经常读报来了解时事。 We lost touch over the years. 我们这些年失去了联系。剑桥高阶,即学即用,Numerous people in the world were _ by the _ courage of the disabled Chinese athlete Jin

17、 Jing when she physically protected the torch. Atouched；touched Btouching；touching Ctouched；touching Dtouching；touched 答案：C,8chance n可能性；几率，机会 v碰巧 【用法拓展】 (1)Chances are that./The chance is that.很可能 (2)by chance/by accident 偶然地 (3)take a chance/chances 碰碰运气 Id go now given half a chance(if I had the

18、slightest opportunity)要有丁点儿机会我现在就会走。剑桥高阶 Chances are/The chance is that we will win easily. 我们很可能会轻易取胜。 She tried to commit suicide，but we saved her life by chance.她试图自杀，但我们碰巧救了她。,即学即用,Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon. Athere being a chance Bthere to be a chance Cthere be a

19、chance Dbeing a chance 答案：A,9.distance n距离 【用法拓展】 (1)in the distance 在远处 (2)at/from a distance 隔一段距离 You can enjoy the firework displays better over the Birds Nest if you stand at a distance. 如果你站的更远点你会更好地欣赏鸟巢上空的烟火。 We could see a whale swimming in the distance. 我们能看见远处有条鲸在游动。美国传统,即学即用,There are two

20、 good Chinese restaurants within walking _ of my house.Alength Bdistance Cway Dspace答案：B,21,10avoid vt.避开，避免 【用法拓展】 (1)avoid sth.避免 (2)avoid doing sth.避免做 The report studiously avoided any mention of the controversial plan.这份报告有意避而不谈那个有争议的计 划。剑桥高阶 The thief fled to the hills to avoid being found by

21、the police. 为了避免被警察找到，小偷逃到了山上。,即学即用,She _ to have lunch with her friends，saying that she wasnt feeling well.Adeclined Bavoided Ctended Dapproved答案：AThey all occasionally _ mentioning that name.Aescaped Bavoided Cbeing avoided Dto escape 答案：B,22,23,重点短语,1reach out 伸手 【用法拓展】 (1)beyond/out of ones reac

22、h 达不到 (2)within ones reach 在某人能力范围之内 (3)reach a conclusion 得出一个结论 (4)reach for a book 伸手够一本书 He reached his hand out for the money. 他伸手去拿钱。剑桥高阶 One of the men suddenly reached out a hand and grabbed my arm.其中一个人突然伸手抓住我的胳膊。,即学即用,单项选择The boy _ the apple，but failed to catch it at last.Areached out Brea

23、ched out for Creached Dreached to答案：B完成句子那个乞丐伸出手来讨钱。The beggar _ _ his hand for money.答案：reached out,24,25,2make the most of 充分利用 【用法拓展】 make the best of 充分利用make use of 利用 make full use of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 We should make the best of our time. 我们应充分利用时间。 Who can tell the new use that the c

24、omputer will be made of in the future？谁能说出未来电脑对人们的新 用途？,即学即用,Every minute should be made full use of _ for the final exam.Ato prepare Bpreparing Cprepare Dhave prepare答案：A,26,3.cant help doing 忍不住做；禁不住做 【用法拓展】 (1)cant help(to)do 不能帮忙干某事 (2)cant help but do 不得不做某事 (3)help oneself to 自便 He couldnt hel

25、p crying when his mother got angry with him. 他妈妈对他生气的时候他忍不住哭了起来。 She cant help to do housework because of much homework.由于作业多，她没有办法帮忙做家务。 “Might I have some more bread？”“Please，help yourself！”“我能再吃些面包吗？”“请自便！”剑桥高阶,即学即用,单项选择We couldnt help _ of our miserable childhood when we watched TV play.Athinkin

26、g Bto think Cthink Dhaving thought答案：A用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空He cant help _(cry)at the bad news.答案：cryingI cannot help but _(admire)his courage.答案：to admireI am very sorry，for I cant help _(do)this.答案：(to)do,27,28,29,30,重点句子,1The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 【用法拓展】 (1)句式：t

27、ooadj./adv.to do 意思为：太而不能 (2)can never/not 动词 tooadj./adv.to do再也不为过 (3)too glad/pleased/surprised/happy/willing to do. 表示肯定意义，相当于very The problem is too difficult for me to work out. 这个问题太难，我做不出来。 You can never be too careful when you cross the road. 当你过马路的时候你越小心越好。,即学即用,Shall we go shopping this w

28、eekend?_.ANo，I dont BI cant agree more CNever mind DThats right答案：B,31,2Polly found herself staring up at a man standing with his hand resting on her arm. 【用法拓展】 with 的复合结构在英语表达中经常出现，也是考试的 热点，其用法为：with宾语宾语补足语 形式主要为： with宾语doing(doing 表主动) with宾语to do(to do 表将要做) with宾语done(done 表被动和完成) with宾语adj.(表状

29、态) with宾语adv.(表状态) with宾语介词短语,She came into the room，with her nose red because of being cold.她进了房间，鼻子冻得红着。With the meal over，we all went home.吃完饭后，我们都回家了。The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand/with book in hand.老师走进教室，手上拿着一本书。With so many problems settled，the new manager was so ex

30、cited.这么多问题被解决了，新上任的经理很激动。With so many problems to settle，the new manager will have a busy week.有这么多问题要去解决，新上任的经理将要度过忙碌的一周。With the guide leading the way，we quickly found the way to the tourist attraction.在导游的带路下，我们很快找到了去景点的路。,_production up by 60%，the company has had another excellent year.AWith BA

31、s CFor DThough答案：AThe boy stood still with his eyes _ on a map on the wall.Afixing Bto fix Cfix Dfixed答案：D,即学即用,32,33,名词性从句that，if whether引导名词性从句名词性从句就是具有名词特点的从句。它包括主语、宾语、同位语以及表语从句，掌握名词性从句首先需要掌握它的引导词。引导名词性从句的连接词分为三类，即连接代词、连接副词、以及连词。连接代词有what，whatever，which，whichever，who，whoever，whom，whomever，whose。连

32、接副词有why，when，where，how等。连词有that，whether，if。,一、 引导名词性从句的连词1that无词义，在句子中不作成分，只起连接作用，在宾语从句 中可以被省略。2whether，if 的区别：whether 通常可以引导所有的名词性从句， 而if通常只引导宾语从句，引导主语从句时不能放在句首。二、主语从句1主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在句子的谓语 动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子的末尾。在口 语中it作形式主语时，that可以省略。 It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not

33、. 你来不来没有关系。2that 引导主语从句在句首不能省略。 That he suddenly fell ill last week surprised us all. 上周他突然生病使大家都很惊讶。3if 引导主语从句不可置于句首，而要用whether。 Whether you are right has to be proved in the future. 你是否正确还有待在将来证明。,三、表语从句表语从句是在复合句中充当表语的从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是：主语系动词表语从句。可以接表语从句的系动词有：be，look，seem 等。The problem is whether we

34、 can make good preparations in such a short time.The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.It looks as if it is going to rain.主语是表示建议，命令，请求的名词时，其后的表语从句要用虚拟语气，动词形式是：should do，should 可被省略。My suggestion is that he(should)be sent to the hospital at once.,四、宾语从句1宾语从句就是在复合句中充当宾语

35、的从句，通常放在主句 谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。有些形容词如：sure， afraid，anxious，aware，certain，confident， convinced，determined，glad，proud，surprised， worried，sorry，thankful，ashamed，disappointed， annoyed，pleased，satisfied，content等后面也可跟宾语 从句。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以被省略掉，但如 果主句的谓语动词含有两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语 从句时，第二个宾语从句以及后面的宾语从句的that不可 省略。 I

36、hope(that)everything is all right. I am afraid(that)I have made a mistake. She promised(that)she would come and see him sometime and that she would never forget him.,2介词后的宾语从句不可用if连接，只用whether。 I am interested in whether you have finished your work.3whether 和if 引导宾语从句常可以互换，但在下面的情 况下不可互换： (1)宾语从句是否定句

37、时只用if不用whether I wonder if it doesnt rain. (2)用if 引起误解时要用whether Please let me know whether you want to go. (用if 的话会误解为条件句) 当宾语从句中有or not时只可与whether 搭配。,(3)介词后的宾语从句要用whether 引导，whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能用if 代替，但引导条件状语从句时只能用if 表示“如果”。It depends on whether he has enoug

38、h time.Whether you will accept or not，I should give you my advice.Please come to see me if you have time.,4否定转移 (1)think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine 等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句 的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I dont think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。 I dont believe he will come.我相信他不会来。 注意：若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定

39、词不能 转移。 I hope you werent ill.我想你没有生病吧。 (2)将seem，appear等后的从句的否定词转移到前面。 It doesnt seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。 It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。,(3)有时将动名词、介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓 语动词的否定。 I dont remember having ever seen such a man. 我记得从未见过这样一个人。(not否定动名词短语

40、having.) Its not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。 (anyone作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)5doubt(怀疑)的肯定句接if/whether引导的宾语从句，但否 定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。 I doubt whether/if he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。 I do not doubt that he can recite the poem. 我相信他能把这首诗背下来

41、。 Do you doubt that he will win? 你不相信他会获胜吗？,6虚拟情况： (1)在suggest，insist，order，demand，request， require，command，propose，desire等表示建议、 命令、要求、欲望的动词后面的宾语从句中，用虚 拟语气，即should动词原形，should常被省略。 He suggested that we should have a further discussion about the final decision. 他建议我们对最后的决定作进一步讨论。 She insisted that the

42、y should show her their passports. 她坚决要求他们向她出示护照。,五、同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明名词 的具体内容。同位语从句一般由that引导，但也可以由 whether 以及连接代词和连接副词引导。1同位语从句一般跟在名词的后面。如：fact，hope， idea，news，doubt，suggestion，information， opinion，decision，discovery，truth，promise， statement，problem，rule等。 They were all very much worried

43、over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪 儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether hell come or not.我不知道他是否来。 We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。,It is a question how he did it.那是一

44、个他如何做了此事的问题。There is no doubt that we will win.毫无疑问我们会赢的。注意：当含有同位语从句的主句谓语部分过短时，可以把谓语动词提前,使同位语从句与名词隔开,以避免头重脚轻的现象。Word came that Mr.President would come and inspect our school himself.有消息说总统先生将亲自来视察我们学校。 使用虚拟语气的同位语从句在一些表示建议、命令、要求的名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用should动词原形表示，should可省略。This is our only request that thi

45、s(should)be settled as soon as possible.尽快解决这个问题，这是我们唯一的请求。He made the suggestion that we go by train.他建议我们坐火车去。,2.,语法专练,1We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.(2009重庆) Athat Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere 解析：考查名词性从句。根据题意可知，空格处是同位语从 句的引导词，修饰中心名词reque

46、st，且在句子中不充当成 分，故用that。这句话的意思是：我们应该考虑学生的这个 要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供一些大众科学方面的书籍。 答案：A2Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport? No problem.(2009浙江) Awhen Bthat Cwhether Dwhat 解析：考查同位语从句。此处是由that引导的同位语从句， 表示“你有没有可能来机场接我？”。 答案：B,3It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared

47、for their future.(2009天津) Aas Bwhich Cwhether Dthat 解析：考查名词性从句。本空格处应是一个主语从句 的引导词，因该主语从句不缺成分，且句意完整，故 应用不作任何成分的连词that。 答案：D4They came to the conclusion _ by a computer. Athat not all things can be done Bbecause of not all things be done Cbeing not all things can be done Dbecause not all things can be

48、done 解析：that引导了一个同位语从句，作conclusion的同 位语。 答案：A,5Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless. Afor Bbecause Csince Dthat 解析：that引导表语从句，在从句当中不作成分， 也无意义。 答案：D6_we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good. AIf.do BThat.do CIf.does DThat.does 解析：that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，无意 义，do

49、sb.good是固定搭配，表示“对某人有好处”。 答案：D,7. _the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry. AThat BWhat CHow DWhich 解析：that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，无意义。 答案：A8_you come or not is up to you. AWhat BIf CWhy DWhether 解析：whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”之意，符合题意。 与后面的“or not”构成固定搭配，if不可以引导主语从句。 答案：D,9The fact _ she had not said anyth

50、ing surprised all of us. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dhow 解析：that引导一个同位语从句，作fact的同位语。 答案：C10_ you have seen things like these before doesnt matter. AIf BWhether CWhat DWhen 解析：whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”之意，符合 题意。if不可以引导主语从句放在句首。 答案：B,Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an