英语语法ppt课件（名词属格）.ppt

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1、Genitive Noun,Formation, meanings and uses of genitive nounsIndependent genitive and double genitive,Formation of genitive nouns,1. -s (singular non-s ending)my mothers arrivalwomens clothesBrownings poemsa poor peasants familythe visitors arrivalthe International Womens Dayher childrens toysthe men

2、s dorm,Formation of genitive nouns,2. - (plural s ending)the girls dormitorya teachers collegethe workers achievementsthe students dormitorythe teachers reading-roomthe heroes tombs,-s ending nouns used as modifiers,Teachers Training School far NationalitiesPeasants Amateur Performance TroupeAsian-A

3、fro Journalists Association Shanghai Teachers University Foreign Languages Press,Formation of genitive nouns,3. Compound nouns or a postmodified noun phrasemy mother-in-laws deathan hour and a halfs talksomebody elses opinionthe University of Minnesotas presidentthe editor-in-chiefs officemy brother

4、-in-laws friendBryant and Browns inquiresa cat and dogs life,Formation of genitive nouns,4. Coordinate nounsMarys and Bobs booksMary and Bobs booksAmericas and Englands problemsJohns, Marys and Jacks books,Formation of genitive nouns,5. NP + appositiveBasel the booksellersBasels, the booksellersWher

5、es my classmate Nancy Lees bike?I saw Tim at his friend Claras.,Formation of genitive nouns,6. Personal names ending in sibilant / z /Dickens / Dickenss novelJones / Joness poemsEngels / Engelss worksBurns/Burnss poemsMarxs doctrineRosss discoveries,Formation of genitive nouns,For s sake phrase:for

6、fairness sakefor appearance sakefor conscience sakefor justice sakefor goodness sakefor conscience sakefor convenience sake,Meanings of genitive nouns,1.Possessive genitive Mr Browns suitcase has been taken upstairs Taiwan is part of Chinas territory.2.Subjective genitive The Prime Ministers arrival

7、 was reported in the morning paper. Everybody was pleased at Davids quick recovery from illness.,Meanings of genitive nouns,3.Objective genitive The enemys defeat brought the war to an end. The criminals punishment will be ten years in prison.*Discussion (Subjective or Objective)Japans occupation of

8、 the Pacific islands after Pearl HarbourJapans occupation by the Allied Powers after her surrender,Meanings of genitive nouns,4.Genitive of origin I havent received my sisters letter yet. Newtons law was developed in the 17th century. Renmin Ribaos editorials (editorials by Rennin Ribao), the shippe

9、rs invoice (invoice from the shippers) Paulines letter (letter from Pauline) the girls story ( story told by the girl),Meanings of genitive nouns,5. Descriptive genitive I first met her on a summers day. This workshop makes mens shoes. childrens stories (stories for children) womens magazines (magaz

10、ines for women) a worlds fair (a fair sponsored by countries in the world) a doctors degree (a doctorate),Meanings of genitive nouns,6. Genitive of time, distance, measure, value, etc two hours delay, 300 kilometers distance five dollars worth of stamps 50 kilograms weight a three days journey (a jo

11、urney lasting three days) two months absence (absence lasting two months) two or three minutes hunting an hours work,Uses of genitive nouns,1. Possessive determinersthe boys father = his fatherthe womans husband = her husbandthe students essays = their essaysthe prime ministers arrival = his / her a

12、rrivalthe criminals punishment = his / her punishmentMarys letter = her letterthe strangers story = his story,Uses of genitive nouns,2. Descriptive genitive and the genitive that denotes time, etc.a childrens book, these childrens booksan interesting childrens booksome other new childrens booksthe n

13、ewly published childrens booka / another three days journeya pleasant three days journeyanother very boring three days journey,Genitive nouns and of-phrase,Interchangeable:Chinas foreign policy = the foreign policy of Chinaan elephants trunk = the trunk of an elephantthe prime ministers arrival = ar

14、rival of the prime ministerthe criminals punishment = punishment of the criminalNewtons law = the law of NewtonShakespeares tragedies = the tragedies of Shakespeare,Genitive nouns and of-phrase,Non-interchangeable: At ones wits end, at swords points a hairs breadth, a wolf in sheeps clothing a birds

15、 eye view, at a stones throwthe opinion of the chairman appointed a month agothe suggestions of those present at the meetingthe income of the richthe struggle of exploited, the City of Rome,Independent genitive,1 When the missing noun has occurred somewhere in the context and can be easily retrieved

16、:Her memory is like an elephants.Marys is the largest apartment in the buildingMy car is faster than Johns.The childs hatred for the enemy is as deep as his fathers .The martyrs cause was the Chinese peoples, all the oppressed peoples, and all internationalists.Whose turn is it? - It is Toms.This ye

17、ars mixed doubles final was much more exciting than last years.Lees is a very inspiring book.Marys was the prettiest dress.,Independent genitive,2. When the missing noun refers to somebodys house or residenceIm going to dine at my brothers.The doctors is on the other side of the street.Shall we meet

18、 at his brothers (house) before we see him off .The doctors (house) is on the other side of the street.I saw him at my aunts and uncles (house) last week.Im going to stay at the Johnsons.,Number forms of abstract nouns,3. When the missing noun refers to church, school, or other public buildingsJoe l

19、ives near St. Pauls (Cathedral) in London,He was educated at Merchant Tavlors (school) .Wheres St. Jamess (Palace)?Tom was educated at Merchant Trylors (school) .,Independent genitive,4. When the missing noun refers to commercial firmsPickled vegetables are available at the grocers.Chinese toys are

20、said both at Smiths and at Browns.Bill bought the Chinese luncheon meat at the butchers.You can have the camera mended at the photographers.Dick found a great variety of Chinese toys both at Smiths and at Browns.I buy my meat at Johnsons.Im going to the dentists.,Double genitive-discussion,Differenc

21、es in meaningMrs Browns daughterMrs Browns daughter MaryMary, daughter of Mrs BrownMary, a daughter of Mrs Browns,Double genitive,He is a friend of my fathers .= He is one of my fathers friendThis is a painting of my roommates .= This is one of the paintings owned by my roommateShe is a business cli

22、ent of Sir Rogers.= She is one of Sir Rogers business clients.Note: The independent genitive in the of-phrase must be definite specific personal reference.,Double genitive,Acceptable or not:a patient of the doctorsa patient of a doctorsan engine of the planes,Double genitive,Indefinite determiner (a

23、(n), some, any, etc)Demonstrative determiner(this,that) a daughter of Mrs Greensany / some daughters of Mrs Greenstwo daughters of Mrs Greenswhich daughter of Mrs Greensthat daughter of Mrs Greens,Double genitive & ordinary of-phrase,He is a friend of my fathers.= He is one of my fathers friends.He

24、is a friend of my father.Implies He is friendly to my father. ,Double genitive & ordinary of-phrase,a portrait of Mr Browns.one of the portraits owned or collected by Mr Browna portrait of Mr Brown= a picture of Mr Brown himself,Double genitive & ordinary of-phrase,a criticism of Mr Hamiltons= one o

25、f the criticisms made by Mr Hamiltona criticism of Mr Hamilton= Mr Hamilton is criticized,Double genitive & ordinary of-phrase,a bone of the dogsa bone of the dog,Supplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive Case,AnimatedEx-president Nixons China VisitJohn Browns / the workers / his brother-in-Iaws expl

26、oitsYour Majestys / Your Excellencys / His Royal HighnesssLord Smiths / General Brooms / Sir Johns remarks,Supplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive Case,Collective NounsThe Partys policythe Corporations exportsThe governments decisionThe teams matches,Supplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive Case,Ge

27、ographical namesChinas science and technology driveEuropes futureShanghais industriesNew Yorks downtown areasthe countrys developmentthe words population,Supplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive Case,Heavenly bodiesThe earths satelliteThe suns rotationThe moons orbitThe globes surface,Supplement-Fea

28、tures of Nouns in Genitive Case,Timethis years salesthe hockey seasons first eventtodays / yesterdays / tomorrows assignmentthe mornings / the next days / Fridays workan hours drivea moments thoughtthe decades eventsthe weeks weather,Supplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive Case,Weight and measureme

29、nta pounds weighttwo dollars worth of stampsget ones moneys worthfive tons capacitya hundred metres distance,Of-phrase,当of词组的名词后面跟有后置修饰语或同位语时Some sentences have been changed at the suggestion of the teachers present at the meeting.Do you know the opinion of the committee appointed a few days ago?Hav

30、e you read the articles of the students who were with us at the rally yesterday?Hammond is the president of a university in Sweden.,Of-phrase,当of词组的介词补足成分是以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人的结构时The struggle of the exploited in those areas is developing.In pre-liberation days, the rulers paid little attention to the welfare of the poor.当of词组用在某些同位结构中时the City of Romethe ten of us,