有毒动植物中毒课件.ppt
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1、,有毒动植物食物中毒,有毒动植物食物中毒,河豚鱼中毒 Puffer fish poisoning 鱼类组胺中毒 Fish histamine poisoning 麻痹性贝类中毒 Paralytic shellfish poisoning 毒蕈中毒 Noxious mushroom poisoning四季豆中毒 kidney bean poisoning,Food poisoning,2006-4-27,The puffer fish lives in shallow coastal waters, coral reefs and tidal lagoons in the western and
2、 central Pacific Ocean. The puffer fish has rounded fins and eyes that protrude from its head. The puffer fish gets its food by using its puffer-like beak like teeth. The puffer fish protects itself by puffing itself up by taking gulps of water or air to fill its stomach. This makes the spine on its
3、 body which normally lies flat against its skin puff up.,Puffer fish poisoning河豚鱼中毒,Food poisoning,Distribution and Level of Toxin毒素分布及毒性大小:,毒性与季节有关,春季最毒存在于卵巢、肝、脾、肾等脏器及皮肤、血液、眼球等部位。毒性大小:卵巢、肝脏最毒肾、血液次之新鲜洗净的肌肉不含毒死鱼肉或有些品种的鲜鱼肉,螺类,也含有毒素。,Food poisoning,2006-4-27,Food poisoning,TTX is an especially potent n
4、eurotoxin, specifically blocking voltage-gated sodium channels on the nerve membranes surface. The TTX-Na Channel binding site is extremely tight (Kd = 10-10 nM).,Poisoning Mechanism 中毒机制,阻断神经肌肉间的传导,外周血管扩张,使血压急剧下降,,使神经末梢和中枢神经麻痹。,感觉神经 运动神经麻痹,口腔与胃肠道粘膜吸收,呼吸中枢和血管运动中枢麻痹而致死。,作用于神经系统,Emergency treatment紧急处
5、置催吐:1% CuSO4 洗胃:1/20004000 KMnO4或1 3%NaHCO3导泻:50% MgSO4 50ml 对症治疗: 早期解毒:L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐静脉滴注 呼吸困难:洛贝宁、尼可刹米注射 肌肉麻痹:士的宁、番木鳖碱 保肝解毒:高渗葡萄糖输液,Food poisoning,避免误食中毒,开展宣传教育,改变饮食习惯,新鲜河豚鱼统一收购 去头、皮、内脏鱼干,河豚鱼鱼干经鉴定后食用,禁止食用新鲜河豚鱼,Preventive measures,预防措施,Food poisoning,常见的河豚鱼,Food poisoning,家庭自制河豚鱼要不得,河豚鱼集中处理,中毒后立即接受治疗,严防
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