中考英语考前指导课件.ppt

《中考英语考前指导课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语考前指导课件.ppt（70页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。

1、你们好,英语应试要点友情提醒：1.我难人难我不畏难，我易人易我不大意！(心理战术) 2.答案先写在试卷上，确准后再填涂到答题卡上,答题卡填好后也要认真复查。（书面表达要先打草稿）(方法战术),2,解题策略,心态平和，自信从容。精神饱满，集中精力。耐心仔细，谨防遗漏。,冠词连词介词名词代词形容词和副词动词短语同义词辨析疑问词数词感叹句,考点扫瞄,4,12.连系动词13.情态动词14.非谓语动词15.反意疑问句16.选择疑问句17.宾语从句18. 被动语态19. 特殊句型和固定结构20. 延续性与短暂性21. 交际用语,考点扫瞄,5,语言知识: 1. 冠词 (a, an, the, /) 2.连词

2、 : a) and, but , or, so b) though/although, unless =if -not- c) until, when, before, after, while, as, as soon as ,since d) because of, because, as, since,so e) so-that-, so that, too-to- f) that, if/whether, what, how, when,6,3.介词: a)时间前的介词:in, on, at, until, during, after, before, since, for b)方位介

3、词:through, past, over, across, along, around, below, above, under, between-and-, among, from-to- c) except, besides, including, instead of, like, with, without,7,4. 名词: a)不可数名词:advice, news, information, weather, work, fun b)集体名词:the police, the family, peoplec)单复同形: sheep, fishd)名词所有格:s / se) 复合名词:

4、women / men teachersf) 名词复数: -ves, -oes,-ies feet, women, teeth, children Germans, Walkmans,8,5.代词: a)人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 b)不定代词:all, none, any, every, anotherboth, neither, either, each, the othersomething, anything, nothing, everythingsomebody, anybody, nobody, everybodysomeone, anyone, no one, everyon

5、e区别：1）none, no one, nothing 2）everyone, every one of 3）none, not all/all not/not every 4) it, one, ones, that 5) so, such, neither, nor,9,6. 形容词、副词及其比较等级构成：双写：wetter,fatter,sadder,bigger,thinner, slimmest, hotter 不规则：bad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least far-farther-farthest -further-furthest

6、older/elder 多音节：expensive-more - most -less - least healthier, more healthily,10,形容词、副词形容词修饰人或物： sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy friendly, daily, weekly -ful, -less； un-/ im-/dis-/in-/ir- -ed/-ing: excited/ exciting pleased/ pleasant/ pleasure (n.)副词修饰动词、形容词等： badly, sadly, angrily, easily ,politely -pl

7、e/ -ble/ -tle: terribly, simply, gently*true-truly,11,形容词、副词比较等级a)同级比较：as-as- not -as/so-as- A is like B. / A and B are alike. the same as-/ different from- A is the same size as B.b)比较级: much, a little, even, far - than-/ the taller of the two The more-, the better-c)最高级of/ among/in/ 序数词+/one of+ *

8、 区别：than any-; than any other-,12,7. 动词短语: put up/put away/ put on/ put off/ put out look up/look over/look for/ look after turn up/turn down/turn on/turn off have been to/ have gone to/ have been in give out 分发，散发 / give away赠送，分发，泄露 / give up 放弃/ give in 屈服 take off 脱下，起飞 / take down 取下 / take out

9、取出 / take away拿走，夺走，拆去 / take in 吸进,13,8. 同义词辨析: spend/ cost/ pay/ take borrow/lend/keep/ forget/leave; take/bring/get/carry wear/ dress/put on/ try on say/speak/ tell/ call/ talk arrive in(at)/ get to/ reach the reason for / the cause of,14,a number of/ the number offew/little/a few/ a little (only

10、,just,still+肯)alone/lonelyasleep/sleepydie/dying/be dead/deathfloor/groundused to do sth/ be used to doing sth/ be used to do/for doing sthboth-and-/ not only-but also-neither-nor-/ either-or-,15,9.同形不同义的词用法辨析: if: 1）如果，主句将来，从句现在。 2）是否，该用将来时就用。 =whether when:I will call you when he comes today.I don

11、t know when he will come today.He came in when I was writing a letter. room:房间,可数名词; 空间,不可数名词=space make room for sb. 给腾出地方,16,9. 疑问词: a) what, how, who, which, when, whereb) how long, how soon, how often, how far区别:what/ who; what/which; what/how who/whom/whoseWhat do you call that?How do you say t

12、hat?what to do with sth/ how to deal with sthCan you tell me what life will be like?What do you think of sth?How do you like /find/feel about sth?,17,10. 数词: 基数词: forty, ninety 百位与十位之间加and,十位与个位之间加连字符号.three thousand two hundred and forty-five (3245)序数词:first,second,third,fourth,ninth,twelfth,twenti

13、eth, fortieth, ninetieth, twenty-secondthe twentieth century; the Fourth Unitcome first,18,复数的应用: in ones fifties, the eighties of the last century the 1980s分数: one third; three quarters; two fifths_ the people took part in the activity.Three hundred B. Three hundreds C. Three hundred of D. Three hu

14、ndreds of,19,11.感叹句: What +形容词+名词+主语+动词! How+ 形容词/副词+主语+动词! What a nice day it is!What fine weather it is! (work, news, information, food, advice)What fun it is!What a great time we had!What a heavy rain!How beautifully she is dancing!( 对照so/ such 用法）,20,12. 连系动词+形容词, 无被动语态. sound, taste, smell不能与we

15、ll 连用,不用进行时态.feel, look+well 表身体健康 +good表全方位好 That sounds exciting, doesnt it? Lovely weather, isnt it? The meat smells _. Throw it away. A. bad B. good C. badly D. nicely The cloth washes _. A. easy B. easily C. difficult D. difficulty,A. bad,B. easily,21,13. 情态动词+动词原形 can, may, must, need, ought t

16、o have to, dare, could, might cant, may not, neednt, oughtnt to, dont have to, darent, couldnt May I-? Yes, you may./No, you cant. Could I-?Yes, you can. /No, you cant. Must I-? Yes, you must. No, you neednt/dont have to.,22,比较: neednt do sth/ dont need to do need sth/ dont need sth 表猜测: can可能, 用于疑问

17、句中 Can you be here before eight? 用于表示事情发生的前提条件 If you arent careful, fire can be dangerous. may可能, 用于肯定句中 Im not sure. It may be Kittys. must 一定 cant 不可能, 一定不,23,14. 非谓语动词: a) 动词+doing: spend, keep, finish, practise, enjoy, mind, suggest, consider, give up, feel like be busy, have fun, have a good t

18、ime, have difficulty/ trouble/problems, cant help, be worth b) forget doing/ to do remember doing/ doing stop doing/ to do go on doing/ to do,24,c) 动词+to do plan, decide, prepare,would like, agree, fail, hope, refuse,promise ask/tell/advise sb to do/ not to dod) 动词+do help do/to do/with sth see, hea

19、r, watch, make, let sb do sthe) 介词+doing Thanks for doing./ think of doing / How about doing?/ without getting angry,25,He spent as much time as he could _ playing the violin. practise B. practising C. practised D. to practise He spent as little time as Sandy _( do) on it. Each of us should do what

20、we can _ the disabled. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps,B. practising,did,B. to help,26,15. 反意疑问句: 前肯后否,前否后肯 否定词: few, little, no, nothing, nobody, none, seldom, never, hardly He is never late, is he? - No, he isnt. He always comes early. He is unhappy, isnt he? -Yes, he is. He failed the exam

21、. Lets-, shall we?- Thats a good idea. Dont-, will you?- No, I wont. Do-, will you? -Yes, I will.,27,Jack failed in the competition, _he?did B. didnt C. was D. wasnt Helen hates to borrow money from others, _? does she B. doesnt she C. does Helen D. doesnt Helen -Tom dislikes swimming, doesnt he? -_

22、. He never goes swimming with us. Yes, he does B. No, he doesnt C. Yes, he doesnt D. No, he does,didnt,B. doesnt she,A. Yes, he does,28,17. 宾语从句: 连词: that, if, whether, 特殊疑问词 语序: 陈述句(主谓顺序) Do you know who he is? Can you tell me what is in the box？ Could you tell me what is the matter with you？时态:1.

23、主句过去,从句过去 2. 主句现在,从句任意 3. 客观规律,自然现象用一般现在时.The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.,29,18. 被动语态:(by sb) am/is/are +过去分词 was/were+过去分词无被动语态：happen, take place, appear, come out, sell well, feel soft19. 延续性与短暂性 die-be dead fall asleep-be asleep borrow-keep buy-have join-be in leave- be away b

24、egin-be on open- be open finish- be over come/go- be inHow long have you _ this school?A.been to B. gone to C.been in D.come to,C,30,20. 特殊句型和固定结构: would rather do sth than (do) sth prefer doing to doing prefer sth to sth prefer to do rather than （do） sth Will you please do/ not do sth? had better d

25、o/not do sth Would you like to do sth? Its better to do than to do. I could do nothing but wait. There be句型的各种时态结构.,31,Its 形容词 of sb to do sth.Its 形容词 for sb to do sth.I find/think/feel it形容词 to do sth.He is too young to go to school. He was tall enough to reach the basket.,32,21. 交际用语 1) 赞扬- Thank

26、you. 2) 祝愿 Do you mind doing? Not at all. / Of course not. / Youd better not. (注：不可用Never mind.)2. Thats right. / Thats all right. / All right. / Youre right. 3. No problem. / Never mind. / Im sorry to hear that. / Youre welcome.,33,22. 语音（见讲义）say says said / pay paid house houses / window brown mou

27、th / mouths 双音节、多音节单词 注意重音位置,34,一、听力2018年中考听力题对考生要求高了，难度也加深了，听的过程中做做速记，捕捉的信息准确，才能答题正确。 以原文为基础进行分析、推理，从而得出结论。 注意同一内容的不同表达方式，关注句式变化. 无单词拼写错误，无大小写错误， 要注意:人称，时态和语态与问句要一致。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,二、单项选择属于考查各项基础知识的传统题型，此题内容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面。此题灵活，覆盖面广，但多数题目源于课本或化于课本。答题时要注意：1、题目有语境，吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，并从词法、语法、惯用法、词的搭配等

28、多方面考虑。2、对话构成题干，更生活化，更灵活，要根据实际情况来断定答案。3、注意综合性的知识，切记“语不离句，句不离文，语法不离语境”。用排除法选出答案。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,单项选择解题技巧1. 詹前顾后,联系上下文。根据选项确定考点范围。 2.注意固定搭配和常用句型 。 3.检查语境、语法 (构词、大小写、单复数、时态、语态、逻辑关系等)，找准关键词。4. 代入复查，分析结构，谨防陷阱。5. 把握不准的题目，作适当的记号，以便优先复查1. I wonder _ I can do to help you. A. whether B. how C. what D. when 2. He

29、will spend as much time as he can _others. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping 3. Hes just back , _he? A. isnt B. is C. has D. hasnt,C,D,A,37,三、完形填空 它要求考生有较精准的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。课文中出现的动词、固定搭配词组，要特别注意，因为这些内容掌握的好坏，是考生能否正确遣词造句的关键，每学到一个动词、固定搭配词组，都要联系简单句的5个基本句型考虑

30、组成句子。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,38,三部曲：通读、对照、检查 1.读短文，了解大意。 2.逐个对照选项,对号入座。 3.填入答案再通读全文,检查文章是否通顺、正确，确保所选答案的语义和语法都正确。 4.遇到疑问,暂时放一放，先完成有把握的题目，最后再耐心寻找上下文中的信息词。 5. 实在不能确定, 选择你认为的最佳答案。 6.代入复查，清除疏漏，调整答案。 主要考查: 词性、固定搭配、固定结构、词义辨析及篇章语意的理解。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,填词 A. 注意词意和词形相结合，包含各种词性（名词、代词、数词、动词、介词、副词、形容词、分词doing/done)。 1.注意单复数、动词的

31、形式和所有格形式。 2.注意形容词和副词的三级(原级、比较级和最高级)。,40,B.词形变化1.认真读题，根据句意初步确定每句所需单词，然后根据句意、句型结构、词法规则确定应填单词形式。2.将较难或把握不大的题留至最后。3.实在难确定再回到句意上, 注意詹前顾后,联系上下文，切忌马虎。如：Can you tell me the _ names? (play)主要考查：形容词和副词的三级，名词复数，名词所有格，序数词，名词性物主代词，反身代词，构词法，天气形容词，分词等。,players,41,C.时态填空：六种时态：一般现在时（do, does； am/ is /are) ; 一般过去时（di

32、d/ was/ were) ;一般将来时（will/ shall do；am/is/are going to do / wont/ shant do) ; 现在进行时（am/is/are doing) ; 现在完成时（have/ has done) ; 过去进行时（was/were doing) 。 一般不重复。,42,1. 根据句意选择符合句意的动词2.找起关键作用的时间状语，确定时态。试比较:They _(teach) us English for two months.They _(teach) us English for two months last year.3. 关注主谓语的单

33、复数形式一致。特别注意：看A判断：A with B / A , like B/ A together with B看B判断：A or B / not only A but also B / either A or B / neither A nor B 一定是复数： A and B ； the police/ the family(一家人）/ people/ the Smiths4.考虑主语和动词之间的关系,确定语态。如：He _(ask) not to be late again a moment ago.She _(be) here since a moment ago.,have tau

34、ght,taught,was asked,has been,43,5.根据上下文语境确定时态。1. -Jack , can you pass me the book? -Pardon? I _ ( think) about a maths problem. 2. -Jack, can you lend me your dictionary? -Pardon? I _( not hear) you. 3. How clean the window is! Who_( clean) it？ 6. 根据主从句的关系确定时态。如：1. I wonder when Mum _ (return) from

35、 Shanghai. When she _( return), I will tell her this good news. 2. We wonder if it _( rain ) tomorrow. If it _( rain), we will have to stay at home.,was thinking,didnt hear,has cleaned,will return,returns,will rain,rains,44,四、阅读理解读、找、查 （即：读三遍）1.第一遍 基本看懂图文。2.第二遍 初选答案,并从文中找到依据。 3.第三遍 填答案,再读文章,敲定答案。4.

36、确定标题要纵观全文，找关键词key words 。5.考虑作者意图。按文章内容和逻辑关系 选出结论或推论。特别要注意认真阅读题干，明确答题要求，以防文字游戏。（true, not true) 关注相同意思的不同表达形式。,在中考英语的试卷中，阅读理解是中考英语中非常重要的一部分，所占分数比例较大，文章题材涉及也很广。要想搞定中考英语，首先就要搞定阅读理解。 在英语的学习过程中，很多同学可能会遇到觉得文章读懂了却做错题的情况。其实，只要掌握一些必备的解题技巧，英语阅读并非那么可怕。下面，给大家分享一些考研英语阅读理解的答题技巧：,中考英语各题型答题技巧,中考英语各题型答题技巧,一、阅读题的四种题

37、型及命题思路1、主旨大意题阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。在统览全篇的同时要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主题 句，因为一些显性的答案是可以从主题句中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,主题句一般具有以下特征：概括全段思想。一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用单词、短语表达的。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等推理、判断，从

38、而获取文章中内隐的信息。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,主旨题常见的命题形式：The main idea of this text may be.This passage is mainly about. The authors purpose in writing this text.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? Whats the topic of the text?The passage gives us is.,中考英语各题型答题技巧,典型例题北京市中考题阅读理解C篇第四题：The greatest hel

39、p the passage gives us is _.A. to introduce a food guide to the worldB. to provide us with knowledge of six food groupsC. to suggest a way of eating for a healthy lifeD. to find the main cause of some serious diseases答案为C。不同的饮食习惯给我们的健康生活带来了不同的影响，而不是提供各种类型食物的知识等，因此不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，选择其它的选项。,中考英语各题型答题技

40、巧,2、推断题这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚至是模棱两可。解答这类题时，要求同学予以高度重视注意从话题出发，充分运用自己的逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获取信息，做出正确的判断。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,应特别注意以下特征：吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础;推理的根据来自于上下文;不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点;在提问中常用

41、的词有suggest,mean,infer(推断),from the fact,indicate(暗示) conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，according to等。推断题常有的命题形式： It can be known from the text that . From the text we know that . The story implies that . The paragraph following the passage will most probably be . The writer suggests that.,中考

42、英语各题型答题技巧,典型例题北京市海淀区中考试题阅读理解C篇第三题：It can be learned from the last paragraph (段落) that _. A.you are supposed to follow your parents words B.students should not listen to music before exams C.you have some good reasons to exercise to music D.music might help you to get higher grades in tests根据文中：A stu

43、dy showed students who listened to Mozart went on to score higher marks in an intelligence test. 这一个信息得知，科学家研究发现，凡是听莫扎特音乐的同学在智力测试中不断获得更高的分数。因而答案为D.,中考英语各题型答题技巧,3、事实细节题在阅读理解题中，又有相当一部分属于事实或细节题，下面仅就这类题的正确解法作简要说明。首先是直接理解性题目，这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案; 另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关

44、键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,典型例题北京市中考题阅读理解 C 篇第三题： Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. More and more people have good eating habits now.B. Parentseating habits are important to their children.C. Good eating habits develop only when you

45、are young.D. The more fruit and vegetables we eat, the longer we will live.这道题答案为B。文中：When parents have poor eating habits, their children usually do, too. After all, children eat the same way as their parents. 父母的饮食习惯不断地影响着孩子，因此对孩子非常重要。对于这类型的题只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,4、猜测词意题这类问题主

46、要考察学生两方面能力。根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中的含义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。猜词的活动是阅读中经常遇到的，阅读理解题目中的作为干扰项出现的错误选项，一般多是学生比较熟悉、想当然的词典意义，或者适应学生习惯的汉语思维方式; 而正确的含义往往不只是词典上的，而是要通过上下文内容的提示才能确定的。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,解这类题时应注意以下特点：注意一些过渡词语，如that is, this is, in other words等，它们直接引出了同义解释;注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果，让步，递进，转折，列

47、举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。注意同义词、近义词、反义词、同位语、定语从句，相似或相反的结构等。对于句中首字母或全部是大写的单词,应该猜出可能是专有名词(人名、地名、组织等)，因此拼读有时是最合适的方法。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,典型例题北京市海淀区中考试题阅读理解C篇第一题：The underlined word enhance can be replaced by _.A. impress B. improve C. provide D. produce由上句improve一词可猜出enhance也是“提高”之意又如：北京市西城区中考试卷阅读理解D篇第二题： “Flattened

48、 wheat” means _ .A. broken wheat B. lying wheatC. harvested wheat D. growing wheat此题是依据该短语前面的句子：Some of his wheat was lying on the ground .此外，还有明确的信息：The wheat in the circles lies on the ground but is never broken ;由此我们推测出“Flattened wheat”是lying wheat而不是broken wheat。,中考英语各题型答题技巧,二、一般阅读文章的十大考点1、列举处常考

49、 细节题，特别是Which型和Except型;2、转折处和对比处常考However, but, yet, in fact, although, 转折：unlike,until, however, but等。3、例子常考 推断题和细节题as, such as, for example, for instance, i.e. etc.4、数字和年代常考文中的数字、年代和日期常常是命题的重点。5、最高级和绝对性词汇常考 答案具有唯一性must, all, only, anyone, always, never,或most,first.,中考英语各题型答题技巧,6、专有名词常考 人名、地名等专有名词7

50、、细节处常考 细节题同位语，插入语，定语，长句的后半句，从句，副词，介词，不定式。8、因果句常考 推断题因果连词：because,since, for, as, therefore, so, consequently etc因果动词：cause,result in，originate from, etc因果名词：base,basis, result, consequence. etc9、段落中心句常考 主题题和细节题段首句和文尾句往往是作者表达中心思想和进行总结综述之处，10、 特殊标点常考 细节题破折号、括号、冒号表示解释，引号表示引用,中考英语各题型答题技巧,三、正确答案的二十个特征1、体