新版九年级英语 被动语态ppt课件.ppt

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1、被动语态的用法, 基本用法, 特殊用法, 英语的语态分_和_。 _ 表示主语是动作的执行者。 _ 则表示主语是动作的承受者。 由“助动词_+_”构成： Everybody likes him. 大家都喜欢他。 ( _语态) He is liked by everybody. 他受到大家的喜欢。 ( _ 语态),一、主动语态和被动语态概说,主动语态,被动语态,主动语态,被动语态,be,过去分词,主动,被动,二、何时使用被动语态,1. 不知道谁是_或 没有必要如： Paper is made from wood. The house is quite old. It was built in 19

2、50.,动作的执行者,二、何时使用被动语态,2. 需要_时如： Calculator cant be used in the maths exam. Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.,强调动作的承受者,二、何时使用被动语态,3. 为了使_，避免提及自己 或对方而使用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要， 使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。如： The work must be completed next month Electricity is used to run machines.,语气婉转,二、何时使

3、用被动语态,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法 将主动语态的_变为被动语态 的_，将主动谓语变为被动谓语 (_)，将主动语态的主语变为 _短语(在被动句中用作状语)： He broke the cup. _ 注意：若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的 by短语通常可以省略： 他生于1986年。 _ 这种花叫什么花？ _,宾语,主语,be+过去分词,by,The cup was broken by him.,He was born in 1986.,What is this flower called?,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,2. 被动语态的时态 时态回顾：（时

4、态主要以谓语动词的不同 形式体现出来。）,一般现在时,do/does,一般过去时,did,一般将来时,过去将来时,will/shall do,would/should do,现在进行时,is/am/are doing,was/were doing,过去进行时,现在完成时,has/have done,过去完成时,had done,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(1) 一般现在时的被动语态： _ 我们学校学英语。 _ 我们在学校受到很好的照顾。 _,am /is/ are+过去分词,English is taug

5、ht in our school.,We are taken good care of at school.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(2) 一般过去时的被动语态： _ 他被带到了警察局。 _ 这座房子是10年前建的。 _,was /were+过去分词,He was taken to the police station.,The house was built ten years ago.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下

6、：,(3) 一般将来时的被动语态： _ 不久这里将建一栋新楼。 _ 会议将于今天下午2点举行。 _,A new building will be built here soon.,will be+过去分词,The meeting will be held at two this afternoon.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(4) 过去将来时的被动语态： _ 他说会议将于下周举于。 _,would be+过去分词,He said that the meeting would be held the ne

7、xt week.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(5) 现在完成时的被动语态： _ 所有的工作现在都做好了。 _ 信都寄了吗？ _,have /has been+过去分词,All the work has been done now.,Have the letters been posted?,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(6) 过去完成时的被动语态： _ 他说工作已完成了。 _,had been+过去分词,He said

8、 the work had been finished.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(7) 现在进行时的被动语态： _ 我的表正在由他修理。 _ 计划现在正在讨论。 _,am /is/ are being+过去分词,My watch is being repaired by him.,The plan is now being discussed.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,(8) 过去进行时的被动语态： _ 他说那

9、个人正在动手术。 _ 他说正在修建一个新车站。 _,was /were being+过去分词,He said that the man was being operated on.,He told me that a new station was being built.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,3. 含有情态动词的被动形式 若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在相应 的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其 结构为“_”： Everyone must know this. _,情态动词+be+过去分词,Thi

10、s must be known by everyone.,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：,请看以下带情态动词被动句实例： 这不是短期内可以完成的。 _ 这可以由机器来做吗? _ 这工作必须马上做了。 _,This cant be done in a short time.,Can this be done by machine?,The work must be done at once.,练习,1. They will reprint the book soon. _2. They can not find

11、him. _3. The rabbits will eat the carrots. _4. They have set up a power station in their home town. _,The book will be reprinted soon.,He can not be found by them.,The carrots will be eaten by the rabbits.,A power station has been set up in .,练习,5. I often play basketball on Sundays. _6. The Russian

12、 businessman will buy the famous painting by Xu Beihong. _7. They had build three ships by last December. _,Basketball is often played by me on .,The famous painting by Xu Beihong willbe bought by the Russian businessman.,Three ships had been built by last .,练习,8. We shall build several big modern p

13、ower plants in our city next year. _9. The workers are repairing the main building of the school _.,Several big modern power plants shallbe built in our city next year.,The main building of the school is beingrepaired by the workers.,练习,10. The teacher will mark the students homework tonight. _11. S

14、omebody had cleaned my shoes. _,The students homework will be markedby the teacher tonight.,My shoes had been cleaned by some.,四、其它用法 ,1. 带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态 时，通常是把_(指_ )变 为被动语态的主语，而把_ (指_)保留下来(称为保留宾语)： He answered me that question. _,带双宾语的动词,I was answered that question by him.,间接宾语,人,直接宾语,事物,四、其它用法

15、, 有的动词则通常把_宾语(指事物) 变为被动语态的主语，而把_宾语 改为介词to 或for引起的状语 (到底用to 还是for与所搭配的动词有关)： He wrote her a letter. _. (与动词write搭配用介词_) She made him a new coat. _. (与动词make搭配用介词_),直接宾语,间接,A letter was written to her.,to,A new coat was made for him.,for,带双宾语的动词,四、其它用法 ,带双宾语的动词, 有时以上两种方式均可用： He gave her some money. _.

16、 _. He bought her a watch. _. _.,She was given some money.,Some money was given to him.,A watch was bought for her.,She was bought a watch.,四、其它用法 ,带双宾语的动词, 练习 1. He showed me his pictures. _. _. 2. Aunt made me a new dress. _. _. 3. He sent me a birthday present. _. _.,I was shown his pictures by h

17、im.,His pictures were shown to me by him.,I was made a new dress by aunt.,A new dress was made for me by aunt.,I was sent a birthday present by him.,A birthday present was sent to me by him.,四、其它用法 ,含复合宾语的动词, 2含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。,（1）将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。如： They call her XiaoLi. _ He left the door open. _,She i

18、s called XiaoLi.,The door war left open by him.,四、其它用法 ,含复合宾语的动词, 2含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。,（2） make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice, help等动词后接不定式做宾补一般 不加to，但变为被动时，必须加to。如： My brother often made me do this and that when I was young. _ when I young. I heard her move about in her room upstairs last

19、 night. _ last night. Did you see Jack take away the magazine? _?,I was often made to do this and that by my .,She was heard to move about in ,Was Jack seen to take away the magazine,四、其它用法 ,动词短语的被动语态,一般来讲，只有_才有被动语态，因为只有vt. 才能有动作的承受者; 但有许多由_+_及其他词类构成的短语动词，相当与及物动词，可以有宾语。因而可以有被动语态，但应注意动词短语是一个不可分割的整体。变

20、被动时，不可丢掉构成短语的_或_这样的短语有：look after, listen to, look at, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to, make use of, etc.如：,及物动词,不及物动词,介词,介词,副词,四、其它用法 ,动词短语的被动语态, They had put out the fire before the fire-brigade arrived. _ They will set up a new public school here. _,The fire had been put out befor

21、e the fire-brigade arrived.,A new public school will be set up here.,四、其它用法,4. 许多动词如_, _, _, _, 既可以用做_,也可以在被 动语态结构中做_。句中如果 有介词_，通常是被动语态。如：,worried,broken,interested,shut,adj.,过去分词,by,I was worried about you all night. (表_)I was worried by mosquitoes all night. (表_)The glass was broken by Jack. (表_)T

22、he glass is broken. (表_ )I was frightened by his ghost story. (表_ )She was frightened at the sight of a snake. (表_ ),状态,状态,动作,动作,动作,状态,四、其它用法 ,5. 主动形式表被动,主动形式表被动, 一些表示感受、感官的连系动词如： look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等主 语是物时，可用主动表被动： 这座建筑看上去很美. _ 她的声音听起来非常甜美. _,The building looks very beautiful.,Her voic

23、e sounded quite sweet.,四、其它用法 ,5. 主动形式表被动,主动形式表被动, 一些表示感受、感官的连系动词如： look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等主 语是物时，可用主动表被动： 这座建筑看上去很美. _ 她的声音听起来非常甜美. _,The building looks very beautiful.,Her voice sounded quite sweet.,四、其它用法 ,5. 主动形式表被动,主动形式表被动, 一些vi主动形式表被动含义open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash,

24、 clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc. 这书卖得好。 _ 这门不能开。 _,The books sells well.,The door cant open.,四、其它用法 ,主动形式表被动, 不定式be to blame (for sth.) (应该受责 备, 对某坏事应负责任 ), be to let（出租） 作表语时，主动形式表被动含义。, 他该受到责备。 _ 哪位司机要对这次事故负责？ _,Which driver was to blame for the accident?,He

25、is to blame.,四、其它用法 ,主动形式表被动, 表（sth.）需要的need ,want, require等 后的v-ing 用主动形式表被动含义。 这房间需要清洁。 _,The room needs/wants/requires cleaning., beworth后的v-ing主动形式表被动含义。 这本书值得读。 _,The book is worth reading.,四、其它用法 ,主动句中的宾语是从句,6. 主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使 用形式替代词 it.如： We know that Britain is an island country. _ The te

26、acher said that this book has been translated into several languages. _,Its known that Britain is an island country.,Its said that this book has been translated into several languages,四、其它用法,7. 谓语动词是以下时，无被动。如： happen, belong to, suit, fit(适合), have, let, join, fall, last（延长）,cost（花费） break out（爆发）ap

27、pear, lack（缺乏）， hold(容纳)， burst out(迸发)， agree with（同意）。,牢房里发生斗殴。_,Fighting broke out in the prison cells.,四、其它用法,8. 在一些固句型中常用被动语态结构如： It is said that 据说，人们说 It is reported that 据报道 It is hoped that 人们希望 It is well known that 众所周知 It is believed that 人们相信 It must be admitted that 必须承认 It must be poi

28、nted that 必须指出的是,一般人都相信健康重于财富。,It is believed that health is above wealth.,五、练习,1. Our English teacher often uses a tape -recorder in teaching English. _2. The villagers gave the foreign guests warm welcome. _3. They heard someone singing in the next room. _,A tape-recorder is often used (by our Eng

29、lish teacher) in teaching English.,The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.,Someone was heard singing in the next.,五、练习,4. The trees should be watered every day. _5. We must take good care of the children. _6. The firefighters have put out the big fire. _,We should water the trees every day.,The children must be taken good care of .,The big fire has been put out .,五、练习,7. 这房子属于我。 _8. 这音乐听起来很悦耳。 _9. 这种笔在那个国家很好销。 _,This room belongs to me.,This music sounds sweet.,This pen sells well in that country.,