第三章介孔分子筛ppt课件.ppt
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1、1,介孔分子筛Mesoporous Materials,2,介绍几篇参考文献,1、MCM-41中孔分子筛研究进展, 石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27,126;2、介孔分子筛研究新进展 化学研究与应用,2004,16,601;3、用表面活性剂合成介孔分子筛的新进展 精细石油化工,2004,(5),61;,3,4、From Microporous to Mesoporous Molecular Sieve Materials and Their Use in Catalysis Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 2373-2419 Avelino Corma,4,5、 Advan
2、ces in Microporous and Mesoporous Solids Highlights of Recent Progress Advanced Materials,2003,15,763;6、Ordered Mesostructured Materials with Optical Functionality Chem.Phys.Chem,2000,1,89;7、Advances in Mesoporous Molecular Sieve MCM-41 Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1996, 35, 2075-20908、A review of zeolite-l
3、ike porous materialsMicroporous and Mesoporous Materials 37 (2000) 243252,5,1、什么是介孔分子筛?,国际纯粹和应用化学协会(IUPAC)的定义:介孔材料就是孔径在 2-50 nm 的材料,介孔就是介于微孔和大孔之间。,6,2nm,2-50nm,7,8,1992 年,Mobil 的科学家们(Kresge等) 制备出孔道均匀、孔径可调的介孔M41S,该材料包括: MCM-41; MCM48; MCM-50;MCM 为 Mobil 公司合成的孔材料的系列名称,Mobil Composite of Matter,9,molec
4、ular sieves science and technologySynthesis Vol.1 1998Springer The Synthesis and Properties of M41S and Related Mesoporous MaterialsC.T.Kresge,10,11,MCM-41,MCM41 exhibits an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) containing three or more low angle peaks (below 10 2) that can be indexed to an hexagonal hk0
5、lattice This particular sample has a unit cell of approximately 46 ,12,透射电镜 transmission electron micrograph (TEM) the uniform honey-comb like structure with a repeat of approximately 50 ,Lattice Image,MCM-41,13,Possible Structure,MCM-41属于六方相含有规则的二维孔道阵列,MCM-41,用不同尺寸的表面活性剂分子作为模板剂,孔道的尺寸可在1.5-10nm之间变化,
6、14,15,16,MCM-48,The X-ray diffraction pattern consists of several peaks that can be assigned to the Ia3d space group.,17,MCM-48,18,MCM-48,The structure of MCM48 has been proposed to be bicontinuous with a simplified representation of two infinite three-dimensional,mutually intertwined, unconnected n
7、etworks of rods as initially proposed by Luzzatti,19,20,MCM-50,21,MCM-50,22,MCM-50,23,24,25,26,27,2、介孔分子筛分类,28,The M41S familyhexagonal unit cell MCM41 (two dimensional, p6m), cubic structures MCM48 (three dimensional, Ia3d) lamellar structures MCM50 which is a post-stabilized lamellar material.,29,
8、FSM-16 :Yanagisawa等和 Inagaki等使用与M41S家族相同的模板剂 用层状kanimite 为原料制备与 MCM-41 结构相似 FSM代表Folded Sheets Mesoporous Material,30,HMS 和MSU,1995 年,Pinnavaia 在中性条件下,以伯胺为模板剂,依靠氢键相互作用,合成出规则孔道,孔壁较厚的 HMS ;用可生物降解的非离子表面活性剂为模板剂,在中性条件下,合成了 MSU HMS 代表 Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica ;MSU 代表 Michigan State University material,
9、31,突破了只依靠正负电荷的相互作用合成介孔分子筛的方法,把氢键作用的思维引入到介孔分子筛合成使介孔分子筛的合成思路得到拓宽。,32,SBA-1,SBA-2, SBA-3,霍启升用双子铵类双亲性物资为模板剂,在强酸性体系中合成出 SBA-1,SBA-2, SBA-3 hexagonal unit cellSBA2 (three dimensional, p63/mmc), SBA3 (two dimensional p6m structure similar to MCM41 but synthesized in an acid media;cubic structuresSBA1 (Pm3n
10、); 分子筛的有序度要好很多,骨架上具有笼型结构 SBA 代表 University of California, Santa Barbara,33,SBA-15介孔分子筛,Stuky 、赵东元等以三嵌段高分子聚合物(PEO-PPO-PEO)为模板剂,在强酸体系下合成,高度有序、大孔间距、纯硅二维六方孔道,34,3、介孔分子筛的合成及机理,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,介孔孔径可以在550 nm 范围内变化,且孔壁较厚(典型的在3 到9 nm) ,该材料具有更高的热和水热稳定性。其中的模板剂可通过焙烧或溶剂萃取脱除,且焙烧温度要比MCM-41 低得多,42,合成机理,43,Beck
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