英语代词 ppt课件.ppt

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1、代词,代词,人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,疑问代词,主格,宾格,形容词性,名词性,不定代词,this that these those,who whom whose what which,普通不定代词复合不定代词,一 人称代词,1.人称代词主格和宾格,I,me,you,you,hesheit,himherit,we,us,you,they,them,you,数,人称,格,2.人称代词的用法,（1.）人称代词主格在句子中充当主语。 I am studying English now. We love our school.,（2）人称代词的宾格在句子充当动词、介词的宾语或表语 Can

2、you help me? We are waiting for them. Our teacher will have supper with us.介宾 Who is there? Its me.,动宾,介宾,介宾,表语,3. 人称代词的语序。几个人称代词并列或充当主语时，它们的顺序是：单数形式：（二.三.一.）you, he and I复数形式：（一.二.三.）we, you and they,Wheres Mrs Li taking Polly and Mickey?Shes taking_across the street. A.them B.us C.you D.it,A 用“the

3、m”代替问句中提到的 Polly和 Michey，故选A。,二 物主代词,数,人称,名称,形容词性,名词性,your,yours,mine,my,hisherits,hishersits,our,ours,your,yours,their,theirs,1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,2.形容词性物主代词在句子中作定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。,His parents are both office wokers.My name is Ella.,3.名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已经提及的名词重复。相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。,My idea is quite dif

4、ferent from hers.,4.名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格。”表示带有部分概念或有一定色彩。,He is a friend of mine.,Where is my pen?Have you seen_?Oh,sorry.I have taken_ by mistake. A.it;yours B.them;his C.it;mine D.them;hers,A 第一个空处应该代指前文的my pen,要用it ;第二个空应该代指“你的钢笔”，所以要用名词性物主代词yours。故选A,1.反身代词的单复数形式,数,人 称,中英文,yourself,our

5、selves,yourselves,themselves,三 反身代词,2.反身代词的用法,I hope you can yourselves at the party.（作宾语）The children made model planes thenselves.（作同位语）Please help yourself to some drink.（作宾语）,3.反身代词的常用词组,by oneself for oneselfcall oneself teach oneselfhelp oneself speak to oneselflose oneself enjoy oneself,亲自,为自

6、己,称自己,自学,随便吃,自言自语,say to oneself 自言自语,迷路,玩的愉快,Is this model plane yours,Susan?Yes, its mine , Its made by_. A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself,A 由上句中的its mine 可知是“我做的”。,四 指示代词,1.指示代词(this,that, these,those),Is that your motorcycle?Are those cars expensive?,No, it isnt.,Yes, they are.,2.打电话时用thi

7、s介绍自己，用that询问对方。 this- I that- you Is that Li ping speaking?This is Ming ming speaking.,1、疑问代词疑问代词主要有：who谁(主格) whom谁（宾格）whose谁的（属格） what 什么（人、物） which哪一个、哪些（人、物）,2、疑问代词用法（1） who whom 的用法 who只能指人，常作主语和表语，只有名词性质。在非正式英语和口语中，who可以替代whom，但介词后面要用whom；whom也指人，常作宾语，也只有名词性质。,Who did this?(主语)Who is it?（表语）Wh

8、o do you like best?（口语）Whom do you like best?（较正式）With whom did you ?,（2） whose 的用法whose和物主代词一样，具有名词和形容词性质，可作主语、表语和定语。Whose is better?/ Whose are better?Whose shirt is this ?Whose is this ?,（3）. what 的用法 what表示“什么（人或物）”，可做单数和复数，具有名词和形容词性质，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 What happened?(主语) What are you doing?（宾语） Wha

9、t is happiness?（表语） What question do you want to ask?（定语）,（4）、 which 的用法 which表示“在一定范围内的哪一个（哪一些）人和物”，可用作单数和复数，具有名词和形容词的性质，用作主语、定语、宾语等。如： Which are yours ?/ Which is yours?(主语) Which do you perfer?（宾语） Which language is the most widely spoken in the world? （定语）,疑问代词的用法比较（1）who与what的区别：who多用来问姓名、关系等，w

10、hat多用来问职业、地位等。如： What is he ?-He is a director. (2)which 和who,what的区别：who， what用来泛指，而 which是特指，表示“在一定范围内的哪个或哪些人，事物”。如： Who is Tom?（泛指） Which is Tom? （特指） What sport do you like best?（不限制范围）,五 普通不定代词及复合不定代词,1.常用普通不定代词some any many mucheach everyfew littleeither neither both allnone one other,2.普通不定代词

11、的用法,some anysome any均表示一些，即可修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，若要表示说话的人想要得到肯定地回答或表示建议请求时用some。,many muchmany修饰可数名词复数，还可以与表示程度的副词so too as how 连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词so too as how连用。,every eacheach和every都表示每一个。each强调个体，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。every强调整体情况，修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可以用来指

12、两个或两个以上的人和事物，而every只可一指三个或三个以上的人或事物。,few a few little a little,either neithereither指两者中的任何一个，neither指两人或物中的一个也不。常构成固定搭配，eitherneither of +名（代）词的复数+谓语动词，当either.or和neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词应遵循就近原则。,both allboth表示两者都，常与and连用。对应的词为either all指三者或三者以上的都。对应的词为none,none one,none (1)（与of连用）毫无/决不, 毫不 (2) 没有一个

13、，无一 none 后面不能直接跟名词，它可以单独使用。 常用：have none of 不参加；不允许；不接受 none too 不太；一点也不 one 可以指人、指物。在句中可作主语、宾语和定语；可以用来代替前面出现过的可数名词，并不特指（如特指需加限定词the,this.）;one前面可用the,this,that,which等词修饰；数词one指数字一。,other anotheranother=an other 别的，另一个，泛指众多中一个，一般后面接单数名词，前面不能加定冠词。other 前有定冠词the时表示两个中的一个，常于one 连用，即“one the other”。othe

14、r+名词相当于 others,意为“别的”；the other +名词相当于the others,意为“其余的”，同时也相当于the rest. 比较：another是许多中的另外一个；the other是指两个或两部分中的另外一个。,Somebody 某人 Someone 某人 Something 某物，某事Anybody 任何人 Anyone 任何人 Anything 任何事物 Nobody 没有人 No one 没有人 Nothing 没有东西Everybody 每人 Everyone 每人 Everything 一切,复合不定代词,注意：1.当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词时，其反义疑

15、问句的主语通常用代词they。当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词时，其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词it。,2.当形容词else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或者else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。,Do you like the pop star Zhou Jielun or the movie star Liu Dehua?_.I am not their fan.A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.All,C both两者都； either表示选择，两者中任何一个； neither两者都不； all三者或三者以上都。根据句意应选C。,六 代词it的用法,1.指代前面提到过的事

16、物。2.用来代替指示代词this或者that。3.指婴儿或者不明身份的人。4.指时间或季节。5.指天气。6.表距离。,7.用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中。（1）Its+adj+for sb to do sth（2）Its time to do forthat （3）It seems that.（4）Its ones turn to do （5）Its+adj+that从句.8.作形式宾语。,不定代词,one ., the other (one) .one ., another (one) ., (the other)some/five ., the others (ones) .some .,

17、 others (ones) .the rest (of sth./sb.) ,Both of them are here.Neither of them is here.Either of them is here.All of them are here.None of them are (is) here.,either side=both sideseither end=both endsnot all=somenot every=somenot both=either,比较,both sides of the road 路的两边either side of the road 路的两边

18、each side of the road 路的每一边all sides of the square 广场的四周every side of the square 广场的每 一边,any boy= any of the boys any other boy= any of the other boys anyone else = any of the others,I bought a new book.Would you like to read it?No,thanks.Im going to buy_. A.it B.one C.this D.that,B 此题主要考查it/one/tha

19、t的区别，此处表同类不同物。故选B,1.George reads the newspaper every morning.Thats_habit. A.he B.him C. his D.himself,C 设空处后为名词habit,故设空处应为形容词性物主代词。,2.Emma,can you introduce _ to Alice?I want to meet her. A.Him B.his C.me D.my,C由第二句可知是“我”想认识Alice,所以排除A、B、两项；D项是形容词性物主代词，表示“我的”，不符合题意；C项意为“我”，又是宾格。,3.She is new here ,

20、so we know _about her. A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything,A考查不定代词，根据句意可知A项为正确答案。,4.Is there any difference between your idea and_? A.he B.his C.she D.her,B 此题空白处需要一个名词性的物主代词来代替“ones idea”。而A项和C项为人称代词；D项既是人称代词宾格又是形容词性物主代词，都不合适。,5.Sam looks like his Dad.They are_tall. A.either B.any C.all D

21、.both,D 上句中提到了Sam和他的父亲，they指代这两个人，所以both（两者都）正确。,6.Look at the photo.The girl beside_ is Nancy. A.I B.my C.me D.mine,C介词beside后用代词的宾格形式。,I tried several jackets on,but _of them looked good. A.both B.either C.none D.neither,C题中several表示“几个”，“一个也没有”应为none,8.My aunt has two children.But_of them lives w

22、ith her. A.each B.neither C.either D.both,B 根据题意two children 表示两者，四个选项都可以表示两者。each表示“两者或两者以上中的每一个”；both表示肯定“两者都”； either表示“两者中任何一个”，句中but具有转折意义，应该选含有否定意义的词 neither。,9. Im talking to you, Jack.Please listen to_carefully. A. me B.mine C.you D.yours,A根据前一句中的Im talking to you可知是让Jack认真听“我”说，应该用me，故选A， m

23、ine意为“ 我的”,10. I knocked on the door but _answered. A. somebody B. nobody C.anybody D.ererybody,B 考查不定代词。根据题干中的but 可知前后是转折关系。,11.Is this _ruler? No._is over there A.her;Her B.her;Hers C.hers;Hers D.hers;Her,B ruler前要用形容词性物主代词修饰，故排除C和D两项；第二设空处在句中作主语，要用名词性物主代词。,12. Please send _best wishes to Mary. A.

24、I B.me C.my D.mine,C设空处后面为名词（best wishes）,故设空处需用形容词性物主代词作定语，故选my。,13. _may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best. A.Somegody B.Everybody C.Nobody D.None,B somebody某人；everybody每个人，所有人； nobody没有人； none三者或三者以上都不。根据句意选择代词 everybody。,14. Im hungry.Is there any bread in the fridge? _,but we

25、have cakes.Would you like to have one?A.Some B.Much C.None D.Nothing,C some一些； much很多； none没有； nothing什么东西都没有。选C,15. Where did you go for your winter vacation? My family went to Paris ._had a great time. A.He B.She C. We D.They,C 由My family 可知，答语中第二句的主语应是we,16. May I have a talk with you,sir?Ive got

26、_important to tell you. A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything,C nothing没什么事；anything一些事、任何事；something某事； everything每件事。根据句意应选something（指的是某件事情）。,17.The book might be my sisters. Hemingway is _favorite author. A.his B.her C.my,B由句意可知，书是“我姐姐”的，所以应用her,18. I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by

27、R.Kelly.This song tells us that believing in_is very important. A.themselves B.ourselves C.itself,B 根据题干中的us,答案为B项，believe in oneself相信自己,19. Whats wrong with my son, doctor? _serious.Just a slight cold. A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing D. Everything,C 根据Just a slight cold可知应该是“没什么（严重）事情”，选C,20.The teachers in that school speak either English or French,or even_. Thats so cool! A.all B.both C.neither D.none,B 本空指的是英语和法语两种语言，故选B,