中考英语复习之冠词和数词ppt课件.ppt

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1、中考语法复习,冠 词,冠词考点及复习要点 冠词的考查以固定结构和习惯用语为主，结合考查一些基本规则。所以我们在复习中要注重教材中的语言点的整理，同时对下面的冠词规则也要引起重视。1、不定冠词的用法比较；2、定冠词的习惯用法；3、零冠词的用法；4、在习惯用语中冠词的用法。,冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。,一、不定冠词不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是“

2、一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。 1) 表示“一个”，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A. Mr. Ling is waiting for you.,2) 代表一类人或物。A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr. Smith is an engineer.3) 词组或成语。a little / a few / a lot / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / after a while / have a cold / have a try,不定冠词的用法考题点击1 The

3、 Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage. A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, a,D,考题点击2 Mrs. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for paintingshe has won two national prizes. （05浙江卷） Aa; a Ban; the Can; a Dthe; a,C,二、定冠词 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（

4、这）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine.把药吃了。,2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a house.Ive been to the house.3）指世上独一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth,4）与单数名词连用表示一类事物: 如：the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸； 或与形容词或分词连用，表一类人： the rich 富人; the living 生者。5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容 词only，ver

5、y， same等前面： I live on the second floor. Thats the very thing Ive looked for.,6）表示所有，相当于物主代词， 用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the arm.7）用在某些由普通名词构成的国 家名称、机关团体、阶级、等 专有名词前： the Peoples Republic of China the United States,8）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano.9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表 示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇),

6、10) 用在习惯用语中： in the day, in the morning； the day after tomorrow； the day before yesterday； the next morning； in the sky (field，country)； in the dark；in the rain； in the distance； in the end； in the middle (of)； by the way；go to the theatre,特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，乐器及习语。,定冠词的用法考题点击1 As a rule,

7、domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid _. A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours,A,考题点击2 On May 5, 2019, at _World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in mens doubles with _ score of 4: 1. A. a; a B. 不填; the C. a; 不填 D. the; a,D,考题点击3 This book tel

8、ls _ life story of John Smith, who left _ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. Athe; the Ba; the Cthe; 不填 Da; 不填,C,三、零冠词1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词： England，Mary2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事 物时，可不用定冠词； They are teachers.,3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不 加冠词； Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不 加冠词，当表

9、示特定的意思时，需 要加定冠词； Man cannot live without water.,5）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日 期、星期等表示时间的名词之 前，不加冠词； I go to school from Monday to Friday. 6）在称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词 前不加冠词； The guards took the American to General Lee.,7）在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动 的名称前，不加冠词： have breakfast，play chess 但如果三餐饭的名词前有形容词 修饰，则需要加冠词。 have a big breakfast,8）当b

10、y 与火车等交通工具连用，表示 一种方式时，中间无冠词； by bus，by train； 9）有些个体名词不用冠词；如： school，college，hospital，bed， class，town等个体名词，直接置于 介词后，表示该名词的深层含义； go to hospital 去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院 (并不一定去看病),10)不用冠词的序数词；a. 序数词前有物主代词 b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race.c. 在固定词组中 at first, first of all,下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；专有名词不可数，

11、学科球类三餐饭；复数名词表种类，两节星期月份前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。,零冠词的用法考题点击1 If you go by _ train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get _ fast one. Athe; the B不填；a Cthe; a D不填；不填,B,在由介词 by 加表示交通方式的名词短语中，不用冠词。但如果 by 不表示交通方式，而表示地理位置，就需要加冠词了。如：by sea 乘船；by the sea 在海边,考题点击2 It is often said that _ t

12、eachers have _ very easy life. A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the, 不填D. the, a,B,teachers 是复数名词，用来表示类属，不加冠词。只有在特定范围内的复数名词前才加冠词。“have a life”是一个习惯短语，表示“过着的生活”。,考题点击3 The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _wool used. A. the; the B. the;/ C. /; the D. /; /,B,sweater 的保暖性能取决于使用哪一种类型的羊

13、毛。the 加单数名词 sweater 表示一种类型；而羊毛是物质名词，表示类属的物质名词不加冠词。,不定冠词的位置考题点击1 _ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting,D,不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。但位于下列形容词之后： such，what，many，half，如： I have never seen such an animal. M

14、any a man is fit for the job.,考题点击2 We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush,D,当名词前的形容词被副词 as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后： It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. s

15、o short a time too long a distance,定冠词的位置考题点击1 He did it _ it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time,D,定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all， both，double，half，twice，three times等词之后，名词之前。 All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了。,综合训练一 Im sorry to hear

16、 your mother is in hospital / in the hospital with an illness.,综合训练一2. In Britain, children have to go to school / go to the school until theyre 16.,综合训练一3. Im a teacher at school / at the school on the corner.,综合训练一4. Hes got a lovely garden. Flowers / The flowers are really beautiful.,综合训练一5. Make

17、 sure you get to the airport in time / in the time for the flight.,综合训练一6. How many CDs have you got? -Only few / a few.,综合训练一7. Thats most / the most interesting news Ive heard for a long time.,综合训练一8. How long have Turners / the Turners lived here?,综合训练一9. Ying Zheng became king / the king when he

18、 was only 13.,综合训练一10. He was responsible for the building of Great Wall / the Great Wall of China.,综合训练二Last year during summer, Tony took a flight on _ small airplane. _people on the plane were from Beijing. They were going to visit their relatives in _ north of China, for _ Spring Festival. _ airplane went through _ clouds up into _ sky.,Tony could see _ lakes, cities and mountains. _ flight took _ hour.Afterwards (后来), Tony took _ photo of _ airplane. Even thoughit was only _ short flight, Tony says it was one of _ most interesting trips he has ever had.,Good-bye!,