神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件.ppt
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1、神经系统囊虫病的诊断与治疗,神经系统囊虫病的诊断与治疗,1 概述,From seizures to epilepsy and its substrates: neurocysticercosis. Epilepsia. 2013;54:783792.,1 概述囊虫病是人体感染猪带绦虫的幼虫、即囊虫或囊尾蚴,而引,2 流行病学,2 流行病学,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,随着移民的流动,欧洲和美国也出现了囊虫病的病例。,Neurocysticercosis in the United States. Review of an important emerging infection. Neur
2、ology 2004; 63:1559-1564,随着移民的流动,欧洲和美国也出现了囊虫病的病例。Neuroc,分布地区黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、山东、河南、河北、内蒙古、山西、,成虫:乳白色,扁长如带,前端较细,向后渐扁阔,分节,700-1000片,长3-5m。,3 病因,成虫:乳白色,扁长如带,前端较细,向后渐扁阔,分节,70,头节近球形,似小米粒,1mm,有4个吸盘、顶突、其上有小,成节近方形,每一成节具有生殖器官各一套。睾丸约1502,猪囊尾蚴俗称囊虫,如黄豆大小,为白色半透明的囊状物,囊内充满,生活史,人是终宿主、也可以是中间宿主。感染期:囊尾蚴或虫卵。感染途径,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗
3、课件,4 致病,感染方式,4 致病自体内感染自体外感染异体感染感染方式,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,囊尾蚴生活状态,Imaging of neurocysticercosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2012; 22:659-76,生存期此期从囊尾蚴到达所寄生的部位开始,一直到因某种原因被破,5 病理,5 病理囊虫在人体内寄生的部位以脑内最多,占6070。脑,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫活检标本PAS染色显示:脑实质炎性反应,角质细胞包绕炎性囊包;囊包内有一个猪肉绦虫的囊尾蚴:头节(S)
4、,充满液体的囊腔(B),N Engl J Med 2007, october 18: 357;16,神经系统囊虫活检标本 N Eng,显微照相示两个已死亡的半透明囊包,内层为嗜酸性物质,外层覆以清亮的液体和慢性炎性细胞,即中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞;可以清晰地看到继发于炎性反应的脑膜肥厚增生(HE染色,600),显微照相示两个已死亡的半透明囊包,内层为嗜酸性物质,外层覆以,6 临床表现,Clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of neurocysticercosis. Lancet Neurol 2014; 13:1202-1215.,脑实质型以癫
5、痫为主要症状且对抗癫痫药有较好反应预后较好实质外,6.1 脑实质型囊虫病症状,6.1 脑实质型囊虫病症状痫性发作可为限局性发作、全面性,6.2 脑实质外型囊虫病症状:,6.2 脑实质外型囊虫病症状:多数患者表现为头痛或脑积水(高,6.3 脑室型,6.3 脑室型数目以单个孤立者较多,也有多个者体积较脑组织内,Schematic representation of the distribution of cysts in the study cohort among the CSF compartments. A, In the subarachnoid space, the posterior
6、fossa cisterns were involved in 86.1% of patients, the supratentorial basal cisterns in 52.8%, the Sylvian fissures in 41.7%, and the interhemispheric fissure in 13.9% of patients. B, Among the patients with cysts in the ventricles, 66.7% had cysts in the fourth ventricle, 46.7% in the lateral ventr
7、icles, and 26.7% in the third ventricle. NB: percentages are higher than 100% because a single patient could have more than one compromised site.,Clinical Symptoms, Imaging Features and Cyst Distribution in the Cerebrospinal FluidCompartments in Patients with Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis. PLO
8、S Neglected Tropical Diseases.November 9, 2016 1 / 14,Schematic representation of th,转归可附着于脑室壁或悬浮于脑脊液中,引起局部室管膜炎,室管膜,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,6.4 眼型,6.4 眼型见于眼的任何部位,如视网膜下、玻璃体、眼外肌和结,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,Transverse B-scan of the right eye
9、 shows a large intravitreal cyst (arrow) with a tiny hyperechoic scolex (arrowhead) within it.,Transverse B-scan of the right,6.5 皮肌型,寄生于肌肉和皮下组织。头、躯干多,四肢少。严重者肌肉肥大、疼,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病
10、的诊断和治疗课件,HRCT of the lungs shows multiple randomly distributed nodules (arrows) of varying sizes.,HRCT of the lungs shows multip,USG of the heart shows multiple cystic anechoic lesions (arrow) in the myocardium with a tiny hyperechoic scolex (arrowhead) within one of the cysts,USG of the heart shows
11、 multipl,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,T2W axial MRI of the lumbar spine shows cysticercus cysts in the extradural spinal space (arrow), in addition to muscle (arrowhead) and subcutaneous (curved arrow) involvement,T2W axial MRI of the lumbar sp,6.6 查体,高颅压综合征表现:视乳头水肿、腱反射亢进等。痫性发作,7 辅助检查,7 辅助检查腰穿颅压高、有噬酸性粒细胞,蛋白轻度增高。
12、病源,8 影像学检查,8.1 CT,8 影像学检查概况CT检查符合率达85,如为存活的囊虫,周,8.2 MRI,活动期T1加权像囊虫呈圆形低信号,头节呈点状或逗点状高信号。,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,神经系统囊虫病的诊断和治疗课件,脑囊虫病典型影像改变:MRI环形强化+CT钙化,Diagnostic criteria for neurocysticercosis, revisited Pathogens and Global He
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