英语连读练习ppt课件.ppt

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1、连读,辅元连读：当前面的单词以辅音结尾，紧随其后的单词以元音开头，这时将前面的辅音同后面的元音连在一起，像是构成一个音节一样的读出来，以使语言更具有流畅自然的特点。而且连读必须是发生在短语或句子的同一个意群中。在意群(及短语或从句)之间有停顿时，两个短语或两个从句间相邻的音不连读。一般来说有两种连读：在同一意群中的两个词，前者以辅音结尾，后者以元音开头，这两个音就可以连起来读，称为“连读”。相邻的两个词前一个以字母r结尾，后一个词以元音开始，辅音/r/可与后面的元音连读，这种连读叫 “r 连读”。,连读,Come in / work out / good idea / think of it

2、Speak English / first of all / not at all / all of us/ look at it / pick it up / put it on / let him in / best of all / back in a minute/ one of usThere are / our own / more over / for ever/After all / remember it / for instance /clear enough,连读,元元连读：元音对元音的连读实际上是在元音之间插入半元音j或w，从而使纯元音音节之间的过渡变得自然、流畅，读起

3、来更加上口。半元音插入的情况如下：I am / you are / she is / go out / too often Go on / try it / how old How are you doing?,叠合,叠合即前面单词结尾辅音与紧随其后的单词的起始辅音为同一个音时，只需读一次，而不必将这个音读两次。这种情形常发生在p b t d k g等辅音出现的时候。bad desk good day sad dog like candy deep pond take care black coffee bus station book case part time job keep pace

4、 big game,失去爆破,失去爆破：顾名思义，指爆破音失去爆破。发生的条件如下：当前面的单词以p b t d k g这六个爆破音中的任何一个结尾，而紧随其后的单词是以辅音开头的，这时前面单词中的爆破音失去爆破。读法是在发爆破音时只阻塞气流却不将之释放，说白了就是只作口型不发音。lap dog big shoeshot day just great sit down red chair cheap box a bad coldgood tea bad boy look good bad news,音节,1.音节的组成音节是读音的基本单位，任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗读的。在英语中元

5、音特别响亮，一个元音可构一个音节，一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。元音：I, a辅音+元音：she, bee, me元音+辅音：egg, ink, am辅音+元音+辅音：pig, swim, swift, split, sixths 此外， 还有一种特别的音节，其构成没有元音参与。辅音/l/和/n/是成音节辅音，前面加上另一个辅音，如/bl/, /dl/, /tl/, /tn/, /sl/ 即可以构成一个音节，如table, middle, bottle, pencil等。,音节,2. 开音节和闭音节绝对开音节是指在一个音节中，元音字母后没有辅音字母而构成的音节。如he,

6、be, so , do, no等相对开音节是指在一个音节中，元音字母后面是一个辅音字母（除r)，加不发音的e,构成的音节。如 lake, site, note等在重读开音节中，元音字母发本音。闭音节是指在一个音节中，元音字母和后面的一个或多个辅音字母（除r)构成的音节。如 big, map, stop在重读闭音节中，元音字母发相应短音，即：a /ae /, e /e/, i /i/, o /, u / / .如 cat, wet, wit, dog, but,音节,3.音节的划分英语的单词有一个音节的单音节词，两个音节的双音节词，以及三个音节以上的多音节词。单音节词：a, am, can双音节

7、词：a/gain, stu/dy, sis/ter, far.mer多音节词：si/tu/a/tion, in/for/ma/tion, ex/pen/sive元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。划分音节应以它的语音形式，而不是以书写形式为依据。,音节,两元音之间有一个辅音时，辅音字母归后一个音节，如na/tion, fa/vour, po/si/tion, po/pu/lar有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一个音节，一个归后一个音节，如：mem/ber, sis/ter, en/ter不能拆分的字母组合，按字母组合划分音节，如：daugh/ter, fea/ther, lea/der

8、, wea/ther.,单词重音,1. 重读音节和非重读音节重读音节指在双音节或多音节中有一个发音特别响亮的音节，叫重读音节，用重音符号“ ”标于相应位置。其他音节为非重读音节。如ago /gu /2. 重读规则双音节名词和形容词的重音常常在第一个音节上。如；lucky, lazy, mother, farmer双音节词的重音也可以落在第二个音节上，一般是外来语，如法语词。如：hotel, machine, police双音节动词的重音常常在第二个音节上。如：forget, propose, advise, suggest.名词、动词拼法相同的双音节词：重音在前是名词，重音在后是动词。如：co

9、ntest, contrast, export, import, increase, object, record, survey, input,单词重音,三音节词的重音一般落在第一音节，如：family, company, summary, government有些音节的重音落在第二音节，如：adventure, survival, sufficient, suspicion带有-tion, -ian, -ous, -ence, -ient,-ure等后缀的三音节词，重音一般在倒数第二个音节上。如：profession, condition, situation, musician, con

10、tagious, experience, sufficient, adventrue,单词重音,多音节词为四个或四个以上音节的词。重音一般在倒数第三个音节上。如： anniversary, impossibility, international, photography.复合词是有两个词合成的。名词+名词：basketball passport handbag coffee shop; New York United States Los Angles New Zealand形/动+名：blackbird blackboard shortcut highway flashlight 动词性复

11、合词：overwork outplay outgrow understand,弱读与略读,语法性虚词是被弱读的对象，实词很少被弱读。而语法词在英语中的大量运用，使弱读和略读现象在口语会话中极为普遍。,语调,降调降调的读法对于中国学生来说比较容易掌握。只要把握住句子的重音即可。使用降调的句子一般有陈述句、特殊疑问句和祈使句。,语调,陈述句一般用降调，声音从一个中等的水平起始，然后在句子重音这个点上声音抬高，力度加大，最后渐渐降落。I am Mary Smith. I said to do it. He wants some chicken. Life is wonderful. He doesn

12、t work part-time. Jenny enjoyed herself by traveling a lot. These places are the best ones in America. I think Peter has been working too hard. Television plays an educational role in our daily life.,语调,如果句子的重音出现在最后一个音节上，声音从一个较高的点上渐渐滑落。Shes going home. Mary and I are in Class One. My name is Bill. T

13、his is our desk. We should plant more trees and avoid cutting them down. People have to walk in the sun along the streets.,语调,如果重音不在最后一个音节上，声音直接落下来。Examples：Ill call the doctor. There are several factors. She bought an umbrella. The air in the city is very dirty. Cars are most likely to substitute b

14、icycles in the future.Your efforts and self-confidence would prove to be fruitful.Money cant buy anything.,语调,并列成串的词的语调and前升，and后降apples, bananas, and oranges speak, read, and write pen, paper, and inkTV, radio, and refrigerator classroom, library, and office solid, liquid, and gas,语调,升调：很多中国同学升调读不准

15、，或发音古怪，根本原因在于没有将重音读准，句子的升调应该从句子重音这个点上把调拔起来，而不是随意一升，或从后面的单词上升起来的。,语调,一般疑问句需要用一个 yes 或no 回答，这类问句一般用升调。Do you speak English? Are you a student? Does he speak nglish?Did you study Frnch?Is the cat playing with a bll?Did you live in Frnce?Are the boys aslep?,语调,陈述句的升调语气注意一般情况下陈述句是用降调的，只有在下面所列举的特殊情况下，才会用升

16、调。使用升调的情况当使用升调来读一个陈述句语序的句子时，往往表示惊讶或存疑。陈述存疑Hes coming.Hes coming?She knows him.She knows him?They didnt want to come.They didnt want to come?陈述惊讶Hes forty-two.Hes forty-two? (I cant believe it! He doesnt look that old.)Thats his wife.Thats his wife? (I cant believe that woman is his wife. Im very sur

17、prised.),语调,特殊疑问句的升调语气特殊疑问句的升调语气是用来使对话方重复其所讲的话，因此不能随便乱用。使用升调的情况特殊疑问句一般用降调，其功能是用来索取信息。Whats her name?Where does she live? Marie.In Paris.,语调,有时对话一方没有听清或不明白另一方的话时，需要对方重复所讲的话，这时可用升调来问 “What did you say?”或仅用 “What?”即可。Our sons a doctor.Im going swimming.What did you say?What?I said our sons a doctor.I said Im going swimming.,语调,有时问话一方没听清，或不明白对方对所问问题的回答时，问话方可用升调重复刚刚所问问题，或只用升调重复疑问词即可。Where does your daughter live?When are you leaving?Shes living in Baltimore.Next week.Where does she live?When?In Baltimore.Next week.,