英语词根词缀学习ppt课件.ppt

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1、2016 恋练有词 词根词缀大串讲,恋练有词,LECTURE NOTE:Arrangement,Methods词根，词缀 *词汇的辨析*江湖记忆法,AFTER-CLASS WORK:REPETITION!,5,A Demo Word to Start: unparalleled,Para= 部分，偏,llel, lel, level= 线条,-ed(adj)=没有意思,Paralympics,词根=256后缀=10,单词构成,1. Prefix：（情感+方向）,2. Root:（本源 = substance）,submarine,“老茧” 怎么说？,= callus,3.1. Suffix （

2、词性）,-ive= 抽象adj.(=n.: rich; poor; preservative ),-ity: 抽象n.personality productivity),-ate= 厚道之人(intimateintimacy),-or /-er = 主动方的人initiative,-ian= 在某方面执着并有兴趣的人(politician statesman),-ist= 专家physicist;specialist,-ee=被动方的人（passive）(employee; refugee),-al= 专业人士professional,3.2. Suffix：（词性）,原则一：顺序改变，意思不

3、变,mature (n.) amateur (n.),原则二:元音替换，意思不变(a, e, i, o, u, y),symmetry (n.) =相称 sym=same=sem metry=meterthermometer,symmetry asymmetrysymmetric asymmetric,原则三:发音相近，意思也相近,dialogue= dia对面 + log(说话=loq=log),diagnose=诊断eloquence = e(e=ex=out) + loq,uphold (v.)upsurge surgeuproar roar 咆哮，大声疾呼= riot / distur

4、bance,前缀-Prefix (向上)： up-: ,sustain (v.) 持续，坚持 obtain tain=stay/catchobtain ones approvaldetainwith the sustainable development ofgeilivable: 给力的,maintain: a.=维修 b.=维持 c.=主张=set forth 养家糊口= a family = make both ends meet,ends: income expenditure/expenseoutcome=结果，结局Disastrous outcomes/consequencesbr

5、eadwinner=持家者Who wins the bread in this family?汽车保养=vehicle-maintenance,superficial (a)表面的，肤浅的superior (a/n)inferior (a/n) 下属；下等的superiority inferiority,on-line surfing (f与飞有关)sufficient (a) sufficiency (n.) suffice sb. in .deficient insufficientefficient energe-efficient house,a: 上; 重叠 overlap (v.)

6、 重叠 lap lapse collapse eclipseoverlook (v.) 忽视supervision (n.) 监督,b: 过 (Bite off more than one can chew.)over-sensitiveover-insistence 忍，坚持偏执“Only Paranoia Survive” overwhelm (v.) 淹没 drown=sink oblivion 湮没The flood overwhelmed the whole village.An overwhelming number of ,immerse=浸在； 沉浸在-merse (v.) 沉

7、在 be immersed in sth. abandon oneself to grief/pleasureM&A： Merger and Acquisitionacquire acquisitive (a.) 贪婪的merse=merge=吞并: M&Asubmerge: sub=下面be submerged in . = be engaged in .saturate=饱和 satisfy,immerse immense 巨大的 vast/enormous tremendous,Over = overawe (v.): awe=敬畏awful awesome威慑 overcome=克服(

8、你是弱者)conquer=征服(你是强者),hypersensitive (a) skinhypercritical (a): hypocriticalcritic vs. critiquecritic: skeptic= 怀疑论者 skeptical: be of 对什么表示怀疑critical 至关重要的It is that,groundbreaking (a.) 奠基的,根本的* 意义重大的，重要的： signal / striking / crucial / vital / substantial / underlyinggrub (v.) 挖掘 up / out 寻找，挖掘出,hyp

9、ocritical 虚伪 hypocrisy (n.) hypocrite*hypothesis (n.) 假设，前提 thesisUnder the of hypothetical 以什么为前提的*Hypothetically, 在这样的前提之下（作文好词）hypnosis (n.) 催眠hypnotic (n/a) 催眠的 therapist,malicebe malicious to = be hostile tohostility 敌意（主人不好客） hostage hospitality hospitalize maltreat (v.) 虐待 abuse,mistreat = ma

10、ltreat (v.)mislead (v.)misunderstanding (n.)misjudgment (n.),mis- : ,the: 定-ism: 主义，信仰， 制度，精神theism有神论 atheism无神论,a-:,screw (n.) 螺丝; 螺丝钉的精神You screw (mess, fuck) up the whole thing! fuss (n./v.) 大惊小怪make a fuss over / of 对特别在意;大惊小怪scrupulous 认真的，勤勤恳恳的,un-:,unscrupulous 马虎的; 死不要脸的;寡廉鲜耻的scrutinize (v.

11、) 仔细审查scrutiny (n.),unconscious=无意识的 subconscious submit subtitle subtle unfeasible=不能实施的 ease-轻松，悠闲undergo=经历 experienceUndertake承担创业 innovative undertakingset/build up ones own business,fold (n./v.) unfold 打开,表明veil (n.) unveil 揭幕，表明leash unleashWhy do you unleash all of your fuels on me?,un- + n.

12、 v.,un-, in-c, dis-表否定时 有规律吗？,a: 在什么的里面 （当后面跟着的部分并非是独立单词时）inanity (n.): 一个人在家里空虚 vanity 虚荣 va- vacant vacancy a vacant parking placeb: 向下（当是独立单词时）invalidity; invalid (a): 无用的,无效的(药)inconvenient,immune be to mu- mutual win-win mutual benefits Prison Break II: Sara: He is to females=gay. immunity=免疫力i

13、mmunology=免疫学免疫学家=immunologist,豁免，免除 exempt外交官享有外交豁免权 diplomacy exemption,dipl=dupl=dub=doublediplomat=外交家=双面人 A is someone who can tell you to go straight to the hell, and that you actually look forward to a trip.diploma certificate (certify)duplicate: (v)=复制；(n)=一式两份,mort: 摩的死亡mortal=死亡的immortalit

14、y=永垂不朽immortal董存瑞 immortalnot dead,mortgage：gage (n./v.)=抵押 engage=订婚 engagement=婚约 be engaged to sb.=与某人订婚 be engaged to do sth private detective,sb. be engaged in doingengage oneself in . 全身心投入做某事=be committed to doing sth.=commit oneself to doing sth.=dedicate / devote (the same as commit)commit

15、suicide in the name of slavery to commit many inhuman acts （Aristotle）,dispense (v.)= ?expenditure; expense (n.) 开销?dispense 分配；拨款Be dispensed from indispensable 必不可少的compensate (v.)= ?pens=钱把钱全部给你 赔偿 for your loss of .,*distribute (v.) = ?tribute:贡品；献礼；赞美 pay tribute to 推崇 praise/commendcontribute:

16、 共献=贡献?distribute 分配，分销distributor/distribution 分销商outlet 奥特莱斯： 分店，精品折扣店 retail wholesale （merchant）,dissatisfaction (n.) 不满意discontent 不满足 contenteddispute: disputable* reputation fame在这样的前提下： all in all; in a word; Hypothetically, we may firmly arrive at an indisputable conclusion that,enlighten =

17、 ? sb. on sth.encounter = ? counterpartWeve encountered some turbulence, please keep your seatbelt fastened.encounter into / come across /coincide with (incident coincidence),counter en,假币: counterfeit currency deceive deceit deception conceive conceit self-conceitedencapsulate capsule -cap- -le/-le

18、tImplementation-capacity,a: 否定 impartial不偏不倚的， 公正的 objective/carefreeImpart(apprentice) impact impairimprudent 谨慎的马虎的 rude plightimpudent,b: =imm =ill =irr immobileillegal 不合法的(performance/conduct)illegitimate 不合法的（qualification）,分析：leg=lawdelegate = ?下面选出的厚道之人=代表legislate (v.)= ? 立法,b: =imm =ill =i

19、rr 合法继承人= ?a legitimate heir/successor(based on kinship / lineage)kin kindredirreplaceable: 不可取代的； 至关重要的 irreplaceably,embed (v.) 嵌入be embedded inembellish (v.) 美化，装饰embarrass =?在酒吧里像个驴,em-: 在什么里面,embarrassingan embarrassing situation 尴尬情况embarrassment (n.) 尴尬-ass harassment (n.) sexual harassharass

20、ed (a.) 骚扰的；心烦的,ambassador (n.) 大使am-爱 bass 贝斯，重音 embassy (n.) 大使馆 disturbance (n.) 心烦意乱OSH: office sexual harassment,aberrant (a) = ?err = error an errant boy 迷途少年 ?aberrant 变态的，不正常的 manners 不正常行径,ab-: off 剥离，抽离，分开,abolish (v.) 丢弃，废弃 pol 抛 polish （+law, regulations, conventions）abolish vs. eliminat

21、e diminish,ab-: off 剥离，抽离，分开,extinguisher 灭火器 extinguish extinct volcano 死火山extinction 生化危机第三部 quench: queen; squeeze( exploit ) 扑灭, 消灭, 毁灭abate (v.)= not eat 减弱，废掉,ab-: off 剥离，抽离，分开,abstract = ?trace=track=trail 痕迹，轨迹(n.); 跟踪(v.)trailer 预告片 ?abstract 摘要(n.);抽象的(a); 抽象化(v.)a concrete clue,ab-: off 剥

22、离，抽离，分开,abound = ?boundary 边界线（象棋楚河分界）?abound 使什么无边无界；充满； 到处存在 abound in 充满abundant 大量存在的 be abundant in,ab-: off 剥离，抽离，分开,bound (v./n.) =bounce弹跳 bind be bound up withbe bound to 有义务的,必须做的 = be destined to 命运注定的*destinys child: brown eyesbe doomed to 注定不好的事情*gloom *ODom,ab-: off 剥离，抽离，分开,Display ex

23、hibition exposition (expose)deforest 滥砍滥伐deforestation【mudslide 泥石流 landslide 土地流失 人流？personslide ? abortion,di-, de-, dis-: away ,dilemma = ? 难以抉择，进退两难 I am in a about whether to study abroad or to pursue knowledge in domestic atmosphere. domain (n.) dominate (v.) domestic violence domesticate be p

24、redominant in 占据 be preoccupied by /with 被提前占据,di-, de-, dis-: away ,a: =againreconsiderrestorerestoration renaissance R narcissism narcissisticrecommend : commend=夸奖 推荐 command recommendationreassure=确保，保证,recreation: 重新创造消遣, 娱乐amuse-amusemententertain(娱乐别人)招待，款待 entertainment=娱乐圈tain-获得;进来就得留下娱乐圈b

25、rokerrecharge = ? Rechargeablecharge sb. with,b: =back 撤，拆 retreat* = ? tyresrecall=召回 crisisrefuge: 避难(所)=shelter (交警的)安全岛 refugee (n.),Shellshield-lance freelanceShelter Shepherd dogHerd herb,repent: 后悔, 悔恨 +of pent=pens=money 要钱回来resent: 送出去的东西想要回来 怨恨, 仇恨, 愤怒 +sth.retract：tract=收缩 shrink shrimpco

26、ntraction inflation 收缩 contract inflate flatrepulsion: pul=pel=pull强迫, 拉 讨厌, 反感 =antipathy sympathy,reclaim (re= back): 开垦，拓荒claim ones rights of being informedreclaim land from sea 围海造田 forests from fields 退耕还林for=forward我主张：I set forth that foresee 预见 在可预见的未来: in the foreseeable future,re-: a/b,re

27、ar (n./v./a): 尾部, 后方, 汽车尾部 垫后=bring up the rearThere is a bird at/in the rear of your vehicle (v.)=抚养=raise =培养(人文), 培育=cultivate rear a child / raise an elder upnurture (nutrition) nourish (nourishment)make-up / cosmetic,revoke: re=back 收回, 否认 vok=voc=voice renounce + ones privilege/priority/preced

28、ence be prior to (walk)provoke=挑衅,激起,刺激 indignant indignity dignityProvocative (a./n.) 刺激性（的）,evoke：vok=voice =VOA 呼唤, 唤醒evocative=被唤起的, 被引起的*seduce; tempt; flirt（lust / porn);Induce 诱发 inducement 诱因，原因 ir=搅; tease (body；ease=easy); 脱衣舞=striptease,jog: a.=唤醒, 唤起=evoke b.=慢跑 jogging c.=轻推 jog ones me

29、mory about sth.jolt=颠簸,urge=促进,刺激,催促 urge sb. to do sth. urgent: be to do sth. keen ur=刺激; 马刺=spur (n./v.) It is imperative that impelimperative=急切的 impulse n.命令，必要的事 pulse,revolve=旋转（自转）rotate=旋转（围他转）evolve evolutionvolve=旋转 往外转-进化volume=卷；音量 sales turnovers chapter charter,evolution revolutionary

30、revolutionize = change vastly sth.involve sb./sth. in=卷进来involve=include; involving=includingresolve=解决，解析resolution=决心，解析度，分辨率resolute=有决心的，果断的,of-: = op- ob- offend (v.)offensive (a) weaponryoffense (n.) 进攻；冒犯defend (v.),*offset (v./n.): =抵消 rise up the price to offset the increasing costs.set off

31、 = set/be about doing sth.set out to do sth.=take offoutset - outcome,oppose 反对opponent (n.) 反对者counterpartvs. oppress 压迫 depression repressoppressed (a/n.) 被压迫者 ruler,op-: ,obstacle (n.)= ?分析：stack 捆一堆 a ofStake木桩，利害关系，股份be at stake = be in dangerpainstaking make efforts,ob-: ,oblige：ob=对立, 对面 obst

32、acle a.压迫, 迫使 sb. to do sth.obligation= liabilitybe liable to=倾向于做某事, 易于.be prone to (pro=向前)be apt to aptitude altitudebe subject(ed) to subject A to B(subjective, objective),b.=: I am much obliged to you for your kindness in giving me first aid after that unfortunate CRH crash. (深深)感激(来自内心强烈的呼唤)CR

33、H=Chinese Railway High-speed,be obsessed with分析：se a.= 色：seduce 不只是吸引 ; seductionvs. tempt 勾引 temptation【Blind Date相亲】 reality show“If You Are The One”,se b.=盯着看：observe (v.) 观察（第一步）perceive 领悟（第二步） （分析：per-: fully/through perfect）Perception insight insightfulbe obsessed with 被什么困扰 A lot of girls ar

34、e obsessed with their weight.,eclipse：a.=(日，月)食 solar lunarlapse (n)= lap大腿 lapse (v.)下降；(n.)瑕疵b.=没落；失势His family has been in .走向没落【红楼梦】,apocalypse: 天兆 the Day of Judgment1.symbol=象征, 征兆, 图腾2.emblem=(a sign of glory)徽章3.symptom=不好的标志=恶兆 Fever is a typical of many diseases.4.sign=标志 Peugeot=美洲狮=标致508

35、5.hallmark (n.) 质检证明；典型特征 (= characteristic),-lipse=-lapse=lypse,elapse: e=out 慢慢往下走慢慢消逝 Three years have d since we met with each other last time. (fly by / go by) collapse: 崩溃, 瓦解 dilapidated: 废弃的, 过时的, 抛弃的 desire=废弃欲望=乐队 elated: 迟到了出去玩得意洋洋的 elation,anti-human offense： （挪威奥斯陆）anti-cancer anti-body

36、anticipate (v.) 期望 = expect分析：-cipate = takeparticipate in = take part inemancipate：解放, 释放 spare liberate liberal liberation The invention of this machine can a lot of labors.,anti-: ,counterpart Counterbalance counterfeit currency: 伪造的(犯罪性质)词汇比较: fake-copycat-false-artificialfake: 赝品假花/绢花: fake flo

37、wercopycat: 山寨=“Shanzhai” cellphone /movie star,false:由于原物无法恢复而制造的替代品a false toothfabricate=伪造，制作 fable fancy fantasy fascinate show fancy to (be fond of) Be fascinated byartificial: 人工的 Intelligence 人工智能 gizmo robot automaticNineWall E,counter-: 假,顺时针 clockwise逆时针 counterclockwiseI got a counter-cl

38、ockwise life.(Im in a mess.),counter-: 反,祖先：ancestor = ? anc-arc 古 ?= primitive heraldherald a. (n.)=先驱 ；报信人；泄密者he her = 遗传，继承 heir inherit ancestor 祖先 primitive (n./a.) 先人 forerunner (n.) 先驱 b. (v.)=预示 prophet (n.) 预言家 phi- phil- 大爱，大智慧 philanthrope,pri- = pre- = pro-：,roceed (v.)：推进 在拍这部电影之前，他已经获得

39、了家属的同意。Before proceeding with the movie After shock, Director Feng has obtained the approval from the victims families.,recede (v.): 先于某人做某事 precede sb. in doing sth. (be prior to)I u in pursuing that girl, so you should quit.分析：cede=ced=ceed=cess=gress=ped -ade = go 走路, 向前走 precedence 优先 priority 优

40、先权,pri- = pre- = pro-：,recedent 先例这是一个史无前例的改变。 This is an unprecedented alternation/variation. （ a big change.）alter (alternate) alternativevary variable invariably permanent-cede,pri- = pre- = pro-：,accede: (ac- = to) accessGive sb. easy access to a.=继位，上任: accede to the throne b.=接纳: accede to sb.

41、 for sth. 因某事接纳某人,concede: 一起走开让步；迁就； 允许某人做某事；concession： a: 迁就 =compromise compromised group/company =调解公司;中间人，裁判官=arbitrator （lawyer、attorney） arc arbitrary (a) 武断的，独裁的 arbitrate,concede= tolerate (u just grin and bear it.一笑而过)tolerance = inclusiveness = generosity exclusive clubconcede sth. = adm

42、it sth.concede sth. to sb.赋予,授权= authorize sth./authorize sb. to do sth. = entitle sb. to sth.concession b.= 租界 (colonization),access (n.) 入口；接近 (v.) access to give sb. easy access to An overwhelming number of free video websites give youngsters easy access to porn info. . (Pornography Incident) acc

43、essible (a.) 可进入的,可行的,易亲近的 easy-going make this architecture accessible to the disabledfeasible (a.) 可行的, 行得通的 feasibility (n.) 可行性,-cess,accessory：天天跟在屁股后面 a.=附属的 auto accessories b.=从犯，帮凶 = complicitycomply with 遵守，听从=abide by=obey(obedient) =conform with/to=subject A to B= be subjected to=be subj

44、ect to=defer to deferential deference,-cess,adhere to 附着于，粘着；强力胶水adhesive (a/n.)adhesion黏合 cohesiona.=附属，粘b.=坚持 insist on (temporary/ disposable) persist in (chronic/permanent) stick to,adherent 追随者，信徒The of Buddhism = Buddhistfan=idealistic fanatical a.,coherent 一贯的，连续的cohesion - segregation (divis

45、ion)分析：-he. her: a.=粘； b.=继承，遗传inherit (v.) 继承 inheritationheir 继承人heredity (n.) 遗传（特征）,aggress 侵略aggressive (a) a.=咄咄逼人的b.=有上进心的 vs. 愤青的cynical (a) irony ironical,步行街? pedestrian street a.=徒步的 b.=呆板的，木讷的补充表达：非机动车道，辅道=sidewalk人行横道=pavement pave the way for,-ped：走,curb (n.) 边缘 (v.) 控制民间高人=curbside pr

46、ophet (grassroot)prophet: sb. who can predict future (Jason Mraz) cushion (Snooker)keep/put a curb on,-ped：走,encyclopedia (n.)=?分析：-ia = 通过； en- = in；-cyclo = cycle; ped=ped = 走通过它可以在全世界走一圈?=百科全书,-ped：走,rolong (v.)vs. elongate (v.) 延长 extend/stretcha stretch of road extend ones cordial gratitude toe

47、xtend ones sincere apologies tobe grateful of,ropose (v.) =? 提建议pose=putpropose=求婚vs. dispose (v.) 处置，处理（random）Man proposes, God disposes.Disposable plastic bags / chopsticks,ethnocentric种族优越的 white-centeredracism=种族主义self-centered=自私的eccentric：e=out 古怪的; 离心的weird=古怪的 bizarreeccentricity (n.),ethno

48、=ethnic=人种的, 种族的人种学=ethnology人种史(文本)=ethnographyautobiography: bio=生物,一生 自传ethnic=种族的ethnicity (n.) = the characteristic of a race or a tribe,ethos=文化精神, 社会底蕴The essence of cultureethics=伦理= virtue美德=moral道德 (n.)=morality,extravagant=会挥霍的, 奢侈的=deluxeant/ent ance/ence (n.)extravagance (luxury, luxuri

49、ous) extraordinary=非凡的,evade：=avoid evasive=逃走的Wade (NBA): w=water 在水上走淌水parade (v./n.)=检阅, 行军 demonstratecrusade：ade=走路，cru=向下 crudeCrusaders 蹂躏, 抢劫= depredation predator (a meat-eating animal),with-: =backwithdraw=撤销,取款 (deposit)withhold=抑制 restrict, constrain / restrain + sb. from doingrefrain fr

50、om, prohibit(ive) curative preventivewither,5,To: ,approve,appraise,accelerate,a-的用法：,accelerate (v.)= ?分析：cele=speedcelerity 敏捷 (-ity = 抽象的概念)?accelerate 加速deceleratecelebrity Sister FengSpring Festival Celebrationnotability=显赫的大人物Bill Gates,notice = perceive = figure outNoticeable=显而易见的Notable=著名的