《瓦尔登湖》赏析ppt课件.ppt
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1、After reading the section of solitude,whenIfinishedreadingthissection,therearetwosentencesimpressedmemost.Oneis“Amanisrichinproportiontothenumberofthingswhichhecanaffordtoletalone.”Theotheris“Aslongaspossible,livefreeanduncommitted.Itmakesbutlittledifferencewhetheryouarecommittedtoafarmorthecountryj
2、ail.”Whatthetwosentencesreflectalsocanbeseenfromthesection.TheauthorHenryDavidThoreaushowedusapeacefulscene,inwhichhumanbeingsandthenatureare perfectlystumbled.Theauthorexpectstofindaforevernewandunprofanedpartoftheuniversetolive.Whatsmore,healsopursuesafreeanduncommittedlifebothataphysicallevelanda
3、taspirituallevel.Justastheauthormentionedinthepassage“TheIndependenceDay,theFourthofJuly,1845isthedayonwhichhebegantostayinword.”Byshowingthebeginningofhisuncommittedlife,theauthoralsoimpliesthatpeopleintheworldshouldleavetheirregularlocalregiontoanothernewoneinordertoexperiencetheotherstyleoflife.A
4、lifewhichwillnotberestrictedwithsecular,utilityandambition,butonlyarelaxingenjoyable,freeheartgoingnearerandnearertothenature.Thisisjustwhatthesecondsentencewantstotellus.Thesentence:“amanisrichinproportiontothenumberofthingswhichhecanaffordtoletalone”tellsthatamanshouldnotthinkalotofwhathegainsandw
5、hathelosses.Ifhegains,behappy.Ifhelosses,letitgone.ThenhemayfindeverythinghegainsturnouttobeGodsgiftsandmuchmorepreciousthanbefore.Amanwhoisalwaysworryingaboutlosingsomethingownednothingatlast,becauseheregardseverythingashisown,thenitsnotenoughforhimevenheownsthewholeworld.Aboveall.Itsnotnecessaryto
6、doeverythingfollowingsomesocalledavant-gardes,orjustinordertoobjecttothemainstream.Whatweshoulddo,alsothemostdifficultthingisbeingandpersistsinbeingourselves.Behonesttoourselvesandbeuncommitted!,Walden was published around 1854, during the reign of the transcendentalists; in fact, Henry David Thorea
7、u, the books author, was a member of the movement. If transcendentalism were around today, we would probably call its followers: new-age folk, hippies, or nonconformists. In fact, much of what transcendentalism stood for back then is still alive and well today.Many people know Thoreau from his 1849
8、essay Resistance to Civil Government, better known as Civil Disobedience. During the 1840s, Thoreau was imprisoned for refusing to pay taxes for a cause he didnt agree with. (In those days, taxes were collected separately by tax collectors who came to your door, as opposed to the modern income tax.)
9、 Although a friend of his paid the tax for him, enabling him to be released from jail, Thoreau maintained in his essay that he had no obligation to support an action of government that he did not agree with.Walden is written in much the same spirit. Thoreau cared as little for societys ills as he di
10、d for the government. He firmly believed that most of lifes expenses were unnecessary, and therefore so too was the labor a man put into earning enough money to buy them. In order to prove his claims, he went into the woods and lived as simply and as inexpensively as he encouraged others to do. Wald
11、en is the written record of his experiment.,The first several chapters of Walden are the most interesting, as it is in these that Thoreau lays out his case. His sarcasm and wit amuses the reader as he rails against the frivolity of new clothes, expensive houses, polite company, and meaty diets.One o
12、f Thoreaus chief arguments in Walden is that men wouldnt have to work for a living (and Thoreau clearly detests work) if they lived more simply. To that end, Thoreau built a house for under thirty dollars during a time when the average house (according to the first chapter of Walden) cost around $80
13、0, bought one cheap suit of clothes, and planted a crop of beans.For two years Thoreau lived in that house. He spend time cultivating his beans and other crops, making bread, and fishing. With his house paid for and his food in good supply, he swam in Walden Pond, walked in the adjoining woods, wrot
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