搞定托福阅读长难句先学会简化.doc

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1、搞定托福阅读长难句先学会简化 搞定托福阅读长难句先学会简化, 这些技巧让你看懂每个复杂句式。今天给大家带来了搞定托福阅读长难句先学会简化，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。搞定托福阅读长难句先学会简化 这些技巧让你看懂每个复杂句式托福阅读备考如何精读长难句?看不懂长难句是很多考生在阅读时一直感到困扰的问题，大家在精读时一定要加强对长难句的理解练习。考生可以先把每一段中最长的句子或者成分比较复杂的句子摘抄下来。对于托福阅读考试来说，每篇托福阅读*几乎都会考查句子简化题，而句子简化题的原句一般都是长难句，非常值得考生摘抄下来学习。考生摘抄完句子后就要对句子进行基本的句法分析。此时

2、，首要的一点是找出句子的主干，理解句子的主要意思。何谓句子主干?一般指的是主句的“主-谓”、“主-谓-宾”或“主-系-表”等结构。考生可以首先找到主句的谓语动词，因为任何主句一定有谓语动词，它是句子的灵魂，决定了主干的基本结构和主要意思。而长难句除了主干，一般还会有诸多修饰成分，比如介词短语、不定式、分词结构、从句等。一般来说，多个从句的出现会让句子变得特别长，更加难以理解，因此考生在划出主干后，可以先划出从句，并思考从句的类别和在句中充当的成分和作用，之后再理解句子的其他修饰成分。最后，考生再对整个句子进行翻译，以确保自己真正理解了它的意思。当你坚持做这样精读句子后，你会发现自己在考场上遇到

3、长难句不再那么恐慌了，理解句子的效率也会有明显的提高。托福阅读备考长难句精读方法介绍这里给考生做一个精读句子的示例。However, what is astonishing about this is not that Dutch agriculture was affected by critical phenomena such as a decrease in sales and production, but the fact that the crisis appeared only relatively late in Dutch agriculture. (托福官方真题23 “S

4、eventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture”)考生首先在笔记本上抄下这句话，然后再进行句法分析，可以通过划线等方式来体现。考生先找出主干，通过分析可知，本句主句的谓语为is，句子的主干结构为A (what从句) is not B, but C (the fact)。再来看本句有哪些从句导致句子变长了呢?首先，What引导的名词从句作主语，也就是主语从句;第一个that引导的从句作be动词的表语，这样的从句是表语从句;第二个that引导的从句则是同位语从句，用来补充解释前面的名词the fact。这是一个典型的由多个从句构成的长难句。做完句法分析后，考生可以尝试翻译

5、句子，如果有不认识的单词，先猜猜词义，然后借助词典进行核实，最后完成整句的翻译。这句话可以翻译成：“然而，对此，令人感到吃惊的并不是荷兰的农业受到销量和产量下降等危险现象的影响，而是这个危机在荷兰农业中出现地相对比较晚这个事实。”托福阅读长难句：甘薯的传播As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by r

6、eturning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America. (39, TPO5)anthropologist /?nr?p?l?d?st/ n. 人类学家rather than prep. 而不是raft /r?ft/ n. 筏 v. 用筏子载运(人或货物)navigator /n?v?ge?t?/ n. 航行者，航海者;领航员，导航员;导航仪我是分界线，大家先自己分析哦。As Patrick Kirch, (an American anthropologist), points

7、out, (rather than being brought by rafting South Americans), sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back (by returning Polynesian navigators) (who could have reached the west coast of South America. )分析：修饰一：(an American anthropologist)，同位语，修饰Patrick Kirch中文：美国人类学家修饰二：(rather than being b

8、rought byrafting South Americans)，介词短语，rather than是托福阅读里一个高频短语啊，大家记住它是一个介词，表示“而不是”中文：不是南美人用筏运来的修饰三：(by returning Polynesiannavigators)，介词短语，修饰bringback中文：玻利尼西亚返航者修饰四：(who could have reached the westcoast of South America. ) ，从句，修饰navigators中文：已经去过南美西海岸主干：sweetpotatoes might just have easily been bro

9、ught back参考翻译：正如美国人类学家Patrick Kirch所指出的，甘薯并不是南美人用筏运来的，而是通过已经去过南美西海岸的玻利尼西亚返航者很方便就带来了。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、同位语、非谓语动词以及从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句：水力资源Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scot

10、land and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons. (64, TPO6)我是分界线，大家先自己分析哦。Only the last of these was

11、 suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and (although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills),it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed (where nature intended them to), and water-driven factories had to be located on their bank

12、s (whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.)分析：修饰一：(although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills) ，从句中文：虽然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分丰富，能够运转谷物厂和纺织厂修饰二：(where nature intended them to) ，从句中文：水的流向是自然决定的修饰三：(whether or not the location wasdesirable for other reasons.) ，从句中文：而不管这个位置由于其他原因是否合理参考翻译：只有最后一种完全适合持续运转的机器，虽然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分丰富，能够运转谷物厂和纺织厂，但它有一个缺点：水的流向是自然决定的，所以水力驱动的工厂不得不位于河岸边，而不管这个位置由于其他原因是否合理。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。其实状语从句不是特别会影响大家对于句子的理解。