名词性从句讲解ppt课件.ppt

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1、名词性从句,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,His job is important.,What he does is important.,Subject,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,predicative,I dont like his job.,I dont like

2、 what he does every day.,object,I am your English teacher, Miss Wang.,Everyone knows the fact that I am your English teacher.,apposition,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句( subject clause)、宾语从句(object clause)、表语从句(predicative clause

3、)和同位语从句( appositive clause)。,名词从句,Practice:,1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know

4、 the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move,A,C,C,B,subject clause,object clause,Predicative clause,appositive clause,Try to find the noun clauses in the Reading section on page 2 and tell the functions.,At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reporte

5、d that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.,2. She wondered if the buses would still be running.,3.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.,4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.,Object clause,Object clause,Predicative clause,

6、Object clause,P9 :Underline all the noun clauses you can find.,Figure out he function of “ it”,It is reported that he wanted to have a rest.It is necessary that you should work hard.We made it clear that everyone should do their homework every day.We all thought it good news that the fog had finally

7、 gone.,名词性从句考点归纳,一、 名词性从句的连接词 （connecting words),a. that( 不充当从句的任何成分）,That light travels in straight lines is known to all.She sensed that she was being watched.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.,引导词that 的省略,t

8、hat 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略,that不可省略的情况：a. 主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词that 不能省略,that/ (that),1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necess

9、ary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.,(that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,b. wh-( how) wordsWhy they have not left yet is unclear.Polly didnt know which way she would go.The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd

10、.This is a question whose book it is.,连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which连接副词：when, where, how, why这些连接词不仅起到连接作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么

11、样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,c. if / whether( 不充当从句的任何成分）1. I asked her if/ whether she had a bike.2.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. The question is whether he should do it. 4 .The docto

12、r can hardly answer the question whether the old man will recover soon.5. Were worried about whether he is safe.6. We discussed whether we should close the shop on Sunday.7.I dont know whether to go.8. I dont know whether or not he is well.,if 和whether 的选用,不能使用if 的情况：a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从

13、句f. 动词discuss 引导的宾语从句g. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.h. whether or not 连在一起 引导宾语从句时不用if.,The weather will not clear up until next week. It is bad news for us.,It is bad news for us that the weather will not clear up until next week.,2. Do animals have the same senses as humans. I often wonder.,I o

14、ften wonder whether animals have the same senses as humans.,3. Im sure that he is honest. Im not sure whether/if he is honest. I doubt _he is honest. I have no doubt _ he is honest.,whether/if,that,4. No one knows whether/if it will be fine tomorrow and whether/if he will come to work. he said that

15、he liked rain and that he wouldnt use an umbrella when it was raining.,that 与 whether/ if的 用法区别whether( if ) 表示“是否”， 而that 却不表示任何意义。that 表示一种肯定、明确的概念，而whether( if ) 则表示一种不肯定、不明确的概念。当that/ if/ whether 引导的名词性从句是由and 或but 连接的两个并列分句时，则在and或but 后还需要用that/ if/ whether 引导，不可省略。,二、 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序,他是怎么成功的仍然是个

16、谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ),你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( ),W,R,R,w,Homework:1. P92 C1& C22. kkl: Period 5 grammar (1) Period10: close& reading comprehension,that 和what 的选用,tha

17、t 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,that / what,1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is sayi

18、ng.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,三、同位语从句的引导和辨别,1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等抽象名词。3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。,

19、1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.,that/ whether / where/ how,where,how,that,that,whether,同位语从句和定语从句的区别

20、,1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。,2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.,1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.,1.The information has been a

21、nnounced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.,Attributive or Appositive,AT,AP,AP,AT,名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 should + do, should 可省略,He gave me a suggestion that I

22、( should ) be calm now.,宾语从句的时态呼应,1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.,his dream will come true some day,what you were doing at this time yesterday,2. 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。 他告诉我他正

23、在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . 他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher tell us _,he was preparing for the examination,He had been away from his hometown for ten years,light travels in a straight line.,Practice time,1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2

24、.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. w

25、hich C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when,7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestion is

26、 _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tel

27、l you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who,13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where,