名词性从句翻译ppt课件.pptx
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1、名词性从句翻译,PPT模板下载: 行业PPT模板: 节日PPT模板: PPT素材下载: PPT图表下载: 优秀PPT下载: PPT教程: Word教程: Excel教程: 资料下载: PPT课件下载: 范文下载: 试卷下载: 教案下载:,名词性从句的分类,1. 主语从句2. 宾语从句3. 表语从句4. 同位语从句,名词性从句翻译的基本方法,名词性从句一般采用原文语序处理;以it为形式主语或形式宾语的主语从句或宾语从句,翻译时语序往往要做调整。,Examples,Which result is correct remain to be studied.哪个结果正确,还有待研究。,主语从句,1.
2、由关系代词引导的主语从句即:从句+主句的谓语+其他成分这种结构的主语从句,多数由从属连词that(无词义)whether、if连接代词 what, which, who, whom, whose连接副词when, where, why及how等引导。翻译时,一般采用顺译法,即把主语从句译在句首。,When the rocket was invented is said in a book “English for Today”.火箭是什么时候发明的,在今日英语一书中谈到了。,2. 形式主语it + 谓语 + 从句把真正主语从句提前,it可译出(强调时),也可不译出;不提前,it一般不译出,以i
3、t做形式主语,被动语态动词作谓语,后接that引导的主语从句。对于这种类型的英语被动句,译成汉语时大多转为主动句,即把原文中的主语从句译在宾语的位置上,而将it作形式主语的主句中的被动语态谓语译成主动形式。,不加主语It is assumed thatIt is said thatIt must be pointed out thatIt should be noted thatIt is reported thatIt has been proved that It will be seen from this that,增加泛指性词语作主语,It is admitted thatIt is
4、 asserted thatIt is believed thatIt is found out thatIt is known thatIt is pointed thatIt is regarded thatIt is suggested thatIt is thought that,Example,1. It is no harm that we have to recheck the figures.再核对一遍这些数字是没有害处的。,2. It is pity that the result of this exam is not better than that of the las
5、t one.遗憾的是,这次测验结果没有上次好。,宾语从句,1. 引导宾语从句的从属连词与主语从句同,翻译这类从句,通常采用顺译法,即一般还是放在宾语的位置上。,Example,I am wondering if the heart of all new ideas lies in the borrowing, adding, combining or modifying of old ones.我想知道这些新观念的核心是否在于对老观念的借鉴、补充、结合或修改。,2. 除了谓语动词可带宾语从句外,不定式,分词和某些介词也可以带宾语从句,译法相同,采用顺译法。但except, save, besi
6、des等词带的宾语从句,如果在句末,按汉语习惯应采用倒译法。,Example,I would come except it rains.要是不下雨, 我就来。,We know nothing about him save that he was in the army during the war.除了知道他战时曾在军队服役以外,我们对他一无所知。,3. 用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语从句放在后面,it没有词义,可以省译,顺序是情况而定。,Television makes it easy for men to see things taking place in the world.电视使人们容
7、易看到在世界各地发生的事情。,Why dont you bring it to his attention that you are too ill to go on working?你为什不让他注意到你已经病得厉害不能继续工作了?,表语从句,引导表语从句的连词与引导主语从句的连词相同。表语从句一般采用顺译法,即先译主语后译从句。,Example,The trouble was they couldnt agree among themselves.问题是他们内部意见都不能统一。,Your mothers health is not what is used to be.你母亲的身体以大不如前
8、了。,同位语从句,1. 基本保持原文语序;2. 译为类似定语的结构或独成一句;3. 加入冒号、破折号或“这样”、“这一”、“即”等字眼进行翻译;4. 改变原文的同位语结构,用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出。,Example,We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否值得信任的问题。,1. 译成独立句,主要适用于较长的同位语从句。译成独立的句子时,在其前面加“即”,冒号或破折号。But considering realistically, we had to face the fact that
9、 our prospects were less than good.但是现实的考虑一下,我们不得不正视这样一个事实:我们的前景并不妙。,2. 译成定语或独立的一句话。因为同位语从句在形式上和意义上接近于定语从句,因此,有时可将其直接译成定语。The problem that all machines in this factory must be automated will be solved before long.该厂所有机器实现自动化的问题,不久就能解决。,The report that he was going to resign was false.他将辞职的传言是假的。,It
10、does not alter the fact that he was responsible for the delay.迟延应由他负责,这个事实是改变不了的。,3. 转换译法。被同位语所说明的本位语,如若是包含着有动作意义的词,如discovery, suggestion, hope, assurance, knowledge等,一般可把这类词转化为动词,将同位语从句译为汉语的主谓词组,做该动词的宾语。,I give my guarantee that he will support the idea.我保证他会支持这个想法。,Tears filled her eyes at the th
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