英语五种基本句型ppt课件.ppt

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1、英语的基本句型,蓬溪县高中高三英语,五种基本句型,主语+不及物动词 Everybody smiled.2. 主语+及物动词+宾语He knows everything.3. 主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语I showed him my passport.4. 主语+系动词+表语The boy looks healthy.5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语What made you angry?,祈使句的主语一般都省略掉,一 主语+不及物动词,1.主语+不及物动词The sun is rising.Its snowing.Can you read?,2.主语+不及物动词+状语Did you

2、 sleep well?She often dreams.You go first and I will follow behind.,3. 主语+不及物动词+副词(构成成语动词)The engine broke down.How did the accident come about?The bomb blew up.,4.主语+不及物动词(有被动意思)Is the book selling well?Does this cloth wash well?,这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，不需加宾语。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,1.太阳

3、在明亮地照耀着。 2.我们呼吸、吃和喝。 3.他们谈了半个小时。 4.我们到的时候他们正在唱歌。5. 这支笔书写流利。,1.太阳在明亮地照耀着。 Thesunisshiningbrightly. 2.我们呼吸、吃和喝。Weallbreathe,eatanddrink.,3.他们谈了半个小时。Theytalkedforhalfanhour. 4.我们到的时候他们正在唱歌。Theyweresingingwhenwearrived.5. 这支笔书写流利。The pen writes smoothly .,二主语+及物动词+宾语,1.主语+及物动词+名词(代词)Do you know them?He

4、loved ice-cream.What did he say?,2. 主语+及物动词+反身代词Now I will introduce myself.They blamed themselves for the accident.,3.主语+及物动词+同源宾语He smiled a strange smile.As he slept, he dreamed a dream.4.主语+成语动词+宾语He handed in his homework this morning.They are looked down on by everyone.5. 主语+及物动词+不定式(做宾语)We ca

5、nt afford to pay such a price.You must try to improve.He forgot which way to go.,6.主语+及物动词+动名词(做宾语)Would you mind waiting for a few minutes?I prefer standing.I propose resting for half an hour.7.主语+及物动词+从句 (做宾语)He claimed that he saw the accident.I suggested (that) we (should) leave early.Do you see

6、 why I did it?Can you tell which is which?She asked if she might call and see me.Ill do what I can.I dont remember when that happened.,这些句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,1.谁知道答案? 2.他喜欢看书。 3.他说：“早上好！” 4.我想喝杯茶5. 他拒绝帮他们。6. 他承认犯了错误,1.谁知道答案?Whoknowstheanswer? 2

7、.他喜欢看书。Heenjoysreading. 3.他说：“早上好！” Hesaid“Goodmorning.”,4.我想喝杯茶Iwanttohaveacupoftea.5. 他拒绝帮他们。 He has refused to help them.6. 他承认犯了错误 .He admits that he was mistaken.,三主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,1.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+名词She give me her telephone number. (to)Ill make you some fresh tea. (for)They forgave him his cr

8、imes.2.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+从句I have warned him that it is not allowed.She showed me where her leg hurt.Tell me whatever you know about it.,分析这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思，故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。,间接宾语后

9、置与for连用的动词有buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find等。例如： UncleLiboughtmeabirthdaypresent. =UncleLiboughtabirthdaypresentforme.李叔叔给我买了一件生日礼物。,间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give,lend,teach,take,return,send,pass等。例如： Pleasepasshimacupoftea.=Pleasepassacupofteatohim.请递给他一杯茶。 注意：若直接宾语是人称代词，通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前。例如： 误：Pleasegivemet

10、hem.正：Pleasegivethemtome.,1.他把这本书给了他的2.我将写给你一封长信。 3.他给你带来了一本字典。 4.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。 5.我给他看我的照片。 6. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。7.他教我开机器。,1.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。 He gave the book to his sister. 2. 我将写给你一封长信。 Ill write you a long letter.3.他给你带来了一本字典。 Hebroughtyouadictionary.4.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。Shecookedherhusbandadelicious meal.,5.我给他看我的照片。

11、 Ishowedhimmypictures.6.我告诉他汽车晚点了。 Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.7.他教我开机器。 Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.,1.主语+系动词+形容词How are you? Im fine.He has fallen ill.They kept silent.2.主语+系动词+名词His dream has at last become a reality.He appeared a fool.It sounds a good idea.,四主语+系动词+表语,3.主语+系动词+副词Is Helen in?Summe

12、r is over.Youd better keep away from that guy.4.主语+系动词+介词短语You know what you are after.Keep off the grass.The students are in favour of reform.5.主语+系动词+不定式His plan is to keep it secret.The only thing now is to take a taxi.Surely she was to be trusted.,6.主语+系动词+动名词My job is repairing cars.Talking to

13、him is talking to a wall.Their favourite pastime is playing chess.7.主语+系动词+从句My opinion is that the plan wont work.The question is what you want to do.Thats where we differ.Thats how I look at it.The problem is who can be put in charge.,8.主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语She is fond of this country.I was sick of lyin

14、g in bed.They seem delighted with the result.9.主语+系动词+形容词+不定式Im happy to meet you.She was eager to see her people.10.主语+系动词+形容词+从句Im glad you have come.Were not clear what theyre up to.I am not certain who he is.Hes doubtful whether he can afford it.,这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构

15、成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。,1特纳先生是位画家。2牛奶变酸了。3.她当了律师.4.这是本英汉辞典。 5.蛋糕味道很好。,6.一切看来都不同了。 7.他长得又高又壮。 8.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 9.我们的井干枯了。 10.他的脸红了。,1.特纳先生是位画家。 Mr. Turner is an artist.2.牛奶变酸了。The milk turned sour.

16、3.她当了律师.She became a lawyer.4.这是本英汉辞典。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary. 5.蛋糕味道很好。Thecakesmellsgood.,6.一切看来都不同了。Everythinglooksdifferent. 7.他长得又高又壮。Heisgrowingtallandstrong. 8.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney. 9.我们的井干枯了。Ourwellhasgonedry. 10.他的脸红了。Hisfaceturnedred.,五主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语,1.主语

17、+及物动词+宾语+形容词I thought her so nice and sincere.They didnt believe such a thing possible.He found it difficult to satisfy their needs.2.主语+及物动词+宾语+名词They called their daughter Mary.We elected Smith our chairman.We thought it our duty to help them.,3.主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语He put his books in order.This placed

18、 her in a very difficult position.She was placed in a very difficult position.4.主语+及物动词+宾语+副词She wished herself home.Dont leave me behind.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式What do you advise me to do?I wish you to be happy?We all felt the plan to be unwise.,6.主语+及物动词+宾语+不带to的不定式We cant let this go on.Did you notice h

19、im come in?7.主语+及物动词+宾语+现在分词I saw her chatting with Nancy.I hate you being unhappy.I could smell trouble coming.8.主语+及物动词+宾语+过去分词He watched the piano carried upstairs.You must make yourself respected.You have to get a photograph taken.,分析这些句子的共同特点是：谓语动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意

20、思完整。宾语补足语的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。宾语补足语可以由名词、动词不定式、形容词、副词和介词短语等充当。注意：在使役动词make,let,have等引起的复合宾语中，若宾语补足语是动词不定式，则要省去不定式符号to。例如： Hemadeuslaugh.他使我们发笑。 Iwontletyougo.我不会让你走。 Ihavethemcometomorrowmorning.我让他们明天早上来。,1.我发现这本书不难。 2. 我将让他去。3.他们叫他詹姆斯。 4.我们将保持桌面干净。 5.他们把门漆成绿色。,6.他怎么会这样想? 7.我们送他出去。 8.他要我早点

21、回来。 9.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。,1.我发现这本书不难。I found the book easy. 2. 我将让他去。Ill let him go.3.他们叫他詹姆斯。TheycalledhimJames. 4.我们将保持桌面干净。Wewillkeepthetableclean. 5.他们把门漆成绿色。Theypaintedthedoorgreen.,6.他怎么会这样想? Whatmakeshimthinkso？7.我们送他出去。Wesawhimout. 8.他要我早点回来。Heaskedmetocomebacksoon. 9.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。Isawthemgettin

22、gonthebus.,练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型Your sister dances beautifully.They proved that the earth was round.This food looks inviting.Doing that would be playing with fire.,主谓,主谓宾,主系表,主谓宾,5.They kept their marriage a secret.6.He played dead.7.She was nicknamed “Little Rabbit”.8.Show me what you bought.9.She never

23、doubted that she was right.10.Good food keeps you healthy.,主谓双宾,主谓,主谓宾,主谓双宾,主谓宾,主谓宾宾补,1.The palaces were large and beautiful.2.Horse-riding,hammer throw and shooting are some of the more unusual events.3.A species can become endangered for different reasons.,主系表,主系表,主系表,4.Harry seems like a normal b

24、oy.5.It sounded like a woman crying.6.Tom suddenly felt cold.7.I will pick up rubbish from the ground.8.You can plant a tree or build a birdhouse.,主系表,主系表,主系表,主谓宾宾补,主谓宾,9.Steve also wants us to think abut what we do.10.I will tell my friends to protect the environment.11.I advise waiting till the ri

25、ght time.12.My uncle suggested (me) getting a job in a bank.,主谓宾宾补,主谓宾宾补,主谓宾,主谓双宾,13.Professor Stevenson explained to the students that the milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago.14.Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world; rock music makes people think abut the world and how to make their life better.,主谓双宾,主谓宾宾补,