英语动词的分类ppt课件.pptx
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1、,动词的分类,表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。e.g.The boy runs fast. The boy is a student .,下面哪些词不是动词?,raise they write the be become remains shall myself will done can must burning second wonderful care for nothing until dreamed,目 录,动词的基本形式,系动词,行为动词,助动词,情态动词,重点动词及词组,第一部分动词的基本形式,PART 01,01,1. 一般情况下,直接在动词词尾+s 如getgets; taket
2、akes,(一)主语为第三人称单数的动词变化规则,2. 以 sh, ch,o,s,x, 结尾的动词,在词尾+ es 如teach teaches; fixfixes;gogoes,3. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的动词,变y 为i,再+ es 如study studies; trytries (a,e,i,o,u是元音字母,其他的21个都是辅音字母),4.特殊变化 have-has be-is do-does,take,Exercise,1.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式,sit,carry,fly,/flies,/carries,play,s,s,come,s,study,/studies,sw
3、im,s,say,drink,s,brush,es,wash,es,read,s,teach,s,guess,snow,s,look,plant,watch,es,finish,s,pass,s,es,es,s,es,es,Exercise,1.He _ teeth every morning. A. brush B. brushes C. brushing2._ he swim every afternoon? A. Do B. Does C. Doing3.My father _a new bike. A. have B. has C. having4. John _ like his f
4、ather. A. look B. looks C.lookes,(二)动词的现在分词,1. 一般情况下,直接在动词后加ing work - working sleep - sleeping study - studying,2 .动词以不发音的e结尾,要去e加ing take - taking make - making dance - dancing,3 .以辅元辅结尾的,要双写末尾字母,再加ing cut -cutting put -putting begin -beginning stop-stopping swim-swimming shop-shopping sit-sitting
5、 get-getting,(二)动词的现在分词,4. 以-ie结尾的动词变ie为y再加ing lie -lying tie - tying die - dying5 .特殊 control-controlling travel-travel(l)ing picnic-picnicking,Exercise,1.The boy _ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( d
6、o ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .,is drawing,are singing,is cooking,are,doing,are having,Exercise,6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance ) in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have) supper now
7、10._Helen_(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is.,arent watering,are dancing,is listening,are having,Is,washing,(三)过去式和过去分词的构成方法,1. 一般情况下,直接在动词后加ed work - worked-worked ask-asked-asked 2 .动词以e结尾,直接加d like - liked-liked,3 .以辅元辅结尾的,要双写末尾字母,再加ed stop-stopped-stopped prefer-preferred-preferred 4. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的动词,变
8、y 为i,再+ ed carry-carried-carried5 .特殊 control-controlled travel-travel(l)ed picnic-picnicked,Exercise,1. Lee _ his mobile phone at home. A. leave B. leaves C. leaved D. left2. _ he _ a good rest? No, he didnt. A. Do, had B. Did, have C. Did, had D. Was, had3. As soon as he _, he _ to his family. A.
9、arrived, writes B. arrived, written C. arrived, wrote D. arriveds, write,Exercise,4. Mr. Black was latebecause he _ his way. A. losted B. lose C. loses D. lost5. When _ Jack _ school this morning? A. did, got to B. did, get to C. did, get D. did, got6. Will you please say it again? I _ quite _ you.
10、A. didnt, hear B. dont, heard C. didnt, heard D. dont, hear,Exercise,7.He went into the room and _ the door. A. lock B. locking C. locks D. locked8. What _ you _ last week? I bought a bag. A. did ,buy B. did , bought C. do, buy D. do, bought9.It was raining hard when he _ home. A. got B. get C. gets
11、 D. was getting,注意:掌握五种形式的变化规律I work in the factory.He works in the office.We are dancing together.I caught a cold last week.She has watered the flower.,动词的五种形式,自己填填看,works,worked,worked,working,writes,wrote,written,writing,has,had,had,having,does,did,done,doing,实义动词表示行为、动作或状态的词,具有实在的意义,又称为行为动词。如:pl
12、ay, give, listen,助动词帮助实义动词构成各种时态和句型的动词。如:do, does, did, will,系动词用来帮助说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的动词。如:be, look, smell, taste, sound, feel, become, get,情态动词表示说话人情感和态度的词,后面接实义动词原形。如:can,may, must, need,动词的 分类,第二部分 系动词,PART 02,02,系动词 Link Verb,系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(通常为名词或形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。e.g. I li
13、ke music. I am interested in music.,23,系动词,状态类系动词be,They are students. He is ill.,感官类系动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel,This kind of paper feels soft. This flower smells sweet.,不及物动词转化,继续保持或处于原来的状态keep,remain,stay,stand,Keep quiet ,please,主语终止动作,“证明是”prove,turn out,His advice proved right.,变化类系动词loo
14、k,grow,get,fall,go,become, turn,Its getting dark.,1)状态类系动词,用来表示主语的性质或状态。意思“是”e.g.He is a teacher. He is ill.,be动词,口诀: 我用 am,你用are is连着他她它 单数不可数记得用 is, 复数后面are, are, are。,is,他是一个男生。He is a boy.,她是一个女生。She is a girl.,它是一只小狗。It is a dog.,The pencil is long. 这只笔是长的。(某物)Kitty is thin. Kitty是痩的。(某人)The mi
15、lk is white.牛奶是白色的。(不可数),are,You are a boy. You are friends.,They are monkeys.,My eyes are big.,We are friends.,用动词am, is, are填空(请注意大小写)1. Where _ Ann? She _ here.2. How old _ you? I _ thirteen.3. _ you Mr Read? Yes, I _.4. What _ your name?My name _ Fang Fang.5. What grade _ you in? I _ in Grade Tw
16、o.,is,are,am,is,Are,is,am,is,are,am,Exercise,1. They late. A. am B. is C. are2. You a student. A. am B. is C. are3. The cloud white. A. am B. is C. are4. I a student. You a teacher. A . am is B. am are C. is are5. We friends. A. am B. is C. are6. He my father. She my mother .They both doctors . A. i
17、s is are B. am is are C. is is am,be动词的否定句,1.He is a teacher.,He is not a teacher.,2.They are twins.,They are not twins.,be动词后加not,be动词的缩写,I am= Im You are=YoureHe is= Hes She is=We are= It is=They are=,Shes,Were,Its,Theyre,否定形式的缩写:,is not= isnt are not= arent,am not没有缩写形式!,有Be动词的陈述句改为一般疑问句的基本步骤(1),
18、He is Jack.,She is Mary.,找出be动词将be动词放到最前面首字母大写,原来的首字母改掉,其他照抄句号改成问号,is She Mary.,Is she Mary.,Is she Mary?,Is he Jack?,有Be动词的陈述句改为一般疑问句的基本步骤(2),I am Lucy.,I am Mary.,找出be动词将be动词放到最前面主语是第一人称I改为第二人称you,对应am改成are(my改成your)句号改成问号,Am I Mary.,Are you Mary.,Are you Mary?,Are you Lucy?,一般疑问句(Simple Quesiton)
19、,It is a fish.They are fish.This is your book.I am a student.My son is a teacher.This is a car.,陈述句,一般疑问句,Is it a fish?Are they fish?Is this your book?Are you a sthdent?Is your son a teacher?Is this a car?,She _ from Canada.一般疑问句:_肯定回答:_否定回答:_,is,缩写形式:,No, she is not.,Yes, she is.,No, she isnt.,Is s
20、he from Canada?,2)感官系动词,用来表示人体感官功能的动词,look,feel,sound,seem,taste,smell,这类动词加上形容词,表示人或事物的特征、性质或状态。e.g.She looks beautiful. This flower smells sweet.,3)不及物动词转化,继续保持或处于原来的状态,keep,remain,stay,stande.g.The weather remains cold. Keep quiet,please 天气依然很冷。,4)变化类系动词,look,grow,get,fall,go,become, turne.g.His
21、face turned red. The meat goes bad.,5)主语终止动作,证明是”prove,turn oute.g.The weather turned out to be fine.,Exercise,1.Peters mother _an engineer. 2.The weather _colder and colder.3.The dish _ good.4.The story _interesting.5.The dish of yours _delicious. 6.He _to be very sad.7.This kind of cloth _very sof
22、t.8.She _rich within a short time.,is,turns,sounds,tastes,seems,feels,grew,smells,Exercise,1. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three. A. turned B. goes C. became D. went2. His voice_ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems3. When I went home yesterday, it was _ dark. A. going B
23、. getting C. running D. coming4. You_ very pale. Do you feel sick? A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked,第三部分 实义动词,PART 03,03,什么是及物动词和不及物动词 ?,实义动词是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整,可以单独作谓语。英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把实义动词分成及物动词和不及物动词。1.不及物动词(intransitive verb) 本身意义完整后面不需跟宾语的实义动词,用vi表示。 如:My watch stopped. 2. 及物动词 (tran
24、sitive verb)后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,用vt表示。 如:We planted many trees around our school.,1.不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语,My watch stopped.It happened in June, 1932.She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.I used to live in the countryside.The foreigners arrived (at our school this morning).You must wait (for your turn).不
25、及物动词只能用于“主谓”结构,但是可以加任意状语。或者理解成:后面需要宾语时,必须加上相应的介词,如to, of , at,on, for 等。,常见的不及物动词,go,give,fail,happen,lie,rise,agree,look,succeed,die,rain,come,occur,sit,walk,run,sleep,listen,remain , belong, fall, exist, arrive, sail, hurry.,主语+谓语(vi)+介词+宾语,I listened, but could hear nothing.Everybody listened to
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