新世纪英语专业综合教程(第二版)第4册Unit5(试用版)ppt课件.ppt

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1、Unit3,Watch the movie clip and have a discussion about friends and friendship.,1. What do you think makes a good friend?,Pre-reading Activities - Audiovisual supplement 1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,A good friend is one who is loyal, considerate and honest ,A friend can give help, pl

2、easure, company ,2. What can a friend give?,Pre-reading Activities - Audiovisual supplement 2,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,pouring something from a jar into a glass This is the blood of our people, the wolf people, the alligator people, and the moon women from which we gain our streng

3、th to rule all worlds.Hands glass to Little Teensy. Little Teensy shakes head no. Its ok. Its just chocolate.Teensy drinks. Teensy Melissa Whitman: I declare you, Princess-Naked-As-A-Jaybird. whispers Hot Cha Cha! turns to Little Caro Caro Eliza Bennett: I declare you, Duchess Soaring Hawk.,Little V

4、ivi: Little Vivi: Little Vivi: Little Teensy: Little Vivi:,Video Script1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,turns to Little Necie Necie Rose Kelleher: I declare you, Countess Singing Cloud. And I: Viviane Joan Abbott, am hereby and forever Queen Dancing Creek.pulls a knife out of a shield N

5、ow, wait just one second . I dont think we should be cutting ourselves with that knife . Silence!nicks her hands with knife and passes it down to Little Teensy We are the flames of fires, the whirling of the winds. We are the waters of the rains and the rivers and the oceans. We are the rocks and th

6、e stones. And now, by the power invested in,Video Script1,Little Vivi: Little Necie:Little Vivi:Little Vivi:,Video Script1,Little Vivi:All little Ya-Yas:,me, I declare we are the mighty Ya-ya priestesses. Let no men put us under. Now our blood flows through each other as its done for all eternity. L

7、oyal forever. Raise our voices in the words of Mumbo Gumbo YA-YA! YA-YA!,English Quotes about Friendship:-Tell me what company thou keepst, and Ill tell thee what thou art. Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish novelist-My friends are my estate. Emily Dickinson, American Poet-My best friend is the one who br

8、ings out the best in me. Henry Ford, American Industrialist-The only reward of virtue is virtue; the only way to have a friend is to be one. Ralph Waldo Emerson, American Essayist,Cultural information 1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Friendship,Cultural information 2,Audiovisual supplem

9、ent,Cultural information,-True happiness consists not in the multitude of friends, but in their worth and choice. Samuel Johnston, American Statesman-Friendship makes prosperity more shining and lessens adversity by dividing and sharing it. Cicero, Roman author, orator and politician-Be courteous to

10、 all, but intimate with few, and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence. True friendship is a plant of slow growth, and must undergo and withstand the shocks of adversity before it is entitled to the appellation. George Washington, First president of the U.S,Cultural inform

11、ation 3,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,The holy passion of Friendship is of so sweet and steady and loyal and enduring a nature that it will last through a whole lifetime, if not asked to lend money. Mark Twain, American humorist, novelist, short story author,Cultural information 4,Audi

12、ovisual supplement,Cultural information,Chinese Sayings about Friendship: 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.亲兄弟，明算账。Even reckoning makes long friends.物以类聚，人以群分。Birds of a feather flock together.君子之交淡如水。A hedge between keeps friendship green.海内存知己，天涯若比邻。A bosom friend afa

13、r brings a distant land near.有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！Isnt it great when friends visit from distant places?,Cultural information 5,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Womens Friendship Female friendships are often seen as having elements of intimacy and support. Women typically describe their friendships

14、 in terms of closeness and emotional attachment. What characterizes friendships between women is the willingness to share important feelings, thoughts, experiences, and support. Women devote a good deal of time and intensity of involvement to friends. Friendships between women, more so than between

15、men, are broad and less likely to be divided.,Gender Patterns in Friendship,Cultural information 6,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Mens Friendships Unlike women, men are typically socialized by society to be less social and have more difficulty with friendships; they are often raised to

16、compete with other men and not cooperate with them, to hide their vulnerabilities and not share their inner experiences. However, like women, men can benefit from the social bonds of friendship. The great friendships recorded in history have been between men, and friendships among men have often bee

17、n romanticized and idealized. Mens friendships have typically been described in terms of bravery and physical sacrifice in providing assistance to others. Despite this historical romanticization of the,Cultural information 7,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,male friendship, researchers ha

18、ve found that men have significantly fewer friends than women, especially close friendships or best friends.,Cultural information 8,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Friendship between Men and Women There is much debate about the possibilities of male and female friendships. Much of this d

19、ebate has had to do with the idea that sexual attraction will prevent men and women from forming a strong platonic bond. There can be many challenges to female-male friendships. For instance, in a society where men have typically had more power and dominance, equality can be an issue. Both genders m

20、ay benefit from these interactions: Men may learn more about sharing and establishing emotional support, while women might enjoy interactions that are less emotionally challenging.,General analysis,Structural features,In the text, the author discusses the differences between a buddy and a friend in

21、a forceful way. The main idea of the text can be summarized in one sentence: a buddy is a fine life companion while a friend is that part the race with which you can be human.,Rhetorical features,Golbal reading-general,General analysis,Structural features,This text distinguishes two kinds of friends

22、hip: that between men and that between women. It can be divided into four parts.,Part I,(Paragraphs 1 2): the prelude, where the author reveals what kind of film the woman had just seen.,Rhetorical features,Global reading-structural1,Part II,(Paragraphs 3 6): the introduction, where the author advan

23、ces the double standard of friendship on the basis of the personally observed shift of focus of the cinema lens.,General analysis,Structural features,Part III,(Paragraphs 7 18 ): the body, where the distinctions of the two types of friendship are detailed.,Rhetorical features,Global reading-structur

24、al2,Part IV,(Paragraphs 19 ): the conclusion, which summarizes the fundamental difference between male companionship and female friendship.,To show the differences between buddiness and friendship effectively, the author of the text coordinates sentences in various ways. Sometimes he uses conjunctio

25、ns such as but, yet and while. And sometimes he simply puts two clauses together without using any conjunction at all. For examples: Well, she thought, on the whole, men had buddies, while women had friends. Buddies bonded, but friends loved. Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each

26、other. There was something palpably different in the way they spent their time. Buddies seemed to “do” things,General analysis,Structural features,Rhetorical features,Global reading-rhetorical1,together; friends simply “were” together. (paragraph 8) Buddies hang tough together; friends hang onto eac

27、h other. (paragraph 11),General analysis,Structural features,Rhetorical features,Global reading rhetorical2,Practice: Please find more examples of coordinating sentences without using any conjunction.,1 It was, in many ways, a slight movie. Nothing actually happened. There was no big-budget chase sc

28、ene, no bloody shoot-out. The story ended without any cosmic conclusions.2Yet she found Claudia Weills film Girlfriends gentle and affecting. Slowly, it panned across the tapestry of friendship showing its fragility, its resiliency, its role as the connecting tissue between the lives of two young wo

29、men.,Ellen Goodman,THE TAPESTRY OF FRIENDSHIP,Detailed reading1-2,Detailed reading,Detailed reading3-4,3 When it was over, she thought about the movies she had seen this year Julia，The Turning Point and now Girlfriends. It seemed that the peculiar eye, the social lens of the cinema, had drastically

30、shifted its focus. Suddenly the Male Buddy movies had been replaced by the Female Friendship flicks.4 This wasnt just another binge of trendiness, but a kind of cinema vrit. For once the movies were reflecting a shift, not just from men to women but from one definition of friendship to another.,Deta

31、iled reading,Detailed reading5,5 Across millions of miles of celluloid, the ideal of friendship had always been male a world of sidekicks and “partners” of Butch Cassidys and Sundance Kids. There had been something almost atavistic about these visions of attachments as if producers culled their plot

32、s from some pop anthropology book on male bonding. Movies portrayed the idea that only men, those direct descendants of hunters and Hemingways, inherited a primal capacity for friendship. In contrast, they portrayed women picking on each other, the way they once picked berries.,Detailed reading,Deta

33、iled reading6-7,6 Well, that duality must have been mortally wounded in some shootout at the Youre OK, Im OK Corral. Now, on the screen, they were at least aware of the subtle distinction between men and women as buddies and friends.7 About 150 years ago, Coleridge had written, “A womans friendship

34、borders more closely on love than a mans. Men affect each other in the reflection of noble or friendly acts, whilst women ask fewer proofs and more signs and expressions of attachment.”,Detailed reading,Detailed reading8-9,Detailed reading,8 Well, she thought, on the whole, men had buddies, while wo

35、men had friends. Buddies bonded, but friends loved. Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other. There was something palpably different in the way they spent their time. Buddies seemed to “do” things together; friends simply “were” together.9Buddies came linked, like accessories,

36、to one activity or another. People have golf buddies and business buddies, college buddies and club buddies. Men often keep their buddies in these categories, while women keep a special category for friends.,Detailed reading10-12,Detailed reading,10 A man once told her that men werent real buddies u

37、ntil they had been “through the wars” together corporate or athletic or military. They had to soldier together, he said. Women, on the other hand, didnt count themselves as friends until they had shared three loathsome confidences.11Buddies hang tough together; friends hang onto each other.12It prob

38、ably had something to do with pride. You dont show off to a friend; you show need. Buddies try to keep the worst from each other; friends confess it.,13 A friend of hers once telephoned her lover, just to find out if he was home. She hung up without a hello when he picked up the phone. Later, wretch

39、ed with embarrassment, the friend moaned, “Can you believe me? A thirty-five-year-old lawyer, making a chicken call?” Together they laughed and made it better.14 Buddies seek approval. But friends seek acceptance.15 She knew so many men who had been trained in restraint, afraid of each others judgme

40、nt or awkward with each others affection. She wasnt sure which. Like buddies in the movies, they would die for each other, but never hug each other.,Detailed reading13-15,Detailed reading,16 She had reread Babbitt recently, that extraordinary catalogue of male grievances. The only relationship that

41、gave meaning to the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt had been with Paul Riesling. But not once in the tragedy of their lives had one been able to say to the other: You make a difference.17 Even now men shocked her at times with their description of friendship. Does this one have a best friend?

42、“Why, of course, we see each other every February.” Does that one call his most intimate pal long distance? “Why, certainly, whenever theres a real reason.”,Detailed reading16-17,Detailed reading,Detailed reading18-19,Detailed reading,Do those two old chums ever have dinner together? “You mean alone

43、? Without our wives?”18 Yet, things were changing. The ideal of intimacy wasnt this parallel playmate, this teammate, this trenchmate. Not even in Hollywood. In the double standard of friendship, for once the female version was becoming accepted as the general ideal.19 After all, a buddy is a fine l

44、ife-companion. But ones friends, as Santayana once wrote, “are that part of the race with which one can be human.”,What kind of movie did the woman see? What did she think of it? (paragraphs 12),Detailed reading1-Quesion 1,It was a movie that portrayed all aspects of the friendship between two women

45、: its fragility, its resiliency and its connecting function. It was quite an ordinary film, without thrilling scenes like a long-time car chase or a fierce gunfight. The end was of no great significance either. The movie was gentle and moving to the woman, because, as the following paragraphs show,

46、with the other two movies it brought about a new definition of friendship that stood against the traditional view of friendship.,Detailed reading,Detailed reading1-Quesion 2,Detailed reading,What led the woman to think that the cinema has drastically shifted its focus? (paragraph 3),It was the fact

47、that at present there were many more movies about Female Friendship than movies about Male Buddiness. In contrast, in the past, the friendship between men had dominated the movies, giving a false impression that only men were capable of making friends.,What was the shift? (paragraph 4),On the surfac

48、e, it was a shift from the friendship between men to that between women; but in nature the shift highlighted a different type of friendship: Male Buddiness is subtly distinct from Female Friendship.,Detailed reading1-Quesion 3,Detailed reading,What is the fundamental difference between buddies and f

49、riends? (paragraphs 718),Buddies are mens companions; they are connected by common activities. Friends, in the narrow sense in the text, are womens companions; they are associated by emotional attachment. Without shared activities, there would be no buddies for men; without love there would be no tr

50、ue friends for women.,Detailed reading1-Quesion 4,Detailed reading,What are the conditions of men becoming buddies and of women becoming friends? (paragraphs 718),Men become buddies only when they have weathered storms in commercial or athletic or military “wars” together, while women have to exchan