小学音标教程ppt课件.ppt

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1、英语国际音标,？,Ask and answer:,为什么要学习音标？,？,tiger,tag,老虎,1. 发音准确，说地道的英语2. 拼读法记忆单词3. 提高自主性，增加词汇量4. 整体语感提高,The Alphabet,Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff,ei,bi:,si:,di:,i:,ef,b,i:,s,i:,d,i:,e,f,元音,辅音,i:,ei,b,s,d,e,f,英语的音标和汉字的拼音一样，用来拼读的 拼音 =音标 韵母 元音 声母 辅音,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。4

2、什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,1.音标必须写在括号

3、里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中2.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一 样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。3.下面几个音标是最容易写错的，一定要注意：ai和au不要写成Ai和Au，A:不要写成a:。在打字的时候，不要用a来代替A,把A:打成a:，也不要用g来代替G，把GE:l打成gE:l。4.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。,音标的书写,_,i u,ei ai u au i,i: i e a: ,: : u: u,元音 vowels (20

4、个),_, p b t d k g , f v sz, h w j , t d , tr dr tsdz,m n l r , ,辅音 consonants (28个),单元音,Single Vowles,Lesson 1,_, i: i e ,a: : u: u, : ,单元音 vowels (12个),car far darkhalf palmlaugh auntbasket,Read the words, a: ,ar,al,au,a,pork horsedaughter becausetall talk door floor more store,Read the words,oraua

5、loorore, :,earth heard nurse hurt skirt firmher person word work,What letter or letter group makes,:?,ear,ur,ir,er,or,he she Chinese,e,see feet sheep,ee,eat read meat,ea,field believe belief,ie,receive seize,ei,/i:/,What letter or letter group makes /i:/ ?,we meshe kneetree sheepthree canteenThese C

6、hinese,i:,Read the words,mood boot zoo,move whose,ruler June,soup group,o,oo,u,ou,Read the words,bus run lucknothing love country young,u,o,ou,sunny lunch duck butjump funrun hundredmuch just, ,v,sorry dog copywash what,Read the words,o,a,socks notof hotsorry tock donkey long off stop, ,c,ago again

7、address,hundred parent,water teacher worker,today policeman,colour doctor,a,e,er,o,or/our,busy very lady,y,/ i /,live miss rich,i,beside decide elect,e,village courage cottage,a,i,milk minutefish windowfit rabbitis musichis fifteen,cook look foot would could should put July,U,oo,oul,u,Read the words

8、,full could took good wood cook put stood pull foot,Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best.,前元音，嘴半开，嘴角向两边展开呈扁形。,飞天喷火龙,小小龙,bed bel e,e,恐龙蛋,e e e,bread head dead weather,ea,/e/,bed fed ten best,a,anything many,e,e,leg eggbed deskpen elephantget sevenyes eleven,Word

9、s to read,sad mad man bad apple hat glad fact stand family fat cat bag,/,a,pants map at cap can manyhas blacksplash salad,双元音Double Vowels (8),Lesson 2,white ricewrite icelike nicetime ride,ai,Read the words,I life quiet mind price nightdie shy white lie high,Tongue twister,Mike likes to write by th

10、e bright light at night. 2.Some people laugh, some people cry; some give up and some still try; some will say hi when some say bye; some will forget you but will never I!,cake face name make place takesnake grapebaby potato,ei,face same game play waste hate late hay complain famous,Read the words,Re

11、ad the words,Boys and girls, please pay attention to “ oy ”!boy toy joy soy annoying employ,Read the words,Now please pay attention to “ oi ”! oil soil boil coin point noise,Read the words,beer deer pioneer peer ear,hear near fear clear tear appear,here mere,Read the words,dare care share bare rare

12、hair flair fair stair repair pear wear where,Tongue Twister,The pear tree bears a pear, Under the pear Theres a baby bear, The baby bear plays a pear.,Read the words,sure unsure poor moor tour,Tongue Twister,Sure sure sure,Poor poor poor,Im sure you know Im poor, So I cant go to make a tour.,how abo

13、ut shout cow loudmouse ground hour crown mouth,Read the words,Coke those hold OKover sogo potatotomato photo,u,road coat goat boat loadcold smoke go home hope,Read the words,辅音28个,辅音 Consonants (28个) 1.爆破音 p Practice makes perfect. b Barry found a big bug on her bed. t This is a hat, thats a cap. d

14、The doorman told David to go down. k Dont kit the kitten. g A good beginning makes a good ending., 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b: book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage,pbpay - baypear bearpen - Benpig - big,pb

15、cap - cablap - labtap - tabrope - robe,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played,tdtown downtie dietear deartouch Dutch,tdbent bendright ridelent lendbet bed,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c

16、k ck c: cap cook cup car can class k: cook milk key desk kite cake ck: clock sock cock neck,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg: egg,kgKate gatecard guardcould goodcoat goat,kgpick pigflak flagback bagLock log,两清辅音一起时，后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化sp sb st sd sk sg,speak spit spy study star

17、start sky school screen,摩擦音f If you buy fish, make sure its fresh.v Victor is very clever. Thank you for your table cloth. Those are far and these are near. s Sandy has a new swimming suit. z What size of shoes does Daisy wear?,f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: giraffe ph

18、: phone elephant photo gh: laugh,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v: video vase vest ve: five love violin,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s: star sun snake sea see c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z: zero zebra zoo s: bags photos sisters se: nose

19、rose,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: three thin third teeth mouth,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: father mother brother clothes weather, sure, she, social, nation Wash the fish, please. pleasure, televisionGeorge measured the garage with pleasure., 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she,3发这个音的字母和字母组

20、合s s: television, usually, Asia measure a garage, an unusual collision; a great decision; my pleasure,破擦音 t He teaches children how to play chess. d John likes to tell jokes. tr Therere lots of trucks in the street. dr He likes strong drinks. ts The students are wearing white shirts. dz Take away yo

21、ur dirty hands.,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage,ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats tes: gates kites dates tastes,dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des ds: seeds woods friends b

22、irds beds des: rides,tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick,dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr: draw drink driver dragon dry,鼻音 m May I have some milk, mum? n Nora knows the new comer. Lingling is listening to the song.,Compare n n ng /nk inink sin-sing thin-thing thanthank son-song,m 发这个音的字母和

23、字母组合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb: climb comb thumb,n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gnn: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane downkn: knee knife knock gn: sign,发这个音的字母和字母组合n ngn: ink bank tank fingerng: sing hang song king reading running, h have hot, who whole hate houseHelen holds he

24、r hands.,r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r: rice room ride road rose rr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong wrap,舌边音: l land, world 如果在后面 读 little, middle, castle，puzzleWhat a beautiful bicycle!,l 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar tell,半元音: w wall, what, answer The hom

25、ework every week is very hard.,w发这个音的字母和字母组合w: winter window watch water well would wh: white where which when why wheel whale,6) 半元音: j yes yellow yearYes, your yellow skirt is wet.,j发这个音的字母和字母组合yy: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your,成音节m，n，l,英语辅音字母中有 3 个辅音m，n，l是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节，也叫成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾

26、，一般是非重读音节。如：apple pl ， table teibl，middle midl, little litl，garden ga:dn，lesson lesn, physical fisikl ， realism ri:lizm 等等。,语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。2、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。3、浊化音 以sp_, st_, sk_开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。4、定冠词the的读音

27、 e.g. the man c.f. the old man,5、不完全爆破 爆破音p b t d k g 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。 e.g. basketball the part of the earth 6、连读 在一个短语或句子中，如果相邻两词的关系相等密切，而前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，辅音和元素连在一起读。7、意群的停顿对于一个较长的句子，可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完。,Lets play a game,1.ai hv pen .2.hi: iz t :l. 3.it iz buk .,4.i: iz dkt .5. ai m ti:t .6. sm b:dz : sii .,