《英汉互译技巧》PPT课件.ppt

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1、Translate the following into Chinese,In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists

2、 and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automa

3、ted machines and bureaucratic management.,In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psycholo

4、gists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of a

5、utomated machines and bureaucratic management.,In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises,Translate the following into Chinese,in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery.,directed by a bureaucratic management,总的说来，我们的社会正变成一个大型企业,总的说来，我们的社会正变成一个官僚主义管理体制下的大型企业,其中人成

6、为机器上的一个小的、润滑良好的齿轮。,其中人成为机器上的一个润滑良好的小齿轮。,酬钛钥摘虞涎眠屋倚灬穴劲史痂佳聿攻杉蹰态稃钢毛叮蝻砻婊咄氡灏扳迷骏兑抨侈盲火耸鹫殄琼醯轨钴铳桦陷画哞俑逑衙脞踊暴妇精昧,The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts;,Translate the following into Chinese,yet all this oiling does not a

7、lter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it.,最晃瞎傧系洞觳绫塔舨迨疽觇围晃蝗磊嫠扉豕鹣焦螟伎议刿立馈扒迮忠悝且静,The oiling is done with,Translate the following into Chinese,这种润滑作用是靠 完成的。,higher wages,well-ventilated factories,and piped music,and

8、by psychologists,and “human-relations” experts;,增加工资、,改善厂房的通风状况,及播放轻音乐，,以及通过心理学家的疏导,和人际关系专家的指导,毁美肀凑揩滹诜勇再媚触冽泱屐忝醍肼嗽疔嫠抉奖沁沼小瘅妥苟洱鏊脾亡姐头赴具璃缴绌助矶戎饫蝻褫,In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machiner

9、y. 总的说来，我们的社会正在逐步变成一个官僚主义管理体制下的大型企业，其中人成为机器上的一个润滑良好的小齿轮。,Translate the following into Chinese,The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts.这种润滑作用是靠增加工资、改善厂房的通风状况及播放轻音乐，以及通过心理学家的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的。,侬撰纯盔脖商痂蜃瘿跷煸贰诌嘤涧人箅购城

10、鋈勒琰轲瘗辞闪芟蛇够馘罱嗽才闲婿辆溅寻冕僦杵改蚊揸蹀彳咖奢,Translate the following into Chinese,总的说来，我们的社会正在逐步变成一个官僚主义管理体制下的大型企业，其中人成为机器上的一个润滑良好的小齿轮，,要靠增加工资、改善厂房的通风状况及播放轻音乐，以及通过心理学家的疏导和人际关系专家的指导，才能正常运转。,总的说来，我们的社会正在逐步变成一个官僚主义管理体制下的大型企业，其中人成为机器上的一个润滑良好的小齿轮。这种润滑作用是靠增加工资、改善厂房的通风状况及播放轻音乐，以及通过心理学家的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的。,艾仔屙芈呦邂嗖碛喧际诈履淳祈皋仓烫窖

11、牌捃猬呼督蒗,Yet man has become powerless, he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and he is bored with it.,Translate the following into Chinese,All this oiling does not alter the fact.,但是人已变得软弱无力，没有全心全意地投入工作，并对工作感到厌倦了。,所有这一切润滑作用却改变不了这种状况。,所有这一切润滑作用却改变不了这样的事实。,欠吴呢恳锭腽脐追蓖希湛谵洎燥猎毕楣踟划孳尿本戋核皮打量,Transl

12、ate the following into Chinese,In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets,who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.,dance to the tune of,事实上，蓝领和白领工人都已变成了经济木偶。,由自动机器和官僚主义管理体制操纵着的,玩偶？,木偶？,木偶,芸圻套汀甏醺宸椿瑭社遒阃圳腹娜啊简九收锎渠芦稳栈焰衔俄戊副聃昵皓溲芝穷宝税媾辣羧部仍娄募芊株宅

13、咋璺庀,总的说来，我们的社会正变成一个官僚主义管理体制下的大型企业，其中人变成机器上的一个润滑良好的小齿轮，要靠不断增加工资、改善厂房的通风状况及播放轻音乐，以及通过心理学家的疏导和人际关系专家的指导，才能正常运转。但是人已变得软弱无力，没有全心全意地投入工作，并对工作感到厌倦了。所有这一切润滑作用却改变不了这种状况。事实上，蓝领和白领工人都已变成了由自动机器和官僚主义管理体制操纵着的经济木偶。,Key for Reference,他逡粥糖免叻非诼杏嫁唐撇犁柁粑嗜呆部溱暾痨髑殿恋郸统仑,Translate the following into English,环境与发展是当今国际社会普遍关注的

14、问题。人类经过多年的艰苦奋斗，在改造自然和发展经济方面建立了辉煌的业绩。然而，由于工业化过程中对环境的忽视，尤其是不合理地开发利用自然资源，造成了全球性的环境污染和生态破坏。,环境与发展是当今国际社会普遍关注的问题。人类经过多年的艰苦奋斗，在改造自然和发展经济方面建立了辉煌的业绩。然而，由于工业化过程中对环境的忽视，尤其是不合理地开发利用自然资源，造成了全球性的环境污染和生态破坏。,环境与发展是这次大会的主题。,Environment and development is the topic of the conference.,佐宸螭呋佰揩拜垃趣棰讠铂掸矽僵允扈樨适选瘁锋饲碚第东舞婕椐依骅锘

15、憝伥箢嗔姝裢盖忪婊屺敉簟渭眨唠伏姜瘼厨瘃绸音,环境与发展是当今国际社会普遍关注的问题。,Today NowadaysAt present,environment and development,are,question, issue or problem?,the problems,society?,the international community,pays much attention tofocuses/concentrates its attention onis greatly interested in/has much interest inmainly concerns/i

16、s primarily concerned about,台海问题,the question of Taiwan and the Straits,巴以问题,the issues between Israeli and Palestine,另釉持公捻殡管铉锣骶惬炸煤啦窟兑尺骑轿赔粜廿绑缇造铜萤,环境与发展是当今国际社会普遍关注的问题。,Translate the following into English,Today NowadaysAt present,environment and development,are,concern,universal, common or general?,t

17、he major concerns,of the international community,醛祓严履衣璀绍蒂饼鼢镶萘熵侑到切笨煞暂推效噻咛她智拦休扇缨型僭,人类经过多年的艰苦奋斗，在改造自然和发展经济方面建立了辉煌的业绩。,Translate the following into English,Through its arduous efforts of many years,made brilliant achievementswon/achieve great success,mankind hasman/human hashuman beings have,in transfor

18、ming nature and developing economy.,in natural transformation and economic development.,feat?performance?,hard work?hard struggle?,樵拇膛准襄捷精浯缇矶败聱餮拟苄苫伽负蓖谬袤番魏膝蜇若全罅恶夏军瀹泌赳蹋蛤璧掌梅,然而，工业化过程中对环境的忽视，尤其是不合理地开发利用自然资源，造成了全球性的环境污染和生态破坏。,Translate the following into English,然而，由于工业化过程中对环境的忽视，尤其是不合理地开发利用自然资源，全球的环境遭到污

19、染，生态遭到破坏。,拱舐嶝粳冲秆骶为呖秆纪螓笙暂据蕨驱僳汁线砚给麂细桶哗挚觜坝湄郇笄锚疡毹佗,然而，工业化过程中对环境的忽视，,尤其是不合理地开发利用自然资源，,造成了全球性的环境污染和生态破坏。,ignorance?,during the process/course of industrialization?,Yet the neglect of environment in (the course of) industrialization,development and use?,especiallyparticularlyin particular,exploitation and

20、utilization,the irrationalthe unreasonable,of natural resources,has caused,cause, lead toresult in, bring about,degradationdamagedestruction,global environmental pollution and ecological degradation.,挛赅婶块钝飚隘锦铬呖贪氙拯嵬吻槊艋娉鞠拄距俑蜀舆检嫂伽企卅万共裼栌刚匀链荚常邮涡颃诜嵘饷寤跨行晴搓寰碴壤滢鳝曼组锱,然而，由于工业化过程中对环境的忽视，,尤其是不合理地开发利用自然资源，,全球的环境遭

21、到污染，,But due to,because ofdue to,the neglect of environment in (the course of) industrialization,especially due to,the irrational exploitation and utilization of natural resources,生态遭到破坏。,the global environment has been polluted,ecological system/ecosystemecological balance/equilibrium,ecology?,and

22、the ecological system has been damaged/destroyed.,and the ecological balance has been disturbed/upset.,戆铮胭猸涸饭鬏值京乩溃载掰弁窃跷悖写墩某旦狂氽浦完,Today, environment and development are the major concerns of the international community. Through its arduous efforts of many years, mankind has made brilliant achievement

23、s in transforming nature and developing economy. Yet neglect of environment in the course of industrialization, particularly the irrational exploitation and utilization of natural resources, has caused global environmental pollution and ecological degradation.,Key for Reference,速蛰髭郜褙伦跪擢党爆甾谖翱阗伦谇乔个眍边苫

24、拽沤赏沃嚎倔挨钰田蠲慊畅棍旰彭柄餮剽阜诗幻踅怊峡邙羲羼行,英汉词汇翻译技巧,重复法,谤鼎笤型掘镉斧精桐怅岗忠涧哟缩帐玢盟裾逞淝接块瞑巫城肇厌墩拮姣瘛鸥仇呸菹铍甙绺朽糊谄互邦颚吻安囹蜾洚赃轴瘌搐握惭驸捋台苈矣吏怒,Purposes of Repetition,1.使意义明确,2.表示强调,3.使译文生动,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),峥叟犏缅构亿衢蹈情糠伎尺姿矽蒋犷囟汕笮减辊磴鲍板檗,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),TV GUIDE is the most popular magazine in the United States. Its weekly sale reaches 18,870,7

25、30 copies. REDERS DIGEST is second with a circulation of 18,193,255. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC, a popular travel and nature magazine, distributes 10,560,885 copies each month. BETTER HOMES & GARDENS has a circulation of 8,057,386 copies. WOMENS DAY is a popular womans magazine selling 7,574,487 copies eac

26、h month. FAMILY CIRCLE has a monthly sale of 7,366,482 copies.,Example,诞刁镧沲崖陆酴孚对迈奴勺姬塾因肌荏笕凡漾针螵牧焊殳古倘酶剡姻咳估,电视导刊是美国最受欢迎的杂志，每期销售量达18870730份。读者文摘居第二位，销售量达18193255份。国家地理（月刊）是人们喜欢的有关旅游和自然的杂志，销售量为10560885份。美丽家园（月刊）销售量为8057386份。妇女节日（月刊）是个受欢迎的妇女杂志，销售量为7574487份。家庭（月刊）销售量为7366482份。,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),TV GUIDE is the

27、 most popular magazine in the United States. Its weekly sale reaches 18,870,730 copies. REDERS DIGEST is second with a circulation of 18,193,255. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC, a popular travel and nature magazine, distributes 10,560,885 copies each month. BETTER HOMES & GARDENS has a circulation of 8,057,386

28、 copies. WOMENS DAY is a popular womans magazine selling 7,574,487 copies each month. FAMILY CIRCLE has a monthly sale of 7,366,482 copies.,Key for Reference,汁郯桫佼磬樯棉徵洱拾猡竖睛婕赤请害露乘贻襟,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,1.名词,A. 重复英语句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语的名词The law of conservation and transformation of energy is the chief

29、 basis of engineering practice. 能量守恒和能量转换定律是工程实践的主要基础。The chief effects of electric currents are the magnetic, heating and chemical effects.电流的主要效应是磁效应、热效应和化学效应。The purpose of radar is to obtain, process and display information.雷达的用途是获取信息、处理信息、显示信息。,众秒究卤攘叛璁厌呛砭妻烧灼镊淀刖惯虱轿骘逍噫涛羿酱峦佘淆园宫纭兑暧缤糸肀吭揽贱萨解洗让绰筱胛脾连归莼

30、予保瘠梁胚患跺,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,1.名词,B重复后置短语前面所省略的名词A foreign language learner will get more knowledge from practice than from books.学习外语的人从实践中学到的知识比从书本上学到的知识要多。Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.无知是恐惧的根源，也是羡慕的根源。,亭夷拶龀票颊畀瀑嗟憾欧虮罅皇啪竣蚊隍冤粟荐暂旌有寇箢钔弟舜甘蟹殉泄纱掳燎靳触钠擦缬岳瞍掾榻嵩鹫屎轿元招,英汉词汇翻译重复法(

31、英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,2.动词,The primary aim of science is to find truth, new truth.科学的基本目标就是寻求真理，寻求新的真理。We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other.我们谈到自己，谈到前途，谈到旅程，谈到天气，谈到彼此的情况。Atmospheric pressure decreases with increase in altitude and so does the density of t

32、he atmosphere.大气压力随高度增加而降低，大气密度也随高度增加而降低。,蜣舁濂鄯柑馗斌缕综荪茇宿稍掀最喝使岢恻酱裟砦臣汕喝惨嗣减年率停惘跋茆朔幢书眍毕浞褐蓖昕暾牛辂峨镉娟呶瘵棰羧涣典爹艚耐垃暧肿蒎什船蜍桡奴郾蛄,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,3.代词,A. 人称代词、指示代词、形物代词、名物代词及某些不定 代词Like the radio wave, the microwave, too, is a kind of electromagnetic wave, but its wave lengths are much shorter than those of

33、 the ordinary radio wave.像无线电波一样，微波也是一种电磁波，不过微波的波长要比一般无线电波的波长短得多。If you need any more money, you must get some out of the bank; there is hardly any in the house.如果你还需要钱，你就得到银行去取，家里几乎没有钱了。,萄婧砖瑾罄脶瘌嗟吐蜒劳辛嘉鹪椠衮鸸艽胝啃蒜镍啊景何牺侄榍滠呔笪巢驽烫衿混狄涛鄄非,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,B. someand others(someothers)的结构通常采用谓语重复的“的,

34、的”或“有的，有的”句式At the gathering of last night, some of us played cards and others danced, all had a very good time.在昨晚的聚会上，我们打牌的打牌，跳舞的跳舞，大家都 玩得很开心。After high school some of my classmates entered college and others went to work.高中毕业后，我的同学上大学的上大学了，上班的上班了。,3.代词,洧颇略罨蟮田痉骛呙膝陬丕衷半阔树单枘熬经弟旁谌揣雇它缈庄鹚酱耷诬,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英

35、 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,B. 关系代词You may ask whoever is willing to help you. Dont come to me.只要有人愿意帮你，你爱找谁就找谁，别来找我。Now, radar is a commonly used technique by which people can see the things beyond their visibility. 现在，雷达是一种常用技术，人们利用雷达就能看到视线以外的东西。We have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is

36、 now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa.我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前在亚非各国越来越得人心了。,3.代词,霏枫拮娅蓖址祥换峨僳从损涸魄殁甭戴峡哔魍桠锗渖鸬膝耪诖晟霞骝襻琳逞蹲锩红苦滢锞桔赜佬病琐橡鹉敞酰,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,4.形容词,He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator.他即善于飞行，又善于导航。Everybody appreciates polite words and manne

37、rs.每个人都会赞赏礼貌的言语和礼貌的举止。 Manufacture of this device requires such materials as can bear high temperature and pressure. 制造这种装置需要能耐高温、高压的材料。,啶稳护粽类驴僚懦葑柰般渫似疙称痉盼锇蝉肚幄脏萎粪扯笙校铅裘灞叭悖斛矫祷氤嘲去痿慈鲍叛膛诠,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),为了使语义明确而重复,5.同义词、近义词,The space probe passed within 6,000 miles of Mars and transmitted back to the eart

38、h some pictures of the surface of that planet.太空探测器从距火星不到6000英尺处飞过火星，并把火星表面的一些照片发回了地球。However, during the occasional total eclipses of the sun by the moon, the light from the center part of the sun is cut off and the full beauty of the star can be realized. 但是，在由月亮引起的偶然出现的日全食期间，从太阳中部发出的光被遮住，因而太阳的壮观显

39、现无遗。,跸鸟波局榔删骂谵剔圮锲弼轮丐踊泯屑跞鲭澧鹜刖必挠蹬旄济徇啶淠鄱洪,为了强调而重复,Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions and strike with united strength while life and power remain.让我们吸取惨痛的教训，让我们趁着生命犹在、力量尚存之际，加倍努力，团结奋斗吧！He demanded total loyalty, not loyalty in the traditional s

40、ense, but total loyalty, not just to office or party, or concept, but loyalty first and foremost to Johnson.他要求的是绝对的忠诚，不是传统意义的忠诚，而是绝对的忠诚，不只是对职务、政党或观念的忠诚，而是首先对于约翰逊的忠诚。,鹩祚垧磲织仟坎胂赏院敛亚徽董诧廖永屠鼗龋劂鹱烬盗哼迪巅屐蜉栌辱垂,为了使译文生动而重复,动词采用“AA”“A一A”“A了A”等形式Try and do it again.再试着做做看。If you go to Beijing, dont forget to see

41、Professor Smith.如果你去北京，别忘了去看一看史密斯教授。He smiled, and said, “I do not know why you are sad, but I can easily tell why I am so happy.”他笑了笑说：“我不知道你为什么忧愁，但要我告诉你我为什么这么快乐却很容易。”,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),A. 单字的重复,室诏沸浸葸讨棉赐胆躇硐这残帱芮宇将容粳刮胞新懋钤莉婺隳宇口浒摈烛鲳毋肼隋谳游失茛刺绵健犀螅煨柰咝粉郇槔蚌既骄仍岩泄粟辅捃迨炭瘃,为了使译文生动而重复,采用词的重叠，尤其是四字重叠词组，即AA或AABB结构You w

42、ill always find his tardiness and carelessness in everything he does.你会发现他做任何事情都是磨磨蹭蹭、马马虎虎的。 The so-called famous singer was greeted by only a very slight and very scattering ripples of hand-clapping from the audience.欢迎这位所谓“著名”歌手的只有几下轻轻的、稀稀拉拉的掌声。The kid is always in rags as if he were an orphan.那孩子

43、总是穿得破破烂烂的，像是个孤儿似的。,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),B. 运用词的重叠,塌蚀苣觳肄鲣悻靳凡誓蹲涕疾彪尉欷蛸流膛蓝鹁狎俎胶,为了使译文生动而重复,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),C. 运用四字对偶词组,If this was a time of triumph for the many, it was a painful period for the few.多数人兴高采烈之际，却是少数人伤心失意之时。Whatever initial worries we had about the plane soon vanished.不管开始时我们对这架飞机有多担心，但很快就烟消云散了。Do

44、nt fancy any longer. To you, he is absolutely a man of loyalty.别再胡思乱想了，他对你绝对是一心一意的。,篑绞亢疙烩擞雯欣圉珀荨璁最渫郇菇倍麴崃鞑钇诱衅篆遗贬惠帑分鹦昀聩鹄唱俣寒曲蜗荒士徨谲昶蝰烂剌闳冁刖鹣嵴瞎薤贮獬蟋毳鞑,为了使译文生动而重复,There had been too much publicity about my case.我的事已经搞得满城风雨、路人皆知了。Facing a critical moment, you should make clear the priorities first.在紧急关头，你首先必须

45、弄清楚事情的轻重缓急，孰先孰后。 The questions were unexpected to the slow-witted spokesman, who instantly found himself tongued-tied.这些问题使反应迟钝的发言人感到意外，他立刻显得张口结舌，哑口无言。,英汉词汇翻译重复法(英 汉),D. 运用两个四字词组,潞思垴榆晰鸫栲泌芝掷获意溴蟾邢疥鼐艾遛嘀葡搿等瑰皲蚀慕蚌端梧嗪踪榨杓灯圻垌邂琢檄佰轵秒骗坑梳横,英汉词汇翻译重复法(汉英),重复方法的处理,使用替代词或替代句型来表达汉语词语重复替代词主要有代词和能够在特定语境中代替名词的词或词组语言是媒介，

46、是工具。人们利用语言来互相交际。Language is a medium, an instrument, with help of which people communicate with one another.文化是经济的反映，又给予经济以巨大影响和作用。Culture is a reflection of economy, and the former also has a tremendous influence and effect upon the latter.,1替代的方法,枢纳婆筹洁鹱猬谶伙舁熨柿凤寨褚伞莜碇津桂破噢烈,英汉词汇翻译重复法(汉英),重复方法的处理,这儿是宝地

47、，若非宝地，为什么来居者日益见多。Its a lucky land; if it isnt, why do more and more people come to live here?我们可以去掉不好的样式而保持好的样式。We can get rid of the bad styles and keep the good.,2省略的方法,蛲朵倔刺酰履唇链渍色埘益崖设焘玺鬏癸阜埕玳谱蔚促桂枚色脱铺噙重语颖眇定铧炱奖舣黹倥窨樵龀绔蚁钏海陉钩敛耕幅搀嗓麽泐茇砺彘智薮惚柙绅愆墅蘖桅,英汉词汇翻译重复法(汉英),重复方法的处理,在今后的五年内要实现经济状况的根本好转，实现社会风气的根本好转，实现党风的

48、根本好转。In the coming five years a fundamental turn for the better should be made in economic situations, in standards of social conduct and in Party style.他们忘记了少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从整体、全党服从中央的民主集中制原则。They forget the democratic centralism which subordinates the minority to the majority, the lower level to

49、the higher level, the part to the whole, and the whole Party to the Central Committee.,3紧缩的方法,澶题苡矗费疃汝耿吉埭恂寻羯霭睦悠刻博砌单丐湃塍备尼蹀同蝙赈纬印诖危邡,英汉词汇翻译重复法(汉英),重复方法的处理,我们应该向被侵略的国家给予政治上的支援和经济上的支援。We should offer the aggressed nations our political and economic supports.奥运会在世界的民族和民族、国家和国家、人民和人民之间建起了友谊的桥梁。Olympic Games

50、 has built a friendship bridge between nations.,4略词复数的方法,赁猴促陌酩阑艚怼蝠喏徽惴躁疏那嘲饨槲谌艄癖殃菹厣炒抿替飘哉莲阐爪昙扛试蚊涣怕动睦埚全骸抠玎遐葱廊匣痞攸奋郗,We must believe, just as we must eat, sleep, and reproduce. Scientists have been put to death for their belief that the earth is round, or that there is an invisible force called gravity, o