英语语音教学课件.ppt

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1、英语语音教学,英语语音学习内容,英语发音的三大要领英语发音的三种口型英语发音的三种舌位音素与音标英语音素的发音要领、盲点及辨析辅音连缀连读,英语语音学习内容,失去爆破 音节单词重音语句重音停顿意群意群的语调气群及其划分规律节奏和节奏群,英语发音的三大要领：,气流口型舌位发音是否标准, 口型、舌位是关键。,气流,人们讲话的声音是由肺部发出的气体经过口腔或鼻腔而产生的。不同的声音是气流在口腔中由不同的口腔部位造成的改变而形成的。有些声音则是由嘴唇及舌头的运动导致气流的改变而形成的。气流是语言发音的三大要领之一。而口型、舌位及口腔中某些部位的运动是发音的关键。控制好口型和舌位便能发出正确的语音。,英

2、语发音的三种口型,圆唇-收势口型（Round lips）扁唇-外延口型（Spread lips）前趋唇-收缩口型（Protruding lips）,圆唇（Round lips）- 收势口型,要领：嘴张圆。嘴唇动作要收紧或收小。切忌松弛。要有绷紧，张不开的感觉。要注意控制嘴唇的运动幅度，幅度过大发音部位会前移。圆唇音： : : 等。,扁唇（Spread lips）- 外延口型,发音要领：要有控制地将嘴唇用力外延。不可无限制地外延。外延时嘴角要绷紧。扁唇音：: : 等。,前趋唇（Protruding lips） -收缩口型,要领：收唇，前撅，收小，略外翻。嘘声口型。前趋唇音：，等。,英语发音的三种

3、主要舌位,上舌位中舌位下舌位英语的元音是靠舌根的运动来发音的，属于舌根音。同时，舌部具有三种发音位置：上舌位，中舌位和下舌位。掌握好这三种舌位及舌根的运动才能发好，发准英语的元音。,上舌位（前元音）,发音要领：口腔内呈喇叭状。舌根上顶，口腔前开后闭。后部加紧。用后舌位发音由于很多气流因舌根上抬受挤而从鼻腔出来，因此，发出的声音多带有鼻音。音标：:,中舌位音（中元音）,发音要领：舌头在口腔中平放，口腔前后开启度基本相等。发音时靠舌中部运动。音标： : ,下舌位音（后元音）,发音要领：口腔前闭后开，形状像大头在后的鸡蛋。舌根下凹，软腭上提，咽腔开阔。发音时，喉腔张开，张大，声音厚亮。音标：:，等。

4、,音素与音标,什么是音素？音素是语音里的最小单位。把几个音素放在一起就能组成一个一个意思不同的单词。如: English 一词中有6个因素 。这6个音素的发音就是通过 中使用的6个符号来表示的。给音素注音的符号就是音标。,常用英/美音标体系名称介绍,英式 D.J.(Daniel Jones)英式 IPA=International Phonetic Alphabet (国际音标）美式 K.K. (Kenyon & Knott)美式 Thorndike Barnhart,学习的音标,音标（国际语音学会制定的国际音标）International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)所标注

5、的是： Received Pronunciation （RP）（英国标准发音）,我国现在所使用的英语教材和大多数词典大都沿用IPA音标体系(IPA=International Pronunciation Alphabet)，即：国际语音学会制定的音标国际音标。所标注的/代表的是Received Pronunciation, 简称RP=英国标准发音，即：受过教育的英国人所讲的英国南部的，尤其是私立中学和牛津大学的英语。也是教授英语时使用的一种通用的发音。,传统国际音标与新音标对照表, : : : : : : ,D : : ,英语音标中的大多数音标是成双成对的。成对的单元音发音近似，但长短不同或口

6、型宽窄不一，成对的辅音有清浊之分。 在一对，一对的元音中，发长音的是大音，发短音的是小音。小音是英语中是不太容易发好的音。发小音的要领：发音时，嘴唇较之发大音时要收小，不能有大动作。要用后部发音法发音。用舌根在口腔后部做小动作来发音。如：us, up, love, sit, it, big, head, ten, letter, book, good, look, 等。,元音音标：传统（20）新（24）,短元音：( /) u/) 传统（7）新（9）长元音： : : （5）双元音： 传统（8）新（10）,辅音（26）半元音（2）,辅音： 半元音：,英语基本音素的发音要领和技巧的学习,i: 的发音

7、要领及字母组合,发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，口型扁平，成微笑形。音长。cheese, we，feed，see, three, weekend, queen, CDeat, dream, seat, read, ceiling, people,单元音i:的盲点与辨析,1. 长元音短化： seat-，teacher- , fourteen-f: 2. 单元音双元音化： three- r, read-rd原因：上下齿间距过大，发音时口型有变动，嘴角未绷紧。3. 母语化：i:-汉语的衣。原因：舌尖未抵下齿，嘴外延得不够，嘴唇未绷紧。发音时 舌部过于紧张，舌头同口腔中的空气产生了摩擦。,发音练习,Co

8、nversation:A: Tea or coffee?B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please.Im pleased to meet you., 的发音要领及字母组合,位于重读音节中和非重读音节中间。发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，唇、舌、颊放松，口型扁平，音短。较之i音发音时舌位略靠后，是松口元音。发音时唇、舌略紧，重读。例：chips，English, live等，该音不容易发准确。发好该音的窍门：模仿时钟的滴答声和英文名字Dick的发音：Tick, tick, tick, Dick, Dick, Dick。舌尖清点下齿，嘴角绷紧：

9、big, big, big, pig, pig, pig,it, is, in, ill, six, sit, big, this, dinner, listen, sing, pink, fix, chips, pill, jigsaw, chopstick, visit, biscuit, picture, insteaderaser, England, jacket, subject, glasses, eleven, 位于非重读音节末尾。发音时唇、舌略松弛。较之音发音时舌位略靠前，发音较轻。是紧口音。busy, easy, teddy, city, party, naughty, mo

10、nkey, worry, hungry, lovely, merrily,单元音 的盲点与辨析,1. 短元音长化：ship-:p, sit-s:t, glasses- l:s:z2. 他音化：winter-wnt, sit down -t, six- subject-bt sorry-3. 母语化: - 衣 big -毕, live-利v4，松紧未分: city- t busy-bz。原因：发音时嘴唇过于松弛或外延过大。舌尖未抵下齿，齿间间距过大, 发音舌位过于靠前,没用舌根小动作发音。,发音练习,1. Jim gives Lily a big kiss.2. His little siste

11、r is sitting in the middle.3. It is still winter not spring yet.Chant: Two little kittens are sitting on the hill, one is Bill, one is Jill.Run away Bill, run away Jill.Come back Bill, come back Jill.,e的发音要领及字母组合,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起,舌位比: 低，舌前部用力。唇型中长，嘴角绷紧。上下齿间一个食指尖的间距，音短。 bed, red, pet, wet, then, yes, mes

12、s, desk, ten, instead, headache, sweater, test, pen, seven, spell, telephoneagain, elephant, clever, yellow, welcome,单元音e的盲点与辨析,1.口型错误：嘴唇外延得不够，上下齿间距过宽，如：letter-lt bed-bd 2. 单元音双元音化：red-rad letter-lat 2.他音化：friend-frnd ten-tn3.母语化：读成汉语的哀; lesson-l哀sn原因：未控制好上下齿间的间距及唇型，唇型在 发音中有变化。嘴角未绷紧，舌尖未抵 下齿,发音部位过于靠后

13、或过于靠前。,发音练习,Sentence:He gets up at seven everyday.Verse: Good,better,best, Never let it rest; Till good is better,And better best.,的发音要领,舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高。舌位比e低，扁平唇型，上下齿间两个指尖的间距。音短。bat, hat, cap, map, bag, can, man, back, thank, stand, hand, panda, hamburgerapple, animal, camel, happy, Saturday,音的盲点与辨析,圆

14、唇扁唇化：bag-b cat-et单元音双元音化：back-ba black-bla他音化：thank-nk stand-stnd hamburger-hmb:母语化：读成中文的哀，如：apple- 哀pl, camel- 开ml， saturday 塞turday原因：口型未控制好，齿间间距或过大或过小，舌位不到位；发音部位或太靠前或太靠后。,发音练习,Tongue twister: Cat, cat, catch that black rat!,:的发音要领与字母组合,口张大，双唇微收，后舌位，舌身压低,平放并后缩，舌尖不抵下齿。art, car, card, hard, park, sm

15、art, startfast, last, past, classroom, sunglasseshalf, afternoon, vase, father,:音的盲点与辨析,长元音短化及宽口型窄化：fast-fst, smart-smt母语化：: -汉语啊art-啊t， last- 辣st, start- s大t原因：口型，舌位不到位。嘴唇过于松弛，口型不够宽，发音部位过于靠前。,:音的发音练习,Sentence:Its far to the farm from the park.,的发音要领与字母组合,开口度小于:，舌尖和舌端两侧轻抵下齿，舌根靠前部分稍抬起，唇型稍扁，嘴角绷紧。come,

16、 love, front, glove, monkey, one, worry, colour, lovely, welcome, stomach, motherus, run, up, duck drum,jump, mum, puddle, number, hungry, lunch, under, summer,Butterfly,音的盲点与辨析,1. 短元音长化：lovely-:, us-:2. 扁唇圆唇化: glove-:3. 母语化：读成汉语的啊 summer-仨 ， love-辣 原因：嘴唇外延不够。上下齿间间距过大。嘴角未绷紧。,音的发音练习,I wonder whos com

17、ing for lunch said mybrother under the bunch.Come to the front on the double.The monkeys are funny., 的发音要领与字母组合,发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。monster, ruler, teacher, under, poster, eraser, firecracker, summer, trousers. winner, clever,sweater, footballer, hamburger, afternoon,again, panda, zebra, elephant, w

18、oman, England, Japan, China, colour, Saturday, merrily pilot, open, Christmas, 音的盲点与辨析,短元音长化：ruler-:l: afternoon- ft:u:n母语化：读成汉语的饿；teacher-ti:车儿音化：panda- China-原因：舌位不到位：中元音-前元音，卷舌。 唇型错误：嘴唇未外延或外延过度。 清读重读化。,音的练习,The farmers sister is a doctor.The monsters eating a hamburger merrily.,:的发音要领与字母组合,发音时舌中部

19、比发音时略高。双唇扁平。bird, girl, shirt, birthday, purple, hamburger，work,:音的盲点与辨析,1. 长元音短化：birthday-de2. 扁唇圆唇化或前趋化：bird-bd work-w:k3.他音化：girl-gl4.母语化：purple-坡pl hamburger ham拨g原因：嘴唇外延不够，舌位不对（中元音，舌头中部用力），发音长度不够，发音时嘴部周围肌肉过于松弛。,:音的发音练习,Thirty German girls were working in that firm for thirty years.The early bir

20、d catches the worm (first).,音的发音要领与字母组合,发音要领：发音时口张大，双唇稍稍收圆。舌身尽量降低并后缩，舌根下陷，软腭上抬，口腔后部喉咙大开发声。dog, oclock, box, fox, frog, song, sorry, long, shop, doll, chopsticks, module, orange, on,watch, wash, want, cough, crayon,音的盲点与辨析,1.圆唇前趋化：dog-:2.单元音双元音化：frog-au doll-dl3. 他音化：watch-w: 4. 母语化：读成汉语的奥: cough-k奥f

21、， 饿:what- w饿t原因：下舌位音发成前舌位音。嘴唇在发音 时有移动，或唇型不标准,未张圆。,音的练习,Sentence:Sorry, I forgot to lock the box.Proverb:A little pot is soon hot.,:音的发音要领及字母组合,要领：发音时舌后部抬得比高，双唇收得更圆更小，略前趋。morning, fork, shorts, horse, airport, all, small, ball, walk, naughty, autumn, door, floor, jigsaw, warm, blackboard,four,:音的盲点与辨

22、析,小口型放大化：morning-下舌音上舌音化：autumn-单元音双元音化：shorts- horse-原因：未控制好唇型；嘴唇未收紧前 趋，舌根没有用力下凹。,:音的练习,Sentences:Mr. Shorthouse snores worse than a horse.My daughter-in-law whos forty-four is a lawyer.,u的发音要领及字母组合,要领：发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。双唇稍收圆，前趋。用舌根小动作发音。good, book, look, classroom, football, put, woman,音的盲点与辨析,

23、短元音长化：classroom- : 他音化：good- 母语化：读成汉语的务：foot-富原因：口型错误；嘴唇未收圆前趋，没用舌根小动作发音。, 音的练习,Sentences:Look at the cook-book, its really good.He took the butcher as the cook.Tongue twister:How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood.,u:的发音要领及字母组合,要领：发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比高。唇收圆并前趋。口形比稍小。 too, coo

24、l, balloon, school, afternoon,ruler,use, music, flute, fruit, juice，you, soup, two, blue, shoe,u:音的盲点与辨析,长元音短化：cool- ruler单元音双元音化：you-母语化：读成汉语的屋; too-吐原因：嘴唇未收圆，未前趋，发音时唇型有滑动。,: 音的练习,Sentences:How do you do? You look really cool.Its too soon to be true.Do you want a pair of new shoes or boots?,的发音要领与字

25、母组合,要领：先发音，口型略比大，然后滑向音。双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。game, name, make, headache, late, lake, plane, cake, racing, wait, rain, train, play, Friday, way, X-ray, say, crayon,great, eight,音的盲点与辨析,双元音简化：way, play等词后面的音 被省略了。他音化：train-:, rain-: 母语化：读成汉语的诶: make-妹k, late-累t原因：口型不正确，没有滑动 (从半开到 合)。, 音的练习,Proverb:No pain, no

26、gain.Verse:Rain, rain, go away, little Johnny wants to play.Song Make a cake, make a cake, put it on the plate.Make a cake, make a cake, I cant wait.,的发音要领与字母组合,先发音，然后滑向音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。口型由宽变扁。I, fine, five, bike, mine, nine, knife, ride, white, science, time, idea, Friday, driver, hi

27、gh, life, like, pilot, Chinatry, by, Goodbye,音的盲点与辨析,双元音简化：nine, high他音化：fine-, five-母语化：读成汉语的爱：time-太m China- 拆 原因：口型不正确，没有滑动。喉腔未打开，下舌音发成上舌音。, 音的练习,Proverbs: A stitch in time saves nine. Out of sight, out of mind.,的发音要领与字母组合,发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。发好这个音的关键是首先要把后元音发足，然后滑向音。boy, toy, point, soil, oil, poin

28、t, noise, toilet,音的盲点与辨析,双元音多音化：toy-t他音化：point-p boy-母语化：读成汉语的傲一 :boy-抱一原因：下舌音发成上舌音，舌根上抵，喉腔夹紧并且滑动速度过慢。, 音的练习,Sentence:The spoiled boy wants more toys.Soybean oil is my choice.,的发音要领与字母组合,由中元音滑向后元音，舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。由扁唇到前趋唇。注意将音发足。yellow, window, rowhello, no, go,old, OK, clothes, cold, poster,goal boa

29、t,音的盲点与辨析,双元音单音化：window-wndo母语化：读成汉语的欧；go-够原因：舌位及口型错误，没有变化及滑动（由半开到小，由扁唇到前趋唇）。,音的练习,Sentence:Go and open the window, Joe, and show me the photo.Song:Row, row, row your boat, gently down the stream. Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily, life is like a dream.,的发音要领与字母组合,由前元音滑向后元音，舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意将音发足。mou

30、se, house, count, trousers, how, now, down, our,音的盲点与辨析,双元音单音化：mouse-他音化：count-母语化：读成汉语的澳；now- 闹原因: 未收唇前趋。舌根未下凹，发音时舌位过于靠前。,音的练习,Sentences: How about going down town? I found a mouse in the house.Chant:Robert Rowley rolled a round roll round;A round roll Robert Rowley rolled round,Where rolled the ro

31、und roll Robert Rowley rolled round?,的发音要领与字母组合,由音滑向音。前面的音发得较清楚，后面的较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发足。ear, dear, tear, fear, beard, year, cheer, beer, Idea, realHere, zerotheory,音的盲点与辨析,短元音长化：idea- : 加入其他音：hear- ,音的练习,We are near the end of the year.His beard has nearly disappeared into his beer.,的发音要领与字母组合,从音滑向音。发音

32、时舌尖抵下齿，前舌略抬起，双唇半开，此音中的略宽，舌位高度在和之间。音较低。where, there, airport, hair, wear, bearcarefultheir,音的盲点与辨析,窄口型宽大化： where-w 加入其他音：hair- 原因： 口型、舌位错误，滑动不够快。滑动过 程中舌位变高。,音的练习,Proverb:Where theres a will theres a way.Sentence:Therere some pears on the chair downstairs.,的发音要领与字母组合,发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把音发足，然后滑向

33、音sure, pure, poor, tour, fewer, newer,音的盲点与辨析,短音长化：sure- :小音大音化：tour- :母语化：读成汉语的屋饿；poor-铺饿原因：口型错误：嘴唇前趋及外延过度。不是用舌根作小动作发音，而是用舌前部发的音。,音的练习,Sentence:These newer attractions are sure to lure the tourists.,英语辅音介绍,爆破音：pbtdk-清辅音：(voiceless sound）ptk-浊辅音：(voiced sound) bd摩擦音：fvsz rh破擦音：td舌边音： 鼻音：,英语中的半元音, ,辅

34、音音素的发音要领,）气流受阻 （从肺部呼出的气流在通过口腔或鼻腔时遇到阻碍。）。）阻碍部分气流较紧张。 3）有清浊音之分。,音的发音要领和字母组合,双唇爆破辅音：发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。people, pet, prince, pill,pilot, put, park, play, plane,airport, chips, jump, shop, 音的练习,Sentences:Practice makes perfect.Paul plays the piano perfectly.Do you prefer peache

35、s or pineapples?Tongue twister:Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper.Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled pepper?If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper,Wheres the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked?,的发音要领和字母组合,双唇爆破辅音：发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。bat，bike， bite，

36、 by， biscuit， busfootballer，hamburgercab, tab, job,b音的练习,Sentences：Youd better behave!Barry found a big bug in his bed.Bob brought us some bread but no butter.,t音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。t是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。taxi， teddy， time， too， toy，test, T-shirt， sweater，gently，visit，wait,w

37、et，subject，elephant， light, fightletter, little,t音的练习,Phrases:time table，from ten to ten, a tennis racketTongue twister:This is a hat, that is a cap.This is a cat, that is a rat.The cat is in the hat, the rat is in the cap.,d音的发音要点和字母组合,舌齿爆破辅音：发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。d是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。bed，dad

38、， need， deer，date，dip，dig，do， duck， add, middle, sudden,d音的练习,Sentences:So you have a needle and thread?The doorman told David to go down.Does your doctor get paid on Friday?,k音的发音要点和字母组合,舌后软腭爆破音：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软腭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。k是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。kill，keen，kite，kick，back，pick，duck,cast，come，cap，cav

39、e，card，cough,lake，make，steak,k 音的练习,Sentences：Dont kick the kitten.Kate is flying a kite in the sky.Cut your coat according to your cloth.Mike paid a halfcrown to cover the cost of the cleaning.,音的发音要点和字母组合,舌后软腭爆破音：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软腭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。gap，gum，give，glove，get，go, goal，gre

40、at，bag， pigdialogue, league, ghost, guest, guard, guideexact, example, exhaust,g音的练习,Proverb:A good beginning makes a good ending.Sentences:He is digging in his garden.Maggie played the game again and again.,f音的发音要点和字母组合,唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间缝隙中通过，形成摩擦音。 f 是清辅音，声带不振动。four, five, fox, face, film, f

41、ire football, floor, fly, friend frog front, careful, beautifulhalf, calf, life, knifeLaugh, enoughoff, officephrase, physics,f音的练习,Sentences:If I feel better on Friday, Ill go to my friends party.If you buy fish, make sure its fresh.If Fred laughs, he looks funny.,v音的发音要点和字母组合,唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇

42、齿间缝隙中通过，形成摩擦音。v是浊辅音，声带振动。very, visit, voice, vase, clever, driver, Of, TV, glove, have, move, live, love, lovely, five,v音的练习,Sentences:Five and seven make twelve.All English vowels are voiced.Therere some very fine views down the valley.,m音的发音要点和字母组合,双唇鼻辅音。发音时软腭下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔送出。在词末尾时须略微延长，以防止吞音。make,

43、 mat, mess, math, mouse, man, morning, jump, stomach, animal, woman, computer, small, smart, summer, dream, them, mum, time, name, warm, game, come, drum, some, welcome, classroom,m音的练习,Sentences:Mom has many things to do at home.May I offer you some lemonade?Its not a matter of money but a matter o

44、f time.Some of us may stay till Monday.,n音的发音要领,舌尖齿龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。在词末尾时须略微延长，以防止吞音。no , name, nine, nothing, seven, ten, green, open, down, crayon, pen, balloon, afternoon, can, on under pencil rainbow, windowstand, thank, front, point, count, and, friend,n音的发音练习,Sentence:Noras new

45、 dress is green.How many stone animals are near here?Proverb: Never too old to learn.,音的发音要点和字母组合,舌后软腭鼻辅音。发音时软腭下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。English, sing, song, long, morning, ceiling, spring,音的练习,Sentences:The dog hung out its long tongue.Were planning to travel to US this spring.Ling ling is listening t

46、o an English song.,l音的发音要领和字母组合,舌端齿龈边浊辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向硬腭抬起，气流从舌旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈，舌前下陷，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹槽。发音时声带振动。late, listen, live, love, late, look, like, leave, lunchcolour, yellow, hellofloor, play, please, clean, glove, fly, flute, clock, cold, film, milksmall, all, doll, ball, cool, pencil, g

47、irl, school apple, middle, bicycle,不发音的l,palm, calm, calf, talk, walk, chalk, could, would, should, half, behalf, salmon, Lincoln,l音的练习,Sentences：What a beautiful bicycle!Michael! Be careful!I like to eat salmon for lunch.Isnt that little bottle beautiful?,音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦

48、音。是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。throw，thank，think，thick，thought，bath，faith，both，breath，mouth，cloth tenth，thirsty，three,音的练习,Phrases:Three times three.To go south and north.Sentences：Thank you for your table cloth.,音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音，是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。though，than，them，bathe，breathe clothe，with,音

49、的练习,Sentences:Dont bother them.Theres something wrong with the soup.Chant:This is used for one thing near, That means one thing over there.These and those mean two or more, Those are far and these are near.,s音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。s是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。Saturday，small，same，save，sell，s

50、ick， sing，spring， ice，face，price，race，mouse，poster，past，house,s音的练习,phrases:a swimming suita sweet smiling faceTongue twister:Sally sells sea shells on the seashore, the shells she sells are seashells Im sure.,z音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。z是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。zebra，zeal，zoo，prize，raise，va